#Recommend a book every day ##我推荐的书 #
Chapter 9 The Flood and China
In The Ninth Chapter of Attack on Homo sapiens, Hesenberg says,
In 1982, during a cultural relics census, scholars discovered a site near Xialajia Village in the Guanting Basin of Minhe County in eastern Qinghai Province, which was also named the Lajia Site according to the naming conventions of archaeology.
According to the dating results of carbon-14, the site dates back about 4,000 years, and it has another well-known name, "Pompeii of the East".
It is said that there are many details and clues that indicate that this site was suddenly destroyed one day in ancient times, and after investigation, it was proved that the people of the Lajia ruins suffered an earthquake with a strength of 6 to 7 magnitude, and the sudden collapse of the house buried all the residents alive, and the Lajia ruins were also reduced to rubble in this earthquake. Not long after, a great flood swept in, and when the flood receded, the sedimented red clay not only filled the cracks caused by the earthquake, but also wrapped the bones under the ruins.
But this is not the largest flood in history, the largest in history, and probably the largest since the Earth entered the Holocene, which actually occurred about 4,000 years ago. (There should be a surprised inhalation sound like wow)
Hesenberg continues that about 4,000 years ago, the great earthquake that destroyed the Lajia site had another impact, that is, in the Jishi Gorge, 25 kilometers upstream of the Lajia site, the rocks and mud that rolled down because of the earthquake blocked the course of the Yellow River, and a natural giant dammed lake was formed.
Judging from the investigation of scholars in the ruins of the dammed lake, in the next 6 months to 9 months, the Yellow River continued to accumulate its own energy behind the dam.
According to a paper published in the journal Science by Dr. Wu Qinglong and his team, the dammed lake at that time made the water level of the Yellow River after it probably be 240 meters higher than today.
The roofless dam finally collapsed, and 15.8 cubic kilometres of floodwater roared down, engulfing almost 2,000 kilometres downstream. It is speculated that the peak of this flood can reach 35,000 cubic meters per second, which is not only far more than the peak of the "75.8 flood", but also its flow is equivalent to more than 3 times that of the mega flood once encountered in 10,000 years, and when the peak of the flood passes by the Lajia site, the water depth can reach 22.49 meters, exceeding the height of the site by nearly 1.5 meters, which is fully equipped with the possibility of submerging the site.
Super likes the passage he wrote below, "Fighting with the Yellow River, which has accumulated deep strength, it is absolutely impossible to rely on one person or a small number of people alone, and in the case of the extreme shortage of labor in primitive society, the only way to cope with the catastrophe and alleviate the crisis is to coordinate the human organization as much as possible and maximize the synergy between people, because the unorganized and undisciplined rabble is of no help to the crisis." ”
Not only is there an extreme shortage of labor in primitive society, but even in this world, maximizing the synergy between people is the first thing to accomplish and solve problems, isn't it?
But the most interesting problem is precisely that even if we know that win-win cooperation is better than going it alone, when it comes to things, once each self-righteous big head plays its own shrewd little calculation, the four words of the rabble are the best and most suitable hats, right?!
Chapter 10: The Murder and Martyrdom of Yin Shang
Those who are interested can study the "American psychologist Skinner" mentioned in the book. F. Skinner, a generation of psychology gurus and a benchmark figure in behaviorism, published a highly publicized paper in 1948 to explain how pigeons become superstitious in experimental settings. "That paper.
And the corresponding superstitious behaviors mentioned in the book, such as, "The left eyelid jump is wealth, and the right eyelid jump is a disaster." For example, "Worship this guanyin statue to get pregnant." For example, "Don't go under the ladder or you'll be out of luck." ”
He summed it up this way, "These human views and the dove's circle dance for food are essentially the same, and the forced causal relationship between two successive events is the essence of superstition." ”
Therefore, when the superstitious behavior in history "resonates" with other factors, barbaric and cruel cultural habits may be formed. For example, the Shang Dynasty used living sacrifices.
It is possible that after the Shang Dynasty people burned a person to death, it happened to rain and the long-drought field was moistened, then the Shang Dynasty people would be like pigeons, establishing a causal connection between burning people and raining, two unrelated things, and gradually forming superstitions.
At the same time, the sacrifice of the living will reduce some of the population, whether it is the natives or the captured captives, which will reduce the consumption of food, and the pressure on the population will be weakened, just in response to the dilemma of insufficient food, so this cruel behavior can be continuously strengthened and solidified by the random rewards that come through the screening of the scarce environment.
Therefore, he believes that the essence of the sacrifice of the living is a superstitious behavior that is screened out in a state of scarcity, and then solidified and reinforced by random reward events.
Therefore, when the Zhou Dynasty's allied forces were suppressing the territory, the illusory ghosts and gods did not come out to bless the cruel Yin Shang and the equally brutal King Gong, and it was only natural that they would be destroyed.
In this chapter, the most interesting thing is to put together the human superstition and the circle dance of the pigeons in order to feed, the discussion is essentially the same, it really makes people laugh, we are good at forcing the causal relationship between the two things that have happened in succession, no different from the pigeon, isn't this the most interesting thing in itself?!
That said, a few days ago I read a public document, just mentioned the superstition of a new generation of young people, I am not a high-ranking ridicule, but it does not matter if you occasionally seek peace of mind, but if you are too dependent, so that you spend a lot of money to feed one after another god stick, is not it still no different from leeks, being cut and cutting, which statement will make you more comfortable?
