1． The outer formwork of the façade climbs on top of each other
This method is to cancel the climbing bracket, take A and B two large templates to rely on each other, with lifting equipment and climbing rods to make the two adjacent templates alternately climb each other.
The outer formwork of the outer wall is divided into two types: A type and B type. The A-type formwork is 0.9m wide and 6.3m high, arranged on the outside of the junction of the inner and outer walls and the center of the outer wall of the large opening; the B-type formwork is 2.6~3.0m wide and 3.0m high, which is alternately arranged with the A-type template, see the following figure.
Figure: Schematic diagram of the floor plan of the frameless climbing die
(1) Composition and structure
1) Template: the formwork is divided into A and B, the A type template is a narrow plate, the height is greater than two layer heights; the B type template should be prepared according to the size of the building's external wall, the height is slightly greater than the floor height, and the lower outer wall is slightly overlapped to avoid slurry leakage and misalignment (Figure-1). The two forms of formwork are arranged alternately, with the A-die arranged at the junction of the outer and inner walls, or in the middle of the large open outer wall (Fig.2). The left and right sides of each formwork are spliced with adjustable plate seam steel plates to adjust the plate seam, and the end of the formwork forms a rail groove to facilitate the climbing of the formwork. The back of the template is provided with a vertical back lining, which serves as a support for the template to climb and can strengthen the overall stiffness of the template. The inner side is a general large formwork, and the inner and outer formworks are fixed with φ16 bolts through the wall. When the formwork climbs, it is necessary to rely on the pulling of its adjacent formwork and the wall to resist the external tension during the climb, so it is necessary to ensure that the template has sufficient stiffness.
Figure-1 Schematic diagram of unframeless climbing die
1-Formwork; 2-Jack; 3-Triangular Climbing Frame; 4-CardHolder; 5-Safety Net;
6- Platform pick-up; 7- Climbing rod; 8-Support; 9-"Rooting" backslank; 10-Connecting plates
Schematic diagram of the façade of the Fig-2 frameless climbing die
1- "Rooting" back lintel; 2- Connecting plate; 3- Jack; 4-A type template;
5-B type template; 6-triangular climbing frame; 7-climbing rod; 8-card holder
Root the bottom of the B-shaped template with a vertical back lining. The back lining is pressed against the wall and bolted with φ22 bolts to the lower wall. The upper end of the back line is equipped with a connection plate to support the upper formwork, and to solve the connection between the template and the rooting back, and also to adjust the horizontal elevation of the rooting back, so that the position of the back screw hole and the hole of the wall screw can match. Connect the board to the template.
2) Climbing device: The climbing device is composed of a triangular climbing frame, climbing rod, card holder and hydraulic jack, see Figure-1 and Figure-2.
The triangular climbing frame is inserted into the sleeve at both ends of the upper mouth of the formwork, and the sleeve is connected with a "U" shaped bolt and a vertical back liner. The triangular climbing frame can be rotated freely, and its role is to support the card seat and the climbing rod.
The climbing rod is made of round steel with a diameter of 25mm, 303cm long, and the upper end is fixed with a card holder, supported on the triangular climbing frame, and is in a pulled state when climbing.
Each formwork is fitted with two hydraulic jacks with a maximum starting weight of 3.5t. The jack of the type A template is installed in the lower middle of the formwork, and the type B formwork is installed at both ends of the upper mouth of the formwork. The oil supply system adopts a gear pump (rated pressure 10N/mm2, oil discharge capacity of 48L/min), and a high-pressure hose is used as a tubing.
3) Operation platform pick-up: The operation platform is supported by a triangular pick-up frame, installed on the vertical back of the B-type template and the rooting back of the B-type template, and placed three times up and down, see Figure-1. The top is covered with scaffolding, and the outer side is equipped with a protective rail and safety net. The upper and middle platforms are used for installation and removal of the formwork, and the formwork support is added on the middle platform to form a solid whole, so that the formwork, pick-up frame and support form a solid whole, and are used to adjust the angle of the template, and also facilitate the loosening of the template when disassembling; the lower platform is used for repairing the wall. The Type A template does not have a platform picker.
(2) Assembly and in place of the climbing mold
1) The assembly of the climbing mold is carried out on the ground, that is, the template, the triangle climbing frame, the jack, etc. are assembled on the ground. The assembled template is checked with a 2m ruler, and the flatness of the plate surface shall not exceed 2mm, and the diagonal deviation shall not exceed 3mm, and the bolted connections of each part are required to be tightened.
2) Because the B-type formwork should be supported on the "rooting" back lintel and the connection plate, the first layer structure can be completed by the conventional construction method of the large formwork, and then the climbing formwork can be installed.
3) A and B type templates are arranged alternately according to the requirements of Figure-3. First install the "rooting" back lintel and connection plate in the lower part of the B-type template. The "rooting" back is knotted with φ22 through-wall bolts and the poured wall on the first floor, and then the middle one is installed (see Figure-1). The platform is picked up, support is added, and the platform board is laid. Then lift the type B template, place it on the connection plate, and bolt it together. At the same time, a platform in the middle is used to set up temporary supports to correct and stabilize the formwork.
Tu-3 Unframeless climbing die construction climbing procedure
(a) the formwork is in place, poured and condensed; (b) the A-type template climbs;
(c) Type B formwork climbs into place, pours concrete, restores (a)
4) When installing the A-type template for the first time, because there is no "rooting" back lintel and connection plate at the lower end of the template, a temporary square wooden support can be used, and the temporary support can be used to correct the stability, and then brush the mold release agent and lash out the steel bar, and install the door and window opening template.
5) After the inner formwork of the outer wall is hoisted into place, the inner and outer formwork is tightened with the bolt through the wall and its verticality is corrected.
6) Finally, install the upper and lower platforms, lay the platform panels, hang the safety net, and pour the concrete.
(3) Climbing points
1) Before climbing, first loosen the bolt through the wall, remove the inner formwork, and separate the outer A and B formwork from the concrete wall. The wall-through bolts on the B-type stencil are then reloaded and tightened.
2) Adjust the angle of the B-type template triangle climbing frame, install the climbing rod, and clamp it tightly with the card holder. The lower end of the climbing rod penetrates into the jack in the middle of the A-type formwork.
3) Remove the wall bolt at the bottom of the A-type formwork, install the limit card, start the hydraulic pump, climb the A-type formwork to a predetermined height, and then fix it with the wall-through bolt.
4) After the A-type template climbs, then climb the B-type template. First release the mount and remove the climbing rod from the B-type template. Then adjust the angle of the A-type template triangle climbing frame, install the climbing rod, and clamp it tightly with the card holder. The lower end of the climbing rod is inserted into the jack at the upper end of the B-type formwork, and then the wall-piercing bolt on the B-type formwork is removed, so that the formwork is separated from the wall, the limit card is installed, the hydraulic pump is started, and the B-type template is raised to a predetermined height and fixed.
5) Correct the A and B formwork, install the inner formwork, install the bolts through the wall and tighten it, and then pour the concrete.
6) During construction, the B-type formwork in each flow section should be climbed at the same time, and the single formwork should not be climbed.
The climbing of the formwork can be arranged at the same time as the floor slab support mold and the binding of the steel bar. Therefore, this climbing method does not occupy the construction period, which is conducive to accelerating the progress of the project.
2． The inner surface of the elevator wellbore climbs on top of each other
Taking the inner mold of the elevator shaft, the frameless hydraulic climbing mold is used as an example, and a total of 19 floors are climbed.
The inner mold of the wellbore is divided into three types: A, B and C, which is composed of 4 large formwork (2 pieces each of type A and type B) and 4 small corner dies, and is fixed with 4 rows of φ16mm through-wall bolts and the general large formwork on the outside. The template layout is shown in the figure below.
Figure: Schematic diagram of the template layout
The back liner is set under the vertical ribs of the A-type and B-type inner molds, and the concrete wall is fixed with φ22mm through-wall bolts, and the upper formwork is supported by the connecting plate. The climbing device is shown in the figure below.
Figure: Climbing device
1- Triangular climbing frame; 2- card seat; 3- jack; 4- connecting plate; 5- climbing rod; 6- back liner
Before climbing, loosen the A and B type through-wall bolts to separate the formwork from the concrete, and then re-tighten the row of wall-piercing bolts on the B-type formwork. Adjust the angle of the triangular climbing frame on the B-type template, install the climbing rod, clamp it with the card holder, and the lower end of the climbing rod penetrates into the jack at the lower end of the A-type mold. Remove the bolts through the wall of the A-type formwork and the connection between the A-type formwork, lift the outer mold, install the limit card, turn on the power supply, start the hydraulic pump, and climb the A-type formwork to the specified level. Insert the wall-piercing bolts of the lower back of the A-type formwork to initially fix the A-type formwork.
The climb of the Type B template is the same as that of the Type A template.
The C-type angle mold is based on the large template of A and B type, and the manual chain is used to lift. In addition, the C-type angle mold can be flexibly connected with the A and B type large formwork suspension, and the C-type template can be raised to the specified level while climbing the A and B type templates.