Hello everyone, I am your pen god.
Mainland culture is broad and profound, has a long history, there are many of our common words contain a lot of historical and cultural knowledge, today let's learn it with the pen god ~
People are overwhelmed by things, are they unable to calm down and do things?
What does the word "float" in the word "man floating in things" mean? Does it mean "floating" or "impetuous"?
The phrase "people floating in things" that we use now was originally written as "people floating in food", which comes from the Book of Rites and Fangs. Confucius said, "If a gentleman abdicates honor without prevarication from being lowly, and prevaricates from being rich but not from poverty, then the calamities will diminish and disappear." "Therefore, instead of making food float in people, gentlemen would rather make people float than eat." Here, floating means "more than", and food is "俸禄".
The whole sentence is to say: As a gentleman, instead of making your own merits and contributions beyond your personal talents and contributions, you would rather make your talents and contributions go beyond the ones you have received.
Therefore, the antecedents and consequences of "people floating on food" in the Book of Rites implies the humility of a gentleman and the restraint on himself, but now we use "people are superfluous" to indicate that there are too many people, exceeding the needs of actual work, which is actually a very literal meaning.
The father-in-law is called Tarzan, what is the mother-in-law called?
The father-in-law is called Tarzan, so does the mother-in-law have a corresponding title?
Ouyang Xiu said, "This person calls his wife and father-in-law the Prince-in-law, and Mount Tai has the peak of The Zhangren Peak. He also called his wife and mother Tai Shui, and did not know what book he had written. This shows that Ouyang Xiu had the saying that he called his mother-in-law "Tai Shui" at that time, but he was as knowledgeable as he was, and he didn't know where it came from.
At the turn of the two Song Dynasties, Zhuang Qi's "Chicken Rib Compilation" records: "The layman thinks that Mount Tai has a view of the people, so he calls his wife and mother as Tai Shui. Although the explanation is not clear, it can be seen that during the Song Dynasty, this title was already well known.
Hao Yixing, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, said in the "Proverbial Texts": "But calling your mother-in-law for Taishui is an unpretentious word of the Li people. That is, there are names for calling the mother-in-law "Taishui", but he is not clear about the allusions to this title.
Although we can't find the exact origin of the name Taishui now, at least since the Song Dynasty, we have called my mother-in-law Taishui.
Was the word naturally coined for music?
The saying of Tianlai comes from Zhuangzi. The "Theory of Qi" records that Nan Guo Ziqi and Yan Chengziyou "sat in hiding", and a dialogue between them discussing the earth, the people, and the heavens.
The two men talked about the sound of the wind from the mountains and rivers of the earth, and they described the earth with the sound of holes in the earth, described the people with the music played by the bamboo pipes, and described the heavens with the different sounds that all things can make, which is still different from today's music.
According to the "Sayings", the three holes are also called sheng, and the middle one is called sheng. As a wind instrument, the sound of a wind instrument is extended to the sound of an empty place.
Historically, Guo Xiang, Cheng Xuanying and others equated tianlai with human and earthly sounds, believing that tianlai was the sound of self-sounding in the natural state of heaven and earth. It is also believed that the three chambers are different. In modern times, there is a saying: the voice of the intentional person, the unintentional voice of the earth, and the silent voice of the natural person. The natural sound here has become the spiritual realm of "silence is better than sound".
The water of the Spring River is as green as blue, is "blue" blue?
The sunrise river flowers are red and the fire is better, and the spring river is as green as blue. This poem everyone can recite, so the meaning of the second sentence is that spring is coming, and the rivers are already green to blue? How can one color be used to describe another?
In fact, the "blue" here is not blue, but bluegrass. Bluegrass is a plant that can refine dyes, and its leaves can make indigo dye. For example, the ancient famous saying, blue out of blue and better than blue, this blue is bluegrass, also called indigo blue. Blue, or indigo, is extracted from the plant indigo, but it is greener than the color of indigo. Therefore, it is better to call blue out of blue than blue.
The use of bluegrass to refine dyes is a tradition that the ancients have continued for thousands of years, and the "Book of Poetry and Green Picking" says: "The end of the blue, not a full", picking bluegrass in the morning, lifting the placket dissatisfaction. Very graphic. Therefore, the sunrise river flowers are red and the fire is better, and the spring river water is as green as blue. Flowers to water, red to green, flame to indigo. Blue is bluegrass, not blue.
How cattle were the ancient cattle people?
The word cattle man is recorded in the Zhou Li, the Book of Poetry and other documents, and it is itself an official position established by the Zhou Dynasty.
According to the Zhou Li Di Guan chapter, the cattle people are in charge of raising the bulls of the country and waiting for the decrees of the country. It refers to the cattle of the cattle who are in charge of the country and directly obey the orders of the monarch.
The so-called "management of cattle and cattle for the sake of state sacrifices, guests, food, funerals" refers to the function of cattle people. The Zhou Li Di Guan also says: Niu Ren, two sergeants, four corporals, two Fu, four Shi, twenty Xu, and two hundred disciples. The cattle man also has so many assistants, which shows that this is a very important official position.
The primary function of cattle in early society was not to provide for human consumption, and even the killing of cattle was strictly prohibited at that time. For example, the "Book of Rites and The Royal System" has a record that "the princes do not kill cattle for no reason"; in addition, the high temptation of "Huainanzi" also mentions: The cattle, so the grain planter, the fate of the people, is forbidden to kill cattle according to the royal law, and the people are forbidden to kill.
Raw fish in the kettle, does it mean that fish grow in the pot?
"Raw fish in the kettle" describes the difficulties of life and the inability to open the pot. Literally, raw fish in a kettle means fish growing out of the pot.
So why are there fish growing in the pot, and there is still no food?
In fact, this idiom comes from the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty Fan Ran (character Shi Yun) did not want to be in league with the world, so he pushed the deer cart to carry his wife around, and finally built a thatched house more than ten years later, but often cut off food. The people of the same village could not look at him, so they laughed at him and said, "Fan Shiyun is born in the dust, and Fan Laiwu is born in the kettle." "Here Fan Laiwu also refers to Fan Ran, who was previously appointed as the head of Laiwu.
Koshiki is an ancient cooking utensil, and this song says: Fan Ran's family is covered with dust, and the pot grows fish. In fact, the fish here is short for silverfish. Silverfish is a kind of insect, also called cloth fish, bookworm, is a kind of moth. It is precisely because Fan Ran did not open the fire for a long time and did not open the pot, so the pot has become a place where silverfish appear.
Does "Lady" and "Lady" have anything to do with slimness?
"Lady, gentleman" is a gentleman who likes to pursue slim ladies? In fact, everyone is wrong.
This sentence is from the "Book of Poetry Guan Ju", is the word "窈窕" related to slimness? In the "Sayings", it is said, "Miao, far-reaching." Oh, deep.
Taken together, it derives the meaning of deep, quiet, and delicate. In "Guangyun", it is said that the good heart is known as the good heart, and the good color is known as the good color. The "Dialect" also says that the beautiful heart is the silk, and the beauty is the beautiful shape. That is to say, miao is inner beauty, miao is external beauty, and miao has nothing to do with slimness.
The so-called "lady" is a quiet and beautiful woman. "Good" here is an adjective, read three times.
"逑" is a noun that refers to a spouse. A good spouse is a good spouse. The whole sentence adds up to: "Such a delicate and beautiful girl, a good spouse of a gentleman." Therefore, "窈窕" refers to the beauty of the soul and the beauty of appearance, not only the meaning of good looks, but also the meaning of slimness. Accept yourself, who is a lady.
"Noodle friends", are you friends who eat noodles together?
In ancient times, there was a word to describe friends, called "face friends".
Face-to-face friends, in short, are superficial friends who do not make friends. The "noodles" here are not the noodles we use as food, but the surface. Yang Xiong, a scholar of the Western Han Dynasty, has a famous political treatise called "The Words of the Law", in which the "Xuexing Scroll" mentions: "Friends but not hearts, face friends also; friends but not hearts, face friends also." ”
Sima Guang has an explanation for this sentence: "Friends should ponder with sincerity and earnestness, and must not know what is right or wrong, but they are charming in appearance, living in groups, and eating and drinking." "That is to say, to make friends, you must make friends, you can't know that your friends are wrong but don't tell him, just be friendly on the surface, play and eat together." Such a wine and meat friend is not a real friend, but a superficial friend.
What secrets are hidden in the thunder pool that cannot be crossed?
The "thunder pool" of "not crossing the thunder pool one step" comes from the "Jin Shu Yu Liang Biography".
During the reign of Emperor Cheng of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Zhongshu Ling Yu Liang once held great power in the court, and some of his actions caused dissatisfaction among the courtiers, and the general Su Jun rebelled and directly attacked the capital Jiankang. At that time, Yu Liang's close friend Wen Yao was the governor of Jiangzhou, and after hearing about it, he was ready to send troops to rescue, but Yu Liang thought that the garrison in Jiangzhou was more important, and wrote to Wen Jiao: "I am worried that the western capital is too Liyang, and there is no step under the thunder pool." "There is not a big problem on my side, you still sit in Jiangzhou well, don't cross the Thunder Pond to the east."
From this, it is inferred that the minefield should be a place name. The popular theory is that Lei Chi refers to the ancient Lei Water, which is roughly a piece of water from Huangmei County in Hubei Province to the southeast of Wangjiang County in Anhui Province.
Going back to the origin of "not crossing the thunder pool one step", it was a mistaken military order that led to many adverse consequences. When we mention this idiom again today, in addition to not crossing certain boundaries and boundaries, we should also pay attention to the figurative meaning it uses to criticize rigid and conservative metaphors.
Bitter wine hurts in the throat, what is bitter wine?
Generally, when we describe wine, we will use words such as "strong", "spicy", "choking" and so on, so what kind of wine is "bitter wine"?
In ancient times, bitter wine was a wine with an inferior sour taste. In the "Interpretation of the Name and Interpretation of Diet", it is introduced that "bitter wine, pure poison and even bitterness." "Cù is sour. This means that the wine is brewed, the taste is sour, and it is called bitter wine. Wine and vinegar are both fermented from grain, and bitter wine is sour, which is reminiscent of vinegar.
In ancient times, bitter wine really had the meaning of vinegar. The Taiping Imperial Records quote Chen Shou of the Jin Dynasty's "Wei Mingchen Song": "Liu Fang played Yun: 'Now the officials sell bitter wine, and fight with the people for the end of the cone sword, it is advisable to put an end to it.'" "Bitter wine here means vinegar." The Taiping Imperial Records quote the Geographical Records of Wu Lu as saying: "King Wu built a city to store the city of xī (xī), which is now commonly known as the city of bitter wine. The sauce here is also vinegar. The Three Kingdoms of Eastern Wu also built a special city to store vinegar, commonly known as the City of Bitter Wine.