In December 1949, the Chairman of the Kuomintang Yunnan Province officially broke away from the Nationalist government and declared an uprising, while detaining some of the Kuomintang generals and troops. At that time, some nationalist troops were besieging Kunming, and Lu Han released the nationalist generals Yu Chengwan and Li Mi to relieve the threat of Kunming.
After Li Mi returned to the army, he believed that Luhan had revolted and that the People's Liberation Army would arrive in Kunming in the near future, and that his own strength would not play any role, so he led his 93rd Division to withdraw to the Golden Triangle region on the border of Burma, Thailand and Laos.
At that time, Li Mi only had one 93rd Division in his hands, and since Kunming had been liberated, they did not know when they would be able to return, so many officers and soldiers fled with their families. When this force reached the Golden Triangle region, it had a size of seven or eight thousand.
The 93rd Division, once part of the Chinese Expeditionary Force, was no stranger to Burma, but now they returned as a invaders by the Burmese government. The Burmese government ordered them to leave immediately or use force.
At this time, at 93:00, he had just arrived at this desolate place and landed, but he was about to be expelled by the Burmese government army, and Li Mi was greatly enraged, and the commander of the grand national army regiment was bullied everywhere, and even the Burmese looked down on us. So Li Mi gathered his troops and decided to fight the Burmese to the death.
Burma had just completed formal unification, but was still in a state of disintegration, and their weapons and equipment and the quality of their soldiers were extremely poor.
As soon as Li Mi led the remnants of the 93rd Division to fight with the government troops sent by Burma, they found that the combat effectiveness of the opposing army was extremely poor, and they were not vulnerable at all.
Seeing this situation, Li Mi was relieved and bold to set up camp in the Golden Triangle, and since then the remnants of this nationalist army have taken root and sprouted here, becoming a powerful military force in the northern region of Myanmar.
When Chiang Kai-shek heard that there was still a remnant of Li Mi in Burma, he beat the Burmese to the point of and, and was overjoyed, and praised Li Mi greatly, ordering him to set up the Yunnan Anti-Communist National Salvation Army in the Golden Triangle and counterattack the mainland in Taiwan at any time.
And the CIA also attaches great importance to this armed force, seeing it as an important stronghold on the Indochina Peninsula. Chiang Kai-shek and the CIA sent a large number of weapons, ammunition and materials to the 93rd Division through various channels, making this unit more and more powerful.
This unit not only posed a huge threat to Burma, but also invaded the territory of Yunnan several times, causing huge losses to the military and civilians on our border, and was later repelled by our border guards.
In January 1960, Burmese Prime Minister U Nu visited Beijing and signed a treaty with our government in Beijing confirming the border between the two countries. Since then, the issue of the border between China and Myanmar has been resolved, but there is still a thorny issue that needs to be jointly resolved by China and Myanmar.
That is the remnants of the Nationalist 93rd Division, which is entrenched in northern Burma, and this armed force is not small, but it is not big. They are not a great threat to our country, but the Burmese government forces cannot defeat them, so U Nu means to ask China to send troops to assist the Burmese government forces in eliminating this armed force.
After in-depth study and discussion by the Central Military Commission, it is believed that it is very necessary to join hands with Myanmar to eliminate the remnants of Li Mi, and the Myanmar government has already made an invitation, and it is justified that we have sent troops abroad.
However, the Burmese side has also put forward another demand, that is, our army must not enter the territory of Myanmar for more than 20 kilometers. It is also a reflection of the Fear of the Government of Myanmar towards our country.
This fear was widespread at that time, and after the end of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, all countries in the world truly realized that the Chinese army had strong combat effectiveness. Except for Russia and India, most of the people around our country are small countries, so they are very worried that we will suddenly send troops to invade them.
Moreover, at that time, the Western camp controlled world public opinion and described our country as an evil country that liked to bully and invade others at any time, so it caused a lot of pressure on our neighbors.
At the beginning of the founding of New China, almost every neighboring country with whom we had established diplomatic relations expressed this concern, although Premier Zhou Enlai and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs repeatedly declared to them that China was a peace-loving country and would never invade other people's countries. But the huge gap in power still makes these countries unable to get rid of this fear.
At this time, the commander-in-chief of the 93rd Division was no longer Li Mi, who withdrew to Taiwan in 1954 at the call of Chiang Kai-shek. At this time, the person in charge was Chiang Kai-shek's student, Liu Yuanlin of the Huangpu IV Period, who was also a general of the Nationalist Army who had experienced hundreds of battles.
Under his leadership, the 93rd Division continued to expand its size and further strengthened, and it was precisely because of the rapid development of Liu Yuanlin's army that the Burmese government army felt a great threat.
The Burmese side has repeatedly gathered heavy troops to attack northern Myanmar, and even borrowed the main force from India to operate jointly. As a result, he was beaten by Liu Yuanlin and abandoned his armor, and won successive big victories, which made Liu Yuanlin even more arrogant and his power territory expanded.
The 93rd Division's presence in the Golden Triangle not only seriously disrupted the order of the border, but also participated in drug trafficking and oppressed local villages, becoming a major cancer in northern Myanmar.
After in-depth communication, in November 1960, the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission decided to send troops into Burma to cooperate with the Burmese side in clearing out and suppressing the remnants of the Kuomintang.
In fact, long before the Central Military Commission issued the order, the Kunming Military Region had already received a notice and made preparations in advance. In this operation into Burma, our army secretly transferred more than 5 regiments of troops from the 39th Division and the border defense force, covertly entered the predetermined assembly area in the northern Region of Burma, and then divided the troops to advance according to the requirements.
Due to the complex terrain of the Golden Triangle region, Liu Yuanlin deployed his troops in 16 areas, each of which was a centralized stronghold. In order to quickly annihilate this enemy force, our army divided into 22 rapid reaction units and launched an attack on 16 enemy positions.
Before the troops set out, Chairman Mao also sent a telegram to the commanders of the front line, telling the commanders of the front line that the police operation must not cross the red line this time, and whoever crosses the line will kill their heads. Chairman Mao rarely used such a harsh tone, which can also be seen in the importance of this red line.
Although the Burmese side has repeatedly urged our country to send troops as soon as possible, they themselves have not been prepared. When our army began to enter the northern region of Burma, the Burmese government army was still slowly preparing for the rear.
Based on a battle plan drawn up in consultation with the Burmese government forces, the attack was launched on November 22, 1960. Just before the troops left, the Central Military Commission sent a telegram to the General Staff.
Chairman Mao believed that the Burmese government army had planned to be responsible for the operations south of the red line, but at present, the Burmese government army was obviously undermanned in this area, and they were not opponents of the Nationalist army in the first place.
If our army is unable to destroy the main force of the enemy army within a narrow depth of 20 kilometers, then the Burmese government army is bound to suffer great pressure and may not be able to withstand the onslaught of the Kuomintang army.
After receiving the telegram from the Central Military Commission, General Qin Jiwei, the commander-in-chief of the front line, immediately contacted the Burmese front command, told them about our concerns, and asked them whether they had stepped up their vigilance.
The Burmese side said they were ready to deal with a force of routs. In fact, the Burmese side only deployed conventional troops south of the red line, and they did not think that after the battle began, the national army would immediately flee south.
In their impression, this Kuomintang force was very strong in combat, and even if the troops sent by the Chinese side had the advantage of scale, the two sides would certainly engage in a long-term fierce battle in the Golden Triangle region. Therefore, the main Burmese forces had enough time to prepare, and would launch an attack on the remnants of the Nationalists when the two sides were attrition, completely eliminating them.
Moreover, at that time, the Chinese army was bound to suffer heavy casualties and did not have enough strength to continue south.
Burmese and Indians are similar, and there is a kind of confidence in their bones, and they are convinced of their own judgment.
After Qin Jiwei received such a reply, he could only shake his head helplessly, and could only order the troops to enter the northern Burmese region according to the original plan and quickly advance towards the predetermined assembly area.
Although our army made adequate preparations in advance, the terrain in the northern part of Myanmar was complex, the mountains were densely forested, and communication was not smooth, resulting in the loss of contact between some troops. The attack was planned to be launched at the same time as the morning, but some troops did not receive orders until the evening, causing some of the enemy to flee in advance.
Liu Yuanlin had also received news that the People's Liberation Army might send troops to northern Myanmar, but he did not think so, because this kind of news has existed for many years, but it has never happened.
Therefore, the Kuomintang troops in the Golden Triangle did not raise their vigilance, and when our army launched an attack, some strongholds panicked and fled directly. Some large strongholds believe that the Burmese government troops have come to die again, so they engaged in fierce battles with our army, and it was not until later that they found out that it was the main force of the People's Liberation Army.
Liu Yuanlin was known as an expert in guerrilla warfare in the Kuomintang military system, and it was precisely because Chiang Kai-shek saw his expertise that he sent him to parachute into northern Burma.
Liu Yuanlin took advantage of the complex terrain of the Golden Triangle region and gave full play to his strengths, building a large number of hidden fortifications here. And through years of fighting with the Burmese government forces, this unit is not only very familiar with the Golden Triangle region, able to skillfully shuttle between complex jungle mountains, but also very experienced in combat, not in danger.
Since our army carried out a blitzkrieg operation against Liu Yuanlin's troops, it required the troops to march in a hurry, and they were not familiar with the local terrain and landforms. After our army launched an onslaught on the enemy's positions, the enemy quickly fled, and our army took advantage of the situation to pursue, but in the process of pursuing, the enemy counterattacked our army through the previously hidden fortifications and bunkers.
Guerrilla warfare was originally what our army was good at, but it was mastered by Liu Yuanlin in this place, causing huge casualties to our army. However, our army did not stop the pace of pursuit because of this, and after a brief obstruction, the soldiers of our army carried forward the fine style of not being afraid of sacrifice and difficulties, strengthened their offensive firepower, and crushed the enemy hidden in the dense forests of the mountains.
At that time, our army had been fully equipped with Type 56 semi-automatic rifles and Type 56 submachine guns, and the firepower was greatly strengthened, and the weapons in the hands of the enemy did not take long to resist and fled south.
Our army launched an attack on November 22, and in the early morning of the next day, we pulled out all 16 strongholds within a depth of 20 kilometers, killing more than 100 enemy troops and capturing more than 100 prisoners.
The depth of 20 kilometers was too narrow, and the enemy frantically fled south, quickly crossing the red line. Since the pre-war commander gave repeated orders and warned the soldiers that they must not cross the red line, the soldiers of our army chased after the red line and then stationed themselves in place and did not move forward.
The sphere of influence of this part of the Kuomintang remnants in northern Burma is very large, and the overall area exceeds that of Taiwan Island, and the range of 20 kilometers south of China's border is only their most concentrated forward position.
In the deep area of northern Burma, they also had many rear bases, and Liu Yuanlin soon found that the PLA had stopped pursuing at a distance of about 20 kilometers.
He immediately understood that this was the scope of the agreement between the Chinese side and Burma, and the Platon Army could not easily cross the line, so he relaxed his mind and ordered the troops to enter the rear base area to rest.
There were originally Burmese government defenders in the area south of the 20-kilometer red line, but there were not many of them, and they did not expect that as soon as the battle began, the Nationalist troops that had beaten them to the ground were swept across the red line by the People's Liberation Army.
The Burmese army hurriedly blocked the attack, and as a result, Liu Yuanlin's troops easily defeated them with a single charge. The gang ran back to report that the Nationalist army had been defeated and withdrawn to the south of the red line.
The Burmese government was shocked to hear this news, didn't the Ministry of Defense say that this battle would be fought for several months? How did it get beaten to the south by the People's Liberation Army at the beginning, I had heard that the People's Liberation Army was stronger than the Kuomintang army, but I never expected it to be so powerful.
Wu Nu urgently ordered the government forces to step up their preparations and send troops to northern Burma as soon as possible to suppress the remnants of the fleeing Kuomintang.
After a concerted and intense preparation by the Burmese government, the Burmese government forces were finally ready more than a month later, when the spring of the following year arrived.
The Burmese Ministry of National Defense mobilized a large corps, and a total of 9 battalions of troops marched towards the liu yuanlin garrison in northern Myanmar. The coordinated action of the Burmese government army has finally begun, and at this time our army has been stationed in the 20-kilometer depth area of northern Myanmar for more than a month, and it has begun to prepare for the New Year!
After more than a month of rest, Liu Yuanlin has also recharged his batteries and is waiting for the Burmese government army to send him to the door. Liu Yuanlin has been operating in Myanmar for many years, and the Myanmar government has its own eyeline, and he knows every move of the government army. Therefore, he deliberately expanded the camp with great fanfare and lured the government army to come and suppress it.
Liu Yuanlin did have a set of guerrilla warfare, and the Burmese government army really couldn't do it, Liu Yuanlin showed flaws, they didn't even have the slightest doubt, and they just swung into the trap of others.
Liu Yuanlin sent a small force to engage the government army in the front, and as soon as it came into contact, he pretended to be defeated and retreated while fighting. The Burmese government troops simply did not remember the lessons of being hanged by the Kuomintang troops over the years, and even thought that their combat effectiveness had been greatly enhanced, so they pursued all the way, and all the large troops chased together.
As a result, it was taken by Liu Yuanlin's bait to the deep canyon between Wang Nankun and Manglin. Liu Yuanlin had already ambushed heavy troops on both sides and launched a fierce attack on the more than 10,000 Burmese troops.
The Burmese army found that it had been ambushed and wanted to break through, but it was not an opponent of the national army at all, and at this time it finally revealed its original form and suffered heavy losses.
After the Burmese army suffered a heavy defeat, they found a high ground here, and the turtles cowered in it and did not dare to come out. While they were on the defensive, they urgently appealed to the government for help.
For the Burmese government, these more than 10,000 troops are almost all of their families, such a large-scale corps can not defeat the Kuomintang army, and this guard battalion in the capital is simply not enough for people to plug their teeth.
At this time, Wu Nu was already an ant on the hot pot, and he was in a hurry, so he had no choice but to ask the Chinese troops to go south as soon as possible to rescue the government troops.
After Qin Jiwei received a telegram from Myanmar asking for help, he immediately reported it to the Central Military Commission. This matter is of great importance, and our army cannot rush to cross the red line, and must communicate with the Burmese side to confirm that it can only send troops.
After receiving such a reply, the Burmese side was almost remorseful, and it was it itself who insisted that the Chinese army should not exceed 20 kilometers in depth. But now I can only ask people to hurry south, don't care about any red lines, those are not counted.
The Chinese side believes that changing the prior agreement requires some procedures and some paper documents that need to be implemented. But the Burmese government forces could not wait, and after a while, their food and ammunition would run out, and by then the whole army would be wiped out.
Burmese Prime Minister U Nu personally called Zhou Enlai and urgently requested China to send troops south as soon as possible, and on the issue of the red line, the Burmese side promised that it would never cause any trouble because of this issue afterwards, and all documents were prepared and sent directly to Beijing immediately. These procedures can be slowly replenished, and the rescue of troops is already 100,000 urgent.
The Central Military Commission has analyzed the situation of the Burmese government forces, at this time they are indeed in trouble, and this force is the main defense force in Myanmar, and if eliminated, Myanmar is likely to fall into a state of chaos again. Since the Burmese side has officially lifted the red line restrictions, we will send troops as soon as possible to rescue the Myanmar army.
At the same time, the Central Military Commission also warned the front-line command headquarters to learn the lessons of the last offensive, beware of ambushes set up by the enemy in the high mountains and dense forests, and not to take the enemy lightly into the offensive.
In addition, the General Staff once again emphasized operational discipline to the in-depth combat troops, demanding that they resolutely abide by discipline, not to harass the people, and not to clash with local civilians.
On January 22, 1961, Premier Zhou approved the order for the troops to go south to rescue, and Qin Jiwei immediately ordered more than 6,000 people who were already ready to enter Burma to fight in burma, and quickly went south to rescue the Burmese government troops and attack Liu Yuanlin's old lair.
Qin Jiwei had been paying close attention to the situation south of the red line, and liu Yuanlin's troop deployment had also been clearly investigated. Therefore, the plan for sending troops this time has long been finalized, and our army will divide its troops into 8 roads and advance rapidly in a vast area of more than 300 kilometers wide from north to south and a depth of more than 100 kilometers.
The first unit of our army will quickly assemble at the bottom of the valley between Wang Nankun and Manglin, attack the positions of Liu Yuanlin's troops, and cooperate with the Burmese government army to cooperate with the outside world to crush the Kuomintang army.
Several other troops, from different directions, headed towards the core of the Golden Triangle region, which was also the home of Liu Yuanlin's troops, Meng Pa, to launch a surprise attack to try to eliminate Liu Yuanlin's troops in one fell swoop.
The breakthrough of our army on the southern front was surprisingly smooth, and there was not much resistance, and there was no enemy ambush in the dense forest. This is because Liu Yuanlin believes that the People's Liberation Army will definitely stick to its promise and dare not cross the line, so he dares to mobilize the main force to besiege the Burmese government army with great fanfare.
When the outpost reported that the PLA had sent a large number of troops south, Liu Yuanlin did not believe it at all, he thought that it was a little reinforcement sent from the Burmese government army from nowhere, and the attack from behind made them mistakenly believe that it was the PLA.
Knowing that Taiwan's intelligence department had sent him an urgent telegram confirming that the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China had ordered the Platon Army stationed in Burma to cross the line to the south, he believed that the PLA had really called.
Before our army's troops had arrived at the assembly area, Liu Yuanlin rushed into Laos with his headquarters in a rubber boat along the Mekong River.
When the main forces besieging the Burmese government forces received the news, they also immediately withdrew their troops and fled from the road into the dense forests of Laos and Thailand.
The siege of burmese government forces was immediately lifted, but the task of eliminating the remnants of the Nationalist forces could not be completed, because the Central Military Commission had issued a strict ban on entry into Laos and Thailand.
The Burmese government was overjoyed and expressed its great gratitude to the People's Liberation Army, and with the assistance of our army, the Burmese government army recovered the northern region of Myanmar. On February 9, according to the orders of the Central Military Commission, the People's Liberation Army into Burma withdrew all of them to the country, and the victory class division!
However, this remnant of this force has not been eliminated, but it has left a big problem for the Northern Golden Triangle region of Myanmar. Shortly thereafter, Liu Yuanlin was recalled to Taiwan by Chiang Kai-shek, and was succeeded by Duan Xiwen of the 93rd Division to continue leading the remnants of his forces in the Golden Triangle.
Duan Xiwen later saw through Chiang Kai-shek's deception, and they did not want to go to Taiwan, nor did they want to continue to live in the Golden Triangle. The Thai government believes that the combat effectiveness of this part of the people is strong, it is difficult to forcibly suppress them, and if they do not take this opportunity to recruit security, they will become a major disaster in the future.
The two sides reached an agreement, and Duan Xiwen led his troops to surrender to Thailand, which gave them legal citizenship and placed them in the Maesara region of Chiang Mai, Thailand. However, Duan Xiwen's ministry was not disbanded on the spot, but cooperated with the Thai military and police to maintain local stability.
Duan Xiwen's surrender to Thailand was only a stopgap measure, and they still wanted to return to their motherland in their hearts, but the situation caused by historical reasons was difficult to change for a while. The descendants of the nationalist army in the Mesler area always want to return to their homeland and become a legitimate citizen with Chinese nationality.
In The Meisler and Golden Triangle regions, four large Chinese characters "return my nationality" can often be seen in public, and many residents there have the words "return my nationality" engraved on their doors. The descendants of these national soldiers have inherited a dream for generations, and one day they will return to the motherland and become a Chinese with Chinese nationality again!
Later, a small number of people colluded with local forces and drug dealers to return to the Golden Triangle and establish their own base areas, although they did not recover their vitality, they gradually developed into the world's largest poppy cultivation base, and exported a large number of drugs to China and Southeast Asia every year, causing great harm.
The 1960 invasion of Burma to eliminate the Golden Triangle is rarely mentioned in history that many people do not know about this history, but this small-scale battle laid a solid foundation for the long-term stability of northern Myanmar and the Golden Triangle region!
I am the Phantom of Shi Hai, and I am following me to praise history.