Waterproof "the place with the greatest risk of leakage" is often in the node part, and the "beautiful" waterproof project must have a "beautiful" node processing.
Jiangxi Ganzhou Vocational and Technical College project dormitory building
22 roofs, 13 corridors
Each roof is only 737 square meters, but it is distributed
55 pipes, 4 water drops, 6 flues, 15 equipment bases
The nodes are so complex, but TA's approach has won the unanimous approval of the five responsible entities (owner, general contractor, survey, design institute, supervisor).
TA is: Zhuobao "wici Waixi" waterproof insulation integration system.
As a new practice different from the traditional roof waterproofing and insulation separate construction, Zhuobao "wici Waixi" waterproof insulation integration system is how to do "node processing"? See the answer
Introduction to "Wai Xi"
"Wici Waixi" waterproof insulation integration system adopts the material of "Waixi Board" (that is, "Waterproof Insulation Integrated Plate"), which uses a one-time hot pressing composite molding process to "integrate" the waterproof membrane layer, thermal insulation core layer and base lining material with excellent performance, not only realizing "waterproof insulation 2 in 1", but also eliminating the channeling layer between the insulation layer and the base layer, the channeling layer between the insulation layer and the waterproof layer, even if the surface layer of waterproof membrane is damaged, leakage will not occur. This is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Construction effect of "outer hi board" structure + concrete roof
In the construction of concrete roofing, the "Waixi Board" adopts 5mm thick waterproof bonding mortar to be tightly bonded to the structural base layer, and the grass layer is fully bonded, the construction of the large surface is simple, the quality is easy to control, and the system has no channeling water layer, so the risk of leakage on the roof surface is extremely small. This is shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 2 The large surface of the "Waixi Plate" is mortar pasted with the plate
The node part because of the difficulty of construction, and the later easy to deform, is often a place with a large risk of leakage, so the "wici Waixi" waterproof insulation integration system has a set of standardized and scientific ways to carry out node processing, the following is a detailed description
Node processing
The following content begins with the nodal treatment of PVC on the concrete roof
First, the construction of the daughter wall node
Figure 3 Daughter wall node construction
01
The root of the daughter wall does not need to be chamfered or arced to avoid disobedience when the plate is paved. The shaded corner area is cleaned up, and then the double-sided self-adhesive waterproofing membrane is used as an additional layer. The additional layer of the coil is cement slurry and the base layer are bonded, the width of the façade and the plane is 250mm each, the width of the coil overlap is 80mm, and there must be no empty drum at the yin angle.
Figure 4 Construction of additional layers of daughter wall nodes
02
The surface separation film of the additional coil is torn off, and a layer of 200g polyethylene polyethylene polypropylene waterproofing membrane is applied on the façade as the isolation layer to avoid the reaction of the additional self-adhesive coil in contact with the upwardly turned PVC membrane.
03
The large surface base layer is sprayed with polymer cement waterproof coating, and then the 5mm thick waterproof bonding mortar is used to paste the plate, and the gap between the plate and the daughter wall is filled with waterproof bonding mortar.
04
Daughter wall sealing using PVC waterproof membrane turning up, the upper part of the PVC coil and the plate large surface membrane lap is not less than 120mm, and the use of hot air welding, the upper part of the membrane using special glue and daughter wall façade bonding, paste tightly to avoid empty drums, the height of the upturned from the roof completion surface is not less than 250mm.
Figure 5 Daughter wall node membrane turned up
05
The daughter wall coil closure is fixed with a press and sealed with a silicone weather-resistant sealant.
Fig. 6 Daughter wall node closure seal
Second, the construction and treatment of the pipeline node out of the roof
Roof pipe fittings are a very common node, but also a large leakage risk of the part, in order to avoid concrete shrinkage or pipe fittings disturbance caused by the pipe fittings around the waterproof layer detached and leakage, the part needs to use a reasonable treatment method, the specific approach is as follows.
Figure 7 Out of the roof pipe node construction
The root of the pipe is chiseled out of the V groove with a width of 3 cm and a depth of 3 cm, and the V groove is filled with a leak plugging king to seal the gap around the pipe root.
Fig. 8 Pipe root slotting
Clean the pipe root area, properly sprinkle water to wet, and then apply 2.0mm polymer cement waterproof coating, with non-woven fabric attached for strengthening treatment, brush width around the pipe root and the upper part of the pipe fittings are not less than 250mm.
The large panel material is laid to the pipe fitting, the plate is cut, the cutting hole range is 20mm wider than the outer diameter of the pipe, and the gap is filled with waterproof bonding mortar after the plate is pasted.
The pipe seal is wrapped in PVC coil, first clean the surface of the pipe wall with a steel brush, and then apply special adhesive glue to the pipe wall and the back of the coil, the PVC coil is closely pasted on the pipe wall, and the lower end is welded to weld the PVC coil and the plate surface coil into one.
The pipe closure is tightly tightened with stainless steel pipe hoops and sealed tightly with weather-resistant sealing gel.
Figure 9 Pipe node sealing
Third, the construction and treatment of the water drop node
As the structure of roof drainage, the water drop outlet is one of the nodes that must exist in the roof, the node is in contact with the water for a long time, and the disturbance during drainage is easy to cause the waterproof layer to be damaged or the mouth is detached, so it is a part with a great risk of leakage. The water drop port is divided into straight water drop mouth and horizontal water drop mouth according to different forms, which are described in detail below.
Construction treatment of straight water drop node
Fig. 10 Structure of straight water drop node
The level of the straight water outlet pipe is as flat as possible with the roof structure, which is convenient for the drainage of water from the roof area during construction.
A V-shaped groove of 30 mm wide and 30 mm deep is opened between the periphery of the water outlet pipe and the base layer, and is sealed with sealing materials such as plugging the leakage treasure.
Fig. 11 Sealing the leak king around the water drop
The periphery of the water drop mouth and the inner wall of the water drop mouth are cleaned, and then the 2.0mm polymer cement waterproof coating is applied for strengthening treatment, the brushing range is not less than 250mm, and the extension into the pipeline is not less than 50mm.
When the large panel material is paved to the water drop mouth, the plate is cut out of an opening that is suitable for the water drop, and after the plate is pasted, the water bonding mortar is smeared into a funnel shape at the cutting hole to facilitate the rainwater to enter the water drop.
The water drop mouth seal adopts PVC coil, the coil is welded into a cylinder, extended into the water drop mouth 200mm, the cylinder surface is coated with silicone weatherproof sealant and the inner wall of the water drop mouth is bonded, and a ring coil is supplemented at the surface of the water drop mouth to strengthen the lap part, and the upper part of the cylinder is firmly welded with the plane to strengthen the membrane.
Fig. 12 Paste the water drop mouth cylinder coil
Fig. 13 Welded seal of the water drop mouth coil
06
(6) When pouring the concrete protective layer, the slope within 500mm around the water drop mouth should not be less than 5%.
Horizontal water drop node construction treatment
The treatment of the daughter wall around the horizontal water drop mouth is consistent with the treatment method of the above daughter wall node, and the treatment method of the water drop mouth pipe nozzle is as follows.
Figure 14 Structure of horizontal water drop node
When the daughter wall is pasted with the additional layer of the self-adhesive coil, the self-adhesive coil is extended into the pipe nozzle at the horizontal water drop mouth as an additional layer of the water drop.
Fig. 15 Additional layer of horizontal water drop node
When the horizontal water drop part of the plate is constructed, the plate is cut out of a square, the size should be 250 mm wider than the diameter of the water drop, and the port is smeared with a plugged leak treasure into a rounded corner.
The water drop mouth seal adopts PVC coil, the coil is welded into a cylinder, reaching into the water drop mouth 200mm, the cylinder surface is coated with silicone weatherproof sealant and the inner wall of the water drop mouth is bonded, and a ring coil is supplemented at the surface of the water drop mouth to strengthen the lap part. One end of the pvc coil cylinder surface is welded with the plate surface coil/wall PVC coil to avoid rain backfilling.
Fig. 16 Sealing coil at the water drop outlet
Fig. 17 Horizontal water drop nodal coil welding seal
When pouring the concrete protective layer, the slope within 500mm around the water drop should not be less than 5%.
Fourth, the deformation joint construction treatment
In order to avoid deformation and cracking due to temperature changes, or deformation and cracking of the foundation due to uneven settlement, in some cases deformation joints (including expansion joints, settlement joints, and shock joints) are set up. The deformation seam itself is larger, several centimeters wide, or even wider, so the sealing difficulty of the seam is relatively large, and the deformation of the seam is very deformed in the later stage, and the membrane waterproof layer is easily cracked, so it is also crucial to take a reasonable sealing method. The deformation seam is divided into contour deformation joint and high and low span deformation seam according to different structures, and the specific treatment method is as follows.
Fig. 18 Contour deformation joint structure
The corner area of the deformation seam is cleaned up, and then the double-sided self-adhesive waterproof membrane is used as an additional layer. The additional layer of the coil is cement slurry and the base layer are bonded, the width of the façade and the plane is 250mm each, the width of the coil overlap is 80mm, and there must be no empty drum at the yin angle.
The large surface base layer is sprayed with polymer cement waterproof coating, and then the 5 mm thick waterproof bonding mortar is used to paste the plate, and the gap between the plate and the deformed seam wall is filled with waterproof bonding mortar.
The deformation seam is pre-filled with non-combustible insulation materials, and after the plate is paved, the PVC coil is fully glued to the flooded wall, and the deformation seam is covered (part of the covered coil curl is extended into the seam, and the deformation margin of the coil is reserved), and the lower end is welded to weld the PVC coil and the coil on the surface of the plate into one.
Fig. 19 Deformation seam coil covering
The upper part of the deformation seam is placed with a padding material, and then another layer of PVC coil is covered on it, and the closing point is welded with the PVC coil previously pasted.
Fig. 20 Deformation seam where the padding material is placed
Fig. 21 Deformation seam covered with coil weld seal
Contour deformation joints are topped with a snap concrete or metal cover.
Fig. 22 A buckled metal cover plate is applied to the top of the deformation seam
07
The high and low span deformation seams should be equipped with stainless steel metal clad water on the upper vertical wall of the deformation joint, as shown in Figure 22.
Fig. 23 Construction of high and low span deformation joints
Fifth, the equipment foundation / column node construction treatment
The construction of additional layers and the treatment of membrane closures at nodes such as roofing equipment foundations, columns and concrete flues are similar to those of daughter wall nodes, with coil closures on the side walls of nodes. The equipment foundation should be cast-in-place concrete structure, for high equipment foundations, the height of the upturned coil closing is not less than 250mm on the roof completion surface;
For low device foundations, the coil closure is at the top of the base sidewall.
Figure 24 Equipment base/column node construction
The coil seal of the equipment foundation generally does not cover the top of the foundation, because if the all-inclusive way is used for sealing, it is easy to destroy the original waterproof layer when the equipment is installed on the basis of the equipment in the later stage, resulting in leakage hazards, and at this time, the waterproof construction unit has withdrawn, and it is difficult to repair the damaged point.
Figure 25 Equipment foundation node construction drawing
The node part of the roof is not only a place where waterproofing is prone to problems, but also a place where the roof structure is prone to defects, and when the waterproof layer is damaged in this part, the water will directly enter the indoor leakage through structural defects through structural defects, so the construction treatment of the node is crucial.
Zhuobao "wici Waixi" waterproof insulation integration system as an innovative solution, not only one-stop solution to the two major problems of waterproof insulation, but also greatly simplified the structural level, reduced the cross-operation in the construction process, saving the construction period and the comprehensive cost of the project have advantages. Launched on the market for 8 years, its application quality has been widely verified by the project, I hope that the above roof node practice can provide some inspiration and reference for the industry when doing roof waterproofing.