In this issue of the "Science of Cinematography" series of activities, let's watch the special effects 4D film "The Adventures of the Bird" of the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Museum. Created by a well-known Hollywood animation team, the film takes the story of Falcon Kay's search for the bird paradise "Zambecia" and strives to become the guardian of the park "Hurricane" as the main line, through Kay's relationship with various birds in the park, showing the African people's yearning and pursuit of peace. The cute birds in the movie "The Adventures of the Birds" show the original imagination of the film's animation designers in paper form. At the beginning of the design, the shape, height and wing length of each bird were repeatedly compared by the designers, and the standard image more suitable for the animation form was extracted through the actual data, so that the birds in the film could distinguish their identity and status through morphological changes, even if they were of the same kind.
Kay is a young and handsome falcon who grew up under the careful care of his father and learned many skills. By chance, Kay heard that outside the Katun Valley, there was a place called Zambezia, the ideal paradise for birds. So, despite his father's objections, Kay insisted on going to Zambezia to realize his dream. Arriving at the fabled Holy Land, Kay meets his friend Iri and the chieftain's daughter, Zoe.
In the elite selection, Kay stood out among many masters and became the coveted "hurricane". Previously, the evil dragon lizard Berthier was secretly colluding with Malibu's men in an attempt to occupy Zambecia. Ted, who had come to look for his son, passed by and was arrested. On the night of the Chinese New Year celebrations in Zamsibia, Malibu's men quietly sneaked in and took the opportunity to snatch a large number of young birds. Because of his own initiative, he searched for the whereabouts of the young birds alone, so that Kay was kicked out of the team. Sad, Kay wants to leave Zambezia. By this time, Berthe and his team had arrived in Zambezia, and the danger was imminent. At this critical moment, the chief had to tell Kay the long-buried secret, hoping that he would stay. In the end, Kay agreed to the chief's request and spent time with everyone. A thrilling contest is about to begin.
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Why do birds fly?
In the long evolution of birds, the structure of the body's bones, muscles, breathing, digestion, excretion, reproduction and other organ functions tends to lose weight and enhance the ability to fly. First of all, the outside of the bird's body is covered with feathers, which not only have a warm effect, but also make the bird's appearance streamlined, with the least resistance when moving in the air, which is conducive to flying. When flying, the two wings continue to flap up and down, encouraging the air flow, and a huge downward pressure resistance will occur, so that the bird body will fly forward rapidly.
What is the difference between the principle of airplane and bird flight?
More than a hundred years ago, the Wright brothers lay on the lawn looking up at the sky, saw the birds flying in the sky and were suddenly inspired to make the first airplane in human history, although it only flew for more than thirty meters, but this was a major progress in human history. However, don't be misled by the Wright brothers, although the plane we are on now looks like a bird, but the principle of the plane taking off and the principle of the bird flying is not the same thing.
We've all seen birds take off, and by vibrating their wings in place, they can fly straight up. Because birds flap their wings to make the air flow to the back and bottom of the body, so that the air behind gives the body a reaction force, thus generating an upward force. When the lift exceeds the weight of the bird, the bird takes off.
The plane is different, not only the weight is much heavier than the bird, the take-off principle is also completely different. But like the birds, the main thing about the plane taking off is to rely on two wings that look like the wings of the birds. Yes, you heard it right, just such a thin two-piece wing can make dozens of tons of aircraft fly into the sky, and the most important thing is to cleverly use the "Bernoulli Principle". (When a fluid such as a liquid and a gas is flowing, the faster the flow speed, the smaller the pressure, and the slower the flow rate, the greater the pressure.)
When we cut out the cross-section of the wing, we can see that the upper surface of the wing is curved more than the lower surface. When the aircraft take-off air flow through the wing, the air in the leading edge is divided into two parts, respectively from the wing, the lower two surfaces flow through, in the same time, the air flowing through the upper surface of the distance is far than the air flowing through the lower surface, so the air flow speed on the upper surface is faster than the air on the lower surface, which produces a pressure difference, the faster the aircraft speed, the greater the pressure difference, when accelerated to a certain extent, the pressure difference is greater than the gravity of the aircraft, the aircraft naturally "fly". Usually when we fly, the plane first accelerates on the runway and then takes off, which is the principle. And from the take-off conditions, the aircraft take-off is best to be headwind, the next time when there is a small partner to take the plane to say a "headwind" wind, because the "downwind" wind can not fly.
Not only airplanes, in fact, the "Bernoulli Principle" is widely used in our daily life, such as watering cans, "banana balls" (arc balls) in football games, etc., all because of the role of "Bernoulli". But sometimes the Bernoulli Principle can also be harmful to us. On the subway platform we are asked to stand outside the one-meter yellow line, because of the "Bernoulli phenomenon". The subway is driving at high speed, and the faster the air flow between people and the subway, the less pressure there is, and the pressure behind the person is normal. Therefore, the two pressures before and after form a strong pressure difference, which makes people feel a thrust behind them pushing people to the subway, if too close to the subway can easily cause injury. So the next time we wait for the subway, we must stand at a safe distance.
Part of the content source: Popular Science Times
Source: Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Museum Exhibition Ministry of Education