On the morning of March 5, the Fifth Session of the 13th National People's Congress opened at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, and Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council delivered a government work report.
The report proposes to continue to ensure the housing needs of the masses. Adhere to the positioning that houses are used to live, not to speculate, explore new development models, adhere to the combination of rent and purchase, accelerate the development of the long-term rental housing market, promote the construction of affordable housing, support the commercial housing market to better meet the reasonable housing needs of buyers, stabilize land prices, stabilize house prices, stabilize expectations, and promote the virtuous cycle and healthy development of the real estate industry because of the city's policies.
At the two sessions of the National People's Congress this year, a number of deputies and committee members also put forward suggestions on the development of the real estate and rental housing markets. Maidian sorted out (incompletely) the relevant proposals of the deputies and members, which have distinct guiding significance for the future development of China's real estate industry and housing rental market.
1. Adhere to the principle of "housing and not speculation" and promote the rational return of the real estate industry
@ Zhong Maochu, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and professor of the Institute of Economic Research of Nankai University
Zhong Maochu suggested that in the context of the dual-carbon strategy, the "consumption carbon emission quota" should be used as a policy tool for "housing and not speculation". Transform administrative purchase restrictions into a more fair and reasonable total amount of "housing carbon tickets" and limit the total supply and demand of housing. When promoting the construction of the national carbon emission trading market, relevant departments can simultaneously explore the construction of the "housing carbon ticket" trading market and carry out trading pilots.
@ Mo Tianquan, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Fang Tianxia
Mo Tianquan suggested adhering to the positioning of "houses are used to live, not to speculate", strengthening the supervision and rectification of the housing market, and standardizing development, sales, intermediaries and other behaviors. Adhere to the parallel development of the market system and the security system, establish a people-housing-land linkage mechanism, accelerate the establishment of a housing security system with public rental housing, affordable rental housing and co-ownership housing as the main body, and give play to the guarantee effect of affordable housing; Rent-to-buy at the same time to ensure the right of renters to enjoy public services.
@ Shi Weidong, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and president of Nantong University
Shi Weidong suggested that the government housing department should formulate regulations that buyers of off-the-plan housing only need to pay 10%-30% of the total price of the pre-sale funds (deposit) at the beginning. Learn from the experience of Hainan Province and gradually abolish the off-plan system in accordance with the regional steps. Support reasonable demand for self-occupation, resolutely curb speculation and speculation, and maintain the stability of the real estate market; At the same time, promote the implementation of the national real estate tax pilot as soon as possible; The auction land price of the city should be reasonable and the maximum price should be limited; For high-quality and honest developers, the government and banks should increase the support of funds and policies, and support the loan term and interest; Governments at or above the county level must assume territorial responsibility and do their best to resolve the existing rotten buildings in their respective areas.
@ Zhang Jianming, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Mingyu Group
Zhang Jianming believes that the pre-sale system is the main source of high leverage in real estate, and high leverage in real estate is an important source of derivative financial risks. The implementation of the existing housing sales system will fundamentally reduce the financial leverage of developers, eliminate the kinetic energy of developers to frantically obtain land and hoard land, effectively prevent financial risks, and promote the rational return of the real estate industry. The implementation of the existing house sales system is also the need to adhere to the positioning of "housing and not speculation". He suggested that between the promulgation of the policy and the formal implementation, a certain time window (such as three years) should be left to fully prepare for the assessment, adjustment and transformation of relevant market entities to ensure the orderly, steady and efficient implementation of the new policy.
2. Realize the same right to rent and buy, so that young people can reduce their anxiety about renting
@ Yao Jinbo, deputy to the National People's Congress and CEO of 58.com
From the perspective of the coordinated development of rent-purchase in the housing market, due to the long-standing tendency of "heavy sales and light rent" and "different rights of rent and purchase", the mainland housing market has shown the characteristics of a typical "double market structure" of "rent-purchase separation". It is mainly manifested in the unequal rights and obligations of the two parties to the lease. Moreover, there are still many policy thresholds for vulnerable groups in rental housing to enjoy basic public services. Yao Jinbo said that at present, 70% of new citizens in large cities are mainly renting, and housing rent accounts for 30%-50% of income. Therefore, he suggested that the annual increase in housing rents should not exceed 5%, and renters should enjoy the same rights to education, medical care and employment.
@ Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of Fang Tianxia Mo Tianquan
Mo Tianquan proposed that with the slowdown in the growth rate of the total population in the mainland and the continuous improvement of the level of urbanization, the space for total housing demand has gradually shrunk, and the traditional development model of housing enterprises is no longer applicable. To this end, Mo Tianquan suggested that in addition to the commercial housing market, accelerate the establishment of a housing security system with public rental housing, affordable rental housing and co-ownership housing as the main body, and give play to the guarantee effect of affordable housing. Promote the transformation of the housing model from "buying" to "renting and buying". At the same time, it is necessary to promote the right of renters to enjoy public services and relieve the worries of renters.
@ Wen Aihua, deputy to the National People's Congress and president of the Hunan Branch of CCB
Regarding the current problem of inconsistent implementation of rent-purchase rights in the mainland housing rental market, Wen Aihua suggested that it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of the housing rental industry and promote lease empowerment. Promote the transformation of local leasing empowerment from "symbolic execution" to "administrative execution"; Overcome the "fragmentation" tendency of the rental empowerment policy itself, combine it with the household registration system, education system, social security policy, public service supply, and urban governance, realize the integration and seamless docking of household registration, housing, education, medical care and other systems, realize the same rights in rent-purchase in basic public services, and steadily promote the empowerment of value-added public services.
3. Explore the new ecology of financial housing leasing and promote the development of the REITs market
Finance can also play an active role in supporting the housing rental market. Wen Aihua suggested that long-term rental loans and leasing enterprise loans can be developed; It is recommended that the regulatory authorities revise the policy to reasonably extend the term of loans related to housing leases; Under the premise that the risk is relatively controllable, the "rental loan" is moderately developed. Accelerate the development of housing rental insurance, and vigorously develop a series of insurance products including family property insurance, rent deposit loss insurance, lessee liability insurance, lessor liability insurance, etc.; Create a housing rental price index, reasonably guide the trend of rental prices, and actively explore a new model of "housing for the aged"; Further promote financial product innovation such as REITs.
@ Jia Wenqin, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Beijing Securities Regulatory Bureau
Jia Wenqin suggested that the newly revised Securities Law clearly requires that the Administrative Measures for the Issuance and Trading of Asset-Backed Securities be stipulated by the State Council in accordance with the principles of the Securities Law, which creates strong conditions for clarifying REITs as special legislation for real estate asset-backed securities. In order to better play the positive role and function of public REITs, it is recommended that the CSRC take the lead, summarize the pilot work experience, learn from mature international practices, focus on publicly offered contract REITs, formulate business management measures for real estate investment trust funds (REITs), optimize the product design of infrastructure REITs, simplify the transaction structure, improve the supervision and management system, build a solid risk prevention bottom line, systematically build a rule system that conforms to the development laws of REITs, and promote the sustainable development and growth of the REITs market. Serve the high-quality development of the real economy.
@ Wang Tian, deputy to the National People's Congress and chairman of BBK
Wang Fill suggested that commercial real estate be included in the pool of public REITs: Since commercial real estate has the public attribute of serving people's livelihood, is a means of production, and has the function of infrastructure, it is recommended that the public reiTs be extended to the field of commercial real estate, and give play to the positive role of commercial real estate in ensuring people's livelihood, stabilizing employment and promoting consumption.
Establish and promote the institutional construction of commercial real estate REITs: As a financial tool for high-quality commercial real estate, public reits can effectively revitalize existing assets, which is conducive to improving market efficiency, and it is recommended to promote the institutional construction of commercial real estate REITs as soon as possible, promote a healthy virtuous cycle of commercial real estate industry chain, and help the development of the real economy.
4. It is recommended that the real estate industry actively participate in rural revitalization
@ Xu Jianjian, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and current chairman of the board of directors of Baolong Group
Rural development still has problems such as low per capita disposable income of farmers, weak rural industrial support system, serious loss of rural population, and weak public service guarantee capacity, so in order to prevent the occurrence of phenomena such as poverty alleviation and then return to poverty, it is necessary to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and continue to promote the development of rural revitalization. In this regard, Xu Jiankang put forward suggestions on consolidating the achievements in poverty alleviation and continuously promoting the development of rural revitalization. First, it is necessary to maintain the overall stability of the support policy and establish a dynamic monitoring mechanism to prevent the return to poverty; The second is to vigorously attract all kinds of talents to gather in the rural frontline and enhance the endogenous driving force for rural revitalization; The third is to encourage the real estate industry to actively participate in rural revitalization and achieve win-win development of real estate transformation and rural revitalization; The fourth is to vigorously develop "culture +" and highlight the rural nature of rural revitalization.
@ Cai Jiming, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Political Economy Research Center of Tsinghua University
For a long time, the agricultural migrant population has been constrained by the employment, medical care, pension, education and social security systems in the cities where the migrant workers are located, and it is difficult to settle down in the cities where they have been working for a long time. Cai Jiming suggested that efforts should be made from the urban housing supply side of the agricultural transfer population, increase the urban housing supply of the agricultural transfer population, and solve the urban housing problem according to the characteristics of different agricultural transfer populations, so as to achieve "living in a home, living in a livable place".
5. Develop institutionalized long-term rental housing and make up for the shortcomings of the supply side of rental housing
@ Zhou Hongyu, deputy to the National People's Congress and professor of Central China Normal University
In the face of the contradiction between demand and supply in the long-term rental housing market, Zhou Hongyu, a deputy to the National People's Congress and a professor at Central China Normal University, proposed to cultivate professional and large-scale long-term rental housing enterprises during the "two sessions" last year. He believes that accelerating the development of the long-term rental housing market, especially the institutionalization of long-term rental housing, is the main way to promote the improvement of the housing rental system and solve the housing problem. This year's two sessions proposed to "accelerate the development of the long-term rental housing market", from "standardized development" to "accelerated development" of the change, which means that long-term rental housing has made a major breakthrough in this year, and the long-term rental housing market has entered a stage of high-quality development.
@ Li Yang, member of the Financial and Economic Committee of the 15th Beijing Municipal People's Congress, member of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and chairman of the National Finance and Development Laboratory
In recent years, China's economy has entered a "new normal" characterized by medium- and high-speed growth. Under the new normal, there are still structural contradictions between the rental market and the housing sales market. At present, with the promotion of the "rent-to-buy housing system" by the state, while the central government implements affordable rental housing, it is proposed to accelerate the development of the long-term rental housing market, so that the development trend of the housing rental industry is becoming more and more obvious. Li Yang believes that the implementation of supply-side structural reform in the housing rental market and the focus on accelerating the development of the long-term rental housing market are important tasks for governments at all levels to promote the development of the urban housing market in the next stage. Only through the operation of professional institutions can we effectively solve the problem of "scattered, chaotic and old", effectively establish a stable relationship between all parties in the lease, and then continue to play a role in stabilizing rents, stabilizing housing prices and stabilizing the market.
@ Minjin Central
The long-term rental housing market is a nascent industry, at present, the long-term rental housing market has repeatedly thunderstorm phenomenon, and some cities' one-size-fits-all capital supervision measures have limited the ability of the long-term rental industry to allocate resources in a market-oriented manner, bringing pressure to the operation of formal long-term rental institutions. The Central Committee for promoting democracy will submit proposals to strengthen access management and credit management, and promote the standardized development of long-term rental institutions. The proposal said that it is necessary to improve laws and regulations in the field of leasing, set industry access thresholds, and gradually eliminate irregular operating entities such as black intermediaries and second landlords. Encourage the development of professional long-term rental institutions, give full play to their advantages in improving housing quality, standardized management, and stable prices, and force the market to improve service quality and level.