In order to deepen the rule of law publicity of "Building the Rule of Law in Hainan and Women in Action" and guide the majority of women and families to study the law, respect the law, abide by the law, and use the law, the Hainan Provincial Women's Federation launched the "March 8th" Women's Rights Protection and Law Popularization Week - Coconut Sister Series of Sayings, learning legal knowledge such as the Constitution, the Civil Code, the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests, and the Law on Combating Domestic Violence. Sister Coconut will study with you the laws and regulations on the protection of women's rights and interests in the Constitution.
The Constitution of the People's Republic of China is the fundamental law of the mainland
The political, economic, cultural, social and family life of women is regulated
and other rights and guarantees.
Provisions on equality between men and women
Article 48 of the Constitution provides:
Women in the People's Republic of China enjoy equal rights with men in all aspects of political, economic, cultural, social and family life.
The State protects the rights and interests of women, implements equal pay for men and women for work of equal value, and trains and selects women cadres.
Provisions on women's rights and obligations
Article 49 of the Constitution provides:
Marriage, family, mother and child are protected by the State.
Both spouses have the obligation to practice family planning.
Parents have the obligation to raise and educate minor children, and adult children have the obligation to support and support their parents.
It is forbidden to undermine the freedom of marriage and to abuse the elderly, women and children.
The Mainland Constitution clearly stipulates the equal rights of men and women and stipulates the rights and obligations of women, with the following three specific points:
1. Equal rights in political life
The Constitution provides for equal rights for men and women in politics. A healthy and civilized society should guarantee that every individual citizen has the right and equal opportunity to participate in decision-making in public affairs, so that his or her own legitimate rights and interests can be guaranteed, and that every person with political ability, regardless of gender, can display his or her talents. The full realization of women's political participation benefits not only women, but society as a whole. The mainland constitution clearly stipulates that "the state trains and selects women cadres." "Although the number of women in the entire civil service is rising, women cadres at the decision-making level are still in the minority, and although the training and selection of female cadres is a special protection, its purpose is to achieve substantive equality between men and women in political participation, which is of practical significance. At the same time, the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests also responds to the requirements of the Constitution by stipulating that there shall be an appropriate number of women deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all levels. The State has taken measures to gradually increase the proportion of women deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all levels.
2- Equal rights in employment
The Constitution guarantees women equal labour rights with men and equal pay for work of equal value. Women's employment is not only the basic way for women to obtain life resources and development opportunities, but also reflects the development of a society and the realization of human rights in a country to a certain extent. Both the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests and the Law on the Promotion of Employment stipulate that when recruiting workers, each unit may not refuse to hire women on the grounds of gender or raise the employment standards for women, except for the types of work or positions provided by the State that are not suitable for women. The Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests stipulates that when recruiting female employees, each unit shall sign a labor (employment) contract or service agreement with them in accordance with the law, and the labor (employment) contract or service agreement shall not stipulate the content restricting the marriage and childbirth of female employees.
3- Equal rights in family life
Article 48, paragraph 1, of the Constitution provides for women's equal rights in political, economic, cultural and educational rights, social life and family life, with special emphasis on equality between men and women in the family environment, and article 49 stipulates the rights and obligations of women. Focusing on modern family relations, the important principle of equality between men and women is mainly reflected in marriage relations and inheritance relations. First of all, in the marriage relationship, both husband and wife share all the responsibilities and obligations in the family, and it cannot be considered that taking care of the family and children is a natural responsibility of women. In the inheritance relationship, sons and daughters should be treated equally, and sons and daughters enjoy the same rights and bear the same obligations in family affairs, such as the right to inherit, be raised, and not be bought and sold, as well as the obligation to support parents and honor the elderly.
Source: Hainan Provincial Women's Federation Comprehensive Law University Graduate Student Legal Aid, Jiangmen Women