Jiangsu Province 2021~2022 academic year semester first semester final research exam senior two language questions and answers

Language test questions

I. Modern Reading (35 points)

(1) Modern Reading I (This question has a total of 5 sub-questions, 19 points)

Read the text below to complete questions 1 to 5.

Material 1

The mainstream of modern Chinese aesthetics is Marxist aesthetics, and to talk about aesthetics without this realistic examination will be an escape and cowardice.

To this day, in terms of form, Marxist aesthetics is mainly an art theory, especially the theory of the sociology of art. Marx and Engels talked about realism, on Goth, on LaSalle's tragedy, on "The City Girl" and "The Secret of Paris", and mentioned Shakespeare, Balzac, Dickens, and so on, mainly about the issue of art. To Lenin's "The Organization of the Party and the Literature of the Party", to Tolstoy's famous treatise, to Mao Zedong, this is still the case and continues to develop. Even lukács attached great importance to aesthetic characteristics, but still based on the relationship between literature and art and society. The art theory of Marxist aesthetics has a consistent basic feature, that is, it takes the social effect of art as the core or theme. This social effect is often considered, measured, estimated and commented upon in connection with the revolutionary cause of the proletariat and the critical spirit advocated by Marxism. Marxism requires proletarian art to play a revolutionary role, emphasizing the effect, function, role and significance of art on society. Until now, we say that art is the superstructure, that art is a reflection of social life and that it reacts to society, that art serves the people and socialism, and so on, all of which are still centered on the relationship between the effects of art on society. Therefore, Marxist aesthetics is mainly a theory that talks about the utilitarian relationship between art and society, and is a kind of social utilitarian theory of art.

Western modern and contemporary aesthetics are mainly psychologically speaking of art, and they often emphasize the non-social utilitarian aesthetic characteristics of art. Like the famous Bulo's "distance theory", it requires aesthetics to maintain a super-utilitarian psychological distance. This theory is now familiar to everyone.

Interestingly, the Marxist Gramsci also proposed a "distance theory" as well. His "distance theory" is exactly the opposite of Bulow, who believes that although art is art and cannot impose anything on it from the outside, we must not revel in aesthetics when appreciating art, and we must maintain a certain distance in order to stand on the stand of safeguarding social civilization and adopt a cultural critical attitude. Therefore, his "distance theory" precisely emphasizes that it is necessary to maintain a certain distance from pure aesthetic appreciation. In fact, this is also to make art serve reality, to view and treat the art of the past with a critical eye and to create the art of the new people and the proletariat. It can be seen that these two kinds of "distance theory" each emphasize two different aspects, one emphasizes the aesthetic psychological characteristics of supersocial utilitarianism, the other emphasizes the close connection between the aesthetics of art and social utilitarianism, or emphasizes that in addition to aesthetics, art has the role and function of social politics and culture.

When Mao Zedong put forward the two standards of literature and art, such as political standards and artistic standards, this view was developed to a new height in the form of prominent opposition. Mao Zedong emphasized the first political standard, which is also the further development of Ma and En's emphasis on art reflecting reality and serving reality, and Lenin's party spirit principle of art, which can even be traced back to Hegel's arguments on the difference between the content and form of art, emphasizing that content determines form. Mao Zedong's Speech at the Yan'an Forum on Literature and Art systematized these ideas, adding China's own traditions. In addition to the ancient tradition of "carrying the Tao with literature", China's new literature and art, from the May Fourth era onwards, have often been closely linked to social struggles, revolutionary demands and even revolutionary wars, and they often directly serve real life and even revolutionary struggles. In that flesh-and-blood era and atmosphere of fierce fighting, you would never sing songs like "Teach Me How Not to Miss Her" all day, and perform dramas like "Hamlet", no matter how high and beautiful their artistic level is; but more often sing "The Chinese nation has reached the most dangerous time" and "Let Go of Your Whip" and "The White-Haired Girl", although it may be rough in art.

Therefore, from the perspective of theoretical tradition and practical tradition, the special frame of Marxist aesthetics has its own historical reasons. It is the embodiment of the critical, revolutionary and practical nature of Marxism itself in the field of art ——— aesthetics. This is the Marxist aesthetic we are accustomed to.

(Excerpt from Li Zehou's "Three Books of Aesthetics", with deletions)

Material 2

The aesthetic changes in Chinese film and television drama works echo the tide of the times and are inseparable from the development stage of the republic. Just as the history of New China is bounded by 1978, it can be clearly distinguished into two stages before and after reform and opening up, and aesthetically, the difference between the two stages before and after is also clearly felt. In the previous stage, it basically continued the "people's aesthetics" paradigm repeatedly explored by artists and theorists in the early days of the founding of New China. This paradigm is guided by the creative method of "socialist realism", which requires artists to describe reality "truthfully and historically concretely", and at the same time requires "ideological transformation and education of the working people with the socialist spirit". Therefore, the creation under the paradigm of "people's aesthetics" aims to create the image of heroes and advanced figures as a model for educating and guiding the people. But for various reasons, this paradigm once went to extremes, weakening the soul of realism " authenticity and historical concreteness " . After the reform and opening up, literary and artistic creation resumed the depiction of "human nature, human feelings and humanitarianism", but with the advent of the era of market economy, there was once an extreme theory of "bidding farewell to ideals and avoiding the sublime" in literary and intellectual circles.

However, it is worth emphasizing that on the occasion of the centenary of the founding of the Party, a number of refreshing film and television drama masterpieces such as "The Age of Awakening", "Crossing the Yalu River", and "Mountains and Seas" have appeared on the Chinese television screen. They turn the lens on workers, peasants, soldiers and revolutionaries, and the focus of their expression shifts from urban daily life and children's feelings to the production, life and struggle of workers, peasants, soldiers and revolutionaries; they reverse the trend of shaping new urban figures, small civilian figures, and secular figures, and turn to portraying advanced figures and heroes to show their noble beauty; "Crossing the Yalu River" is full of revolutionary heroism, optimism and fearless revolutionary spirit, "Mountains and Seas" Although the poverty alleviation cadres are facing a harsh natural environment, they also have the confidence of victory, and "The Age of Awakening" shows the initial moment of the founding of the party in China, full of revolutionary passion and the victorious belief that "socialism will never deceive China".

Against the background of China's great achievements in the new era, these works show a "republican aesthetic" with Chinese style and Chinese style.

(Excerpt from Liu Haibo's "The New Era of Cultural Self-Confidence and the Return of "People's Aesthetics"", with deletions)

1. The following understanding and analysis of the content related to the material, the correct one is (3 points)

A. The revolutionary cause and critical spirit of the proletariat advocated by Marxism can be used to estimate, measure and comment on the social effects of Marxist aesthetics.

B. Gramsci believes that in the appreciation of art, it is necessary to maintain a certain distance from social utilitarianism in order to stand on the position of maintaining social civilization and adopt a cultural critical attitude.

C. Since the May Fourth era, China's new literature and art often directly reflect the characteristics of Marxist aesthetics in which art reflects reality and serves reality.

D. The change of aesthetics is inseparable from the development of the Republic, and the obvious difference in aesthetics between the two stages before and after the reform and opening up is mainly due to the influence of the market economy.

2. According to the content of the material, one of the following statements is incorrect (3 points)

A. Judging from the research of many Marxists, Marxist aesthetics emphasizes the social effect of art and is a kind of social utilitarianism of art.

B. By comparing the "distance theory" of Bloo and Gramsci, it can be seen that the "people's aesthetics" before the reform and opening up are more in line with Blot's views.

C. During the Revolutionary War years in China, people would perform more plays like "The White-Haired Girl" than "Hamlet" and "Cherry Orchard."

D. On the occasion of the centenary of the founding of the Party, TV series such as "The Age of Awakening" and "Mountains and Seas" are in line with Both Gramsci's "Distance Theory" and the Aesthetic Theory of Marxism.

3. According to the content of the material, the one that most does not conform to the "distance theory" proposed by Bulow is (3 points)

A. Wilde said that art never expresses anything other than itself.

B. Liang Shiqiu avoided the theme of the times in the war and chaos years, did not care about the situation, and focused on the taste of life.

C. Zhu Guang potential in "Talking about Beauty" said that in order to see the beauty of things, we must jump away from the practical world.

D. The Literary Research Association advocates that one is art for life, and the other is to emphasize the realist creation method.

4. Try to combine the two contents of the material and briefly summarize the characteristics of the "republican aesthetics" in the new era. (4 minutes)

5. Please briefly comb through the context of Material 1. (6 minutes)

(2) Modern Reading I (This question has 4 sub-questions, 16 points)

Read the text below to complete 6~9 questions.

The Old Man and the Sea (excerpt)

Hemingway

They sailed well, and the old man dipped his hands in salt water, trying to keep his head clear. The cumulus clouds were piled high, and there were quite a few cirrus clouds above them, so the old man saw that the wind would blow all night. The old man often looked at the fish to make sure that there was such a thing. This is the hour before the first shark comes to attack it.

The appearance of this shark is not accidental. As the vast expanse of dark red blood sank and spread into the sea a mile deep, it came up from the depths of the water. It came up so fast, in utter desperation, that it broke through the blue water and came into the sunlight. It fell back into the sea, smelled the trail of blood, and swam along the path taken by the boat and the fish.

Sometimes it loses that smell. But it always smells again, or just a little bit, and it keeps up with it as quickly as it can. It is a large gray shark, born with a good physique, can swim as fast as the fastest fish in the sea, and everything around it is beautiful, except for its upper and lower jaws. Its back is generally blue with swordfish, its belly is silver, and its skin is smooth and beautiful. It looked like a swordfish, except for its large, tightly closed mouth, which was swimming rapidly under the water right now, its towering spine fins cutting through the water like a knife, not shaking at all. Inside these tightly closed lips, all eight rows of teeth were tilted inward. Unlike most sharks, they are not generally pyramidal. They curl up like claws like human fingers. They were almost as long as the old man's fingers, with blade-sharp incisions on either side. This fish takes all the fish in the sea as food, and they swim so fast, so strong, and so full of weapons that they are invincible. It smelled the fresh bloody breath and was speeding up at the moment, its blue spine fins cutting through the water.

The old man saw it swimming and saw that it was a shark that was fearless and determined to do whatever it wanted. He prepared his harpoon, fastened the rope, and watched as the shark swam forward. The rope was short, missing the one he had cut to tie the fish.

The old man was sober-minded, normal, and full of determination at the moment, but not holding out much hope. The situation was too good to last, he thought. He stared at the approaching shark and took the time to glance at the big fish. It was almost like a dream, he thought. I couldn't stop it from attacking me, but maybe I could kill it. Saber-toothed shark (1), he thought, you bad luck.

The shark was rapidly approaching the top of the boat, and when it attacked the fish, the old man saw it open its mouth, saw its strange eyes, it bit a little above the tail of the fish, and its teeth creaked. The shark's head was exposed on the surface of the water, and its back was coming out of the water, and the old man heard the sound of the big fish's flesh being torn apart, at this time, he plunged the harpoon down into the shark's head, and was piercing into the intersection of the line between the eyes and the line that went from the nose to the back of the head. These two lines really don't exist. There was only the heavy, sharp blue head, the two big eyes, and the protruding jaws that creaked and devoured everything. But that's where the brain is, and the old man is straight up to it. With all his strength, he used his bloodied hands to plunge a good harpoon into it. He didn't hold out much hope in this stab, but with full determination and evil strength.

The shark turned over, and the old man saw that there was no life in its eyes, and then he turned over again and wrapped himself in two ropes. The old man knew that the shark was dying, but it still refused to concede defeat. At this time, its belly was facing upwards, its tail was fluttering, and it was rattling in two pre-rattling, breaking waves like a speedboat. Its tail slapped the water white, and three-quarters of its body was exposed to the surface of the water, when the rope was tightened, trembled, and snapped. The shark lay quietly on the surface of the water for a moment, and the old man stared at it. Then it sank slowly.

It ate about forty pounds of meat," the old man said out loud. It took my harpoon with it, and so much rope, he thought, and now that my fish was bleeding again, the other sharks would come too.

He couldn't bear to look at the dead fish again, because it had been bitten and mutilated. When the fish was attacked, he felt as if he had been attacked.

The situation was too good to last, he thought. Hopefully, it was a dream, and I hadn't caught the fish at all, and I was lying alone in the old newspaper on the bed.

But I killed the shark that attacked my fish, he thought. And it's the biggest saber-toothed shark I've ever seen. God knows, I've seen some big ones.

Man is not born to fail," he said, "a man can be destroyed, but not defeated." "But I was heartbroken and killed this fish, he thought. Now the bad luck is coming, but I don't even have a fish. This saber-toothed shark is cruel, capable, strong and intelligent. But I'm smarter than that. Maybe not, he thought. Maybe I'm just a weapon stronger than it.

"Don't think about it, old fellow," he said out loud. "Follow this route, and deal with it when the time comes." But I must think, he thought. Because that's all I have left. And this, and baseball. Wonder if that amazing Dimaggio would like me to hit his head like that? It's not a big deal, he thought. Anyone can do it. But, can you think that my injured hands are as big a disadvantage as bone spurs? I don't know. I had never had a problem with my heels, except once when I stepped on a strong sea fish while swimming in the water, I was pricked by it, and my calf was paralyzed, and the pain was unbearable.

"Think of something fun, old fellow," he said. "Every minute, you're one step closer to home. After losing forty pounds of fish, you sail more briskly. He knew very well what would happen when he sailed into the middle of the current. But there is nothing that can be done at the moment.

"No, there is a way," he said out loud. "I can tie the knife to the handle of a paddle." So he had the tiller in his arm socket, and one foot stepped on the sail sling, and that was it. "All right," he said. "I'm still an old man. But I'm not without weapons. "

At this time the wind was blowing stronger, and he sailed smoothly. He stared at the fish's upper body and regained a little hope. Hopeless is stupid, he thought. Besides, I think it's a sin. Don't think about sin, he thought. Enough trouble, what sin is still in mind. Besides, I don't understand this at all.

(Excerpt from "Classic Short Stories", with deletions)

Note: (1) Saber-toothed shark: The local people's common name for the gray mackerel shark.

5. The following understanding of the content related to the selected text, the correct one is (3 points)

A. On the way back from the old fisherman's capture of the marlin, the strong smell of marlin attracted many fierce and huge sharks, and the old man used all the utensils on the boat to fight with the shark and won the victory.

B." Plunging the harpoon down into the shark's head, it is piercing into the intersection of the line between the eyes and the line that leads from the nose to the back of the head", this detail depicts the calm and brutal character of the old fisherman.

C. After fighting with the saber-toothed shark, the novel writes about the psychology of the old man, in order to let the reader see the old man's heart, he has regrets and self-blame, but finally overcomes himself, from wandering fear to firm and brave.

D. "A person is not born for failure" "A person can be destroyed, but cannot be defeated", this is the old fisherman's belief in life, in him, embodies the courage to face difficulties, adversity of the "tough guy" character.

7. The following analysis and appreciation of the artistic characteristics of the selected essays, the incorrect one is (3 points)

A. The structure of the selected text is simple, the plot is not branched, and the protagonist has a distinct personality; the only person who appears in the text is santiago, the old fisherman, and the plot mainly revolves around his fight with sharks.

B. In the character shaping, the selected essay adopts the artistic technique of side foil, and many places vigorously describe the bravery and fierceness of the shark, the purpose of which is to highlight santiago's fortitude and tenacity.

C. Hemingway is good at portraying the character image from the perspective of hearing and vision, shortening the distance between the author, the protagonist and the reader to a minimum, and directly expressing emotions many times.

D. The calm and stoic narrative language and the extremely tense narrative rhythm are integrated, forming a meaningful text interpretation space, which not only shocks the soul when read, but also triggers people's diverse rational thinking.

8. In order to create the image of the old fisherman Santiago, the selected essay uses a large number of character monologues, please analyze its expression effect. (4 points)

9. "Reading the whole book" is a requirement of the "Language Curriculum Standards" of high schools, which is conducive to improving the reader's ability to use language and writing, ideological and cultural accomplishment, and enriching the spiritual world. To this end, the class has drawn up a column of "The Old Man and the Sea", which requires "story synopsis" content, please write relevant content based on Hemingway's original work. (6 minutes)

II. Reading Ancient Poems (35 points)

(1) Reading in Chinese and Chinese (This question has a total of 5 sub-questions, 20 points)

Read the text below to complete 10 to 14 questions.

Paragraph 1

Mencius said, "Everyone has the heart to endure others." The first kings had an intolerable heart, and Si had a government that could not bear people. With the heart of an intolerant person, we can practice the government of the intolerable, and rule the world in the palm of the hand. Therefore, it is said that everyone has the heart of an intolerant person: When people today see that their widows will enter the well, they all have a heart of compassion; they are not so inwardly handed over to the parents of their widows, not so they must be praised by their friends in the township party, and they are not evil. From the point of view of being, there is no compassion, non-man also; no shame, non-man also; no resignation heart, non-man also; no right and wrong heart, non-man also. The heart of compassion, the end of benevolence; the heart of shame, the end of righteousness; the heart of resignation, the end of etiquette; the heart of right and wrong, the end of wisdom. Man has four ends, just as he has four bodies. There are those who are four ends and claim to be unable to do so, and those who are self-thieves; those who are said to be kings cannot, and those who thief their kings are also. It is enough to protect the whole world; if it is not enough, it is not enough to do things for parents.

(Excerpt from "Mencius Gongsun Ugly", with deletions)

Paragraph two

Gai tried to seek the Six Classics, and as for the time of the "Poems" and "Spring and Autumn", and then knew the way of the saints, it was always the end of the book, and each had its own order. The foundation of the rightness of the husband begins with the ease of action under the heavens. The world knows that there is a father and a son, and the father and son are not thieves, but enough for filial piety. The world knows that there are brothers, and brothers do not compete with each other, but enough to be sorry. Filial piety and the king's way to prepare. This is not far-reaching and difficult to see, and the diligent and difficult to do is also. Therefore, the "poem" is also a teaching, so that people sing and dance, everything is to do it, but it is not to lose righteousness. "Spring and Autumn" strives to be in the middle of nowhere, and when it is deeply suspected, it is absolutely impossible to do anything. Without looking at the "poems", there is no way to see the ease of the king's way. Without looking at "Spring and Autumn", there is no way to know the difficulty of the king's government.

Since Confucius did not, each of the sons wrote books according to what they heard, but none of them could be attributed to their origins, so their words had no unity, and if Mencius were deeper than the "poems" and longer than the "Spring and Autumn". Its path begins at the coarsest and from the extreme to the finest. The widest is not to be violated, the most secret is imperceptible, and there must be something to be kept in this, and the hereafter may not see it.

Mencius had a saying: "Man can at best have no desire to harm others, and benevolence cannot be used." Man can at best have no desire to wear the heart of the purse (1) and the righteousness is invincible, and the soldier can not speak in terms of words (2) can also be said without saying it is also without saying anything, and so on. "But it is not to wear it, but righteousness is invincible." But it cannot be spoken of, it can be said without words, and its sins are worn. So to speak; Its path begins at the coarsest and from the extreme to the finest. It is full of heaven and earth, and it is all over the world, and every minute must be calculated. Whoops, this is what it thinks Mencius! Those who look at Mencius later, who have no view of him, also look at all of them.

(Excerpt from Su Shi's "Meng Ke Theory", with deletions)

Note: (1) Yú: Through the wall (theft). (2) 餂 (tiǎn): take, seek.

10. The correct one of the following sentences for the part of the text that draws the wavy line is (3 points)

A. Man can at best have no desire to wear a heart / And righteousness is invincible / Soldiers can not be said to be / Can be said to be / Can be said without saying is / To be unspeakable oysters also / is to wear a purse and so on

B. Man can at best have no desire to wear the heart of the purse / and righteousness is invincible / The soldier can not speak / Is to store words / can not say / is to live without words / is to wear the purse and so on

C. Man can be at best desireless / Righteous for the sake of wearing a heart / Invincible also / Earth can not be said to be / in words also / can be said without words is also said to be unspoken / is to wear a purse and so on

D. Man can be at best desireless / Righteous for the sake of wearing a heart / Invincible also / Soldiers can not speak / Is it also said that it is also a catfish / Can speak without saying / Is it also a wordless catfish / Is it all wearing a pipe and so on

11. The following explanation of the relevant content of the words added to the text is incorrect (3 points)

A. Widow, is the teacher's title for the student, but also used as the elder's title for the younger generation, and now mostly expresses contempt.

B. The Six Classics refer to the six ancient books of the pre-Qin Dynasty that were collated and taught by Confucius, namely "Poetry", "Book", "Ritual", "Yi", "Music", and "Spring and Autumn".

C. Filial piety, refers to filial piety to parents, fraternity to brothers; Confucians attach great importance to filial piety, believing that filial piety is the foundation of being a person and doing learning.

D. No, pass "death", death; The ancients had different sayings about the "death" of different people, such as "collapse", "薨", "卒", "Bulu" and so on.

12. The following is an overview of the relevant content of the selected article, and the incorrect one is (3 points)

A. Mencius believed that everyone has a heart of compassion for others, and if the monarch wants to govern the world easily, he must closely link the practice of compassion for others with the implementation of a national policy of compassion for others.

B. The "Poems" and "Spring and Autumn" are very important for understanding the Royal Tao and the King's Government, so Su Shi believes that those who study the Six Classics can understand the truth of the saints by reading the "Poems" and "Spring and Autumn".

C. Su Shi believes that after Confucius, although the hundred families of the sons wrote their own books and doctrines, most of their remarks were not important, because they did not explore the source of Confucius's teachings.

D. Su Shi gave a very high evaluation of Mencius's ways and methods of expounding the truth, believing that there must be a deep meaning of Mencius in this, but later scholars may not have understood it.

13. Translate the sentences drawn in the text with horizontal lines into modern Chinese. (8 minutes)

(1) Whoever has four ends in me, knows that all are expanded and filled, and if the fire begins, the spring begins. (4 minutes)

(2) Fill the heavens and the earth, and put the four seas, and every minute must be counted. (4 minutes)

14. In paragraph 2, Su Shi commented that Mencius "began with the coarsest and the most refined", what is the truth of this sentence? What is the purpose of Su Shi's statement? (3 minutes)

(2) Reading Ancient Poetry (2 sub-questions in this question, 9 points)

Read the following song words and complete 15~16 sub-questions.

Jiang Chengzi Otoko remembers the dream on the twentieth day and night of the first month

Su shi

Ten years of life and death are vague, not thinking, unforgettable. Thousands of miles of lonely graves, nowhere to say desolate. Even if they do not know each other, the dust is full of dust, and the fan is like frost.

At night, the ghost dream suddenly returned home, the small window, is grooming. There are no words for each other, but there are thousands of tears. It is expected that the intestines will be broken every year, the night of the bright moon, and the short Matsuoka.

15. The following understanding and appreciation of this word, the incorrect one is (3 points)

A." Don't think about it, unforgettable" at the same time, using the tension between the two sets of seemingly contradictory mentalities, pouring out the past and suddenly coming to the heart of the irrepressible long-stored emotions, truly and profoundly revealing Su Shi's inner world.

B." Thousands of miles of lonely graves, nowhere to say desolate", said extremely painfully, this is a nonsense and love language that erases the boundary between life and death, and greatly expresses the author's lonely, desolate and helpless emotions that are eager to tell people, which is particularly touching.

C. "It is expected that the intestines will be broken every year." Bright Moon Night, Short Matsuoka". Pushing people and already, in order to express their own mourning, this kind of expression makes the meaning of the poem more subtle, profound, painful, and the aftersound is endless, making people feel endless.

D. Words can not read people feel "sentimental", the words are concise and dignified, and the connection of each syllable has a sense of cold condensation, just like the sound of weeping, and the oppressive and heavy atmosphere spreads out in this "pharyngeal spring".

16. Su Shi's writing of mourning is unique, please combine the content of this word and the expression method, and briefly analyze it. (6 minutes)

(3) Silent writing of famous sentences (this question has 1 sub-question, 6 points)

17. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences. (6 minutes)

(1) Confucius's sentence in the Analects of Learning is that a gentleman does not require enough food and does not require comfortable living is "__

(2) Zhang Ruoxuan's "Spring River Flower Moon Night" writes that the river and sky are one color, there is no slight dust, only a bright round of lonely moon hanging high in the air, the sentence is "_____

(3) Lu You wrote in the "Book Of Anger": "__

He not only praised Zhuge Liang's exploits, but also expressed his ambition to recover the Central Plains with his own situation.

III. Use of Language and Writing (20 points)

(1) Use of language and writing I (This question has 3 sub-questions, 11 points)

Read the text below and complete 18~20 questions.

In twentieth-century Chinese literature, the vernacular novel became one of the strongest main lines. Returning to the countryside, expressing the fate of the peasants from the standpoint of the peasants, taking rural life as the main material and the image of the peasants as the main object, almost became the creative mission of Chinese writers in the 20th century. And Zhao Shuli is undoubtedly one that cannot be left unnoticed.

Zhao Shuli was able to break through the creative tradition of new literary rural novels, and on the road of literary popularization, there is no doubt that the bridge of "going deep into life" allowed him to understand and grasp the essence of the tradition at the lowest level of Chinese culture. Zhao Shuli is the son of a peasant, living in a rural area with closed cultural information, and the life and culture of the peasants have a deeper and more intimate connection with him than ordinary people, so in the cultural choice of youth, although he also experienced a certain degree of confusion, he finally firmly _____________ This cultural choice directly affected Zhao Shuli's subsequent creation of rural novels, and he did not stand on the perspective of examining the countryside, but consciously stood on the standpoint of peasant society and looked at and described the countryside and peasants with the posture of a peasant spokesman.

At present, there are more and more voices calling for attention to the countryside and farmers, and the issue of the three rural areas has also entered the vision of many policy makers and researchers. However, the current situation of the literary world cannot adapt to this national situation, and the specific living conditions of the peasants can rarely be seen in literary works, and the popular literary works that are easy for the peasants to read and understand and ________ The absence of literature is an important reason why rural suffering cannot be transmitted and expressed. With the shift of the focus of reform and opening up to the city, the urban spirit has been fully expressed, but the rural theme writing has fallen silent. There is not only an economic gap between China's urban and rural areas, but also a cultural _________ Chen Sihe, a famous literary critic, said: "Some Chinese intellectuals stand in a higher position than the people and look down on the people, so that the people who write out are lifeless. "Today, we still need writers like Zhao Shuli, who dare to devote themselves to the writing of farmers and can really speak for farmers."

18. Fill in the words on the horizontal line in turn, and all the appropriate ones are (3 points)

A. Uniqueness Abandon the diaphragm

B. Ingenuity and ingenuity, writing and abandoning, happy to see the estrangement

C. Unique, abandon the popular diaphragm

D. Ingenuity and ingenuity, abandonment, and popularity

19. The sentence with a horizontal line in the text has a speech problem, and the most appropriate one of the following changes is (3 points)

A. Due to family reasons, he was not only familiar with the art and culture of the countryside, but also deeply influenced by the religion of the peasants.

B. Because of his family, he was not only deeply influenced by the religion of the peasants, but also familiar with the art and culture of the countryside

C. Due to family reasons, he was not only familiar with the art and culture of the countryside, but also deeply influenced by the religion of the peasants.

D. Because of his family, he was not only deeply influenced by the peasant religion, but also familiar with the art culture of the countryside.

20. The wavy line sentence in the text uses a metaphorical rhetorical technique, please briefly analyze its composition and expression effect. (5 minutes)

(2) Use of Language and Writing II. (This question has 2 sub-questions, 9 points)

Read the text below and complete 21~22 questions.

People's social existence, . And the correct thinking representing the advanced classes, once grasped by the masses, will become a material force for transforming society and the world. Countless objective external phenomena are reflected in one's mind through the five senses of human eyes, ears, nose, and body. The material of this perceptual understanding accumulates more, ( ), and this is thought. At this time, whether the spirit and thought (including theories, policies, plans, and methods) correctly reflect the laws of the objective outside world is still not proven, and it is not yet possible to determine whether they are correct, and then there is a second stage of the process of understanding,...... This is to put the understanding obtained in the first stage into social practice, to see whether these theories, policies, plans, methods, etc. can achieve the expected success. In general, failure is wrong, especially in human struggles against the natural world.

21. The following sentences enclosed in parentheses in the text, the most appropriate connection is (3 points)

A. It will become a rational understanding and produce a leap forward

B. It becomes intellectual cognition, producing a mutation

C. There will be a leap forward that becomes rational understanding

D. A mutation will arise, which becomes intellectual cognition

22. Please write the appropriate sentence at the horizontal line (1) (2) (3) in the text, so that the whole paragraph is complete and coherent, the content is appropriate, the logic is rigorous, and no more than 10 words are not exceeded at each place. (6 minutes)

IV. Writing (60 points)

23. Read the material below and write as required.

The endless development of the Chinese nation, the setbacks and the continuous rebirth of the Chinese nation are inseparable from the strong support of Chinese culture. The unique concept, wisdom, temperament and charm of Chinese culture have added to the self-confidence and pride of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation.

How to better tap the ideological concepts, humanistic spirit and moral norms of traditional Chinese culture and activate the vitality of Chinese culture? That is, it is necessary to integrate artistic creativity and Chinese cultural values, and combine the Chinese aesthetic spirit with contemporary aesthetic pursuits.

The school is preparing to hold a speech contest with the theme of "Chinese Culture Inspires Me to Grow", please combine the above materials and write a speech to explain your feelings and thoughts.

Requirements: Self-proposed title, self-selected angle, determine the intention; Do not pretend, do not copy; Personal information shall not be disclosed; No less than 800 words.

Refer to the answer

1. (3 points) C (A Material I, paragraph 2), "the social effect of Marxist aesthetics" is considered, measured, and commented on in connection with "the revolutionary cause and spirit of the proletariat", not the relationship between the latter evaluating the former. B Gramsci's view is that art appreciation should be distanced from pure art appreciation and should be associated with social utilitarianism. Material D only emphasizes that the literary and artistic circles and intellectual circles after the reform and opening up have been affected by the market economy, and the extreme theory "once appeared". ）

2. (3 points) B (B combined with the third and fourth paragraphs of material one, and the first paragraph of material two can be seen that the aesthetics before the reform and opening up focused on shaping the heroic image to educate and guide the people with the socialist spirit, emphasizing the social utilitarianism of aesthetics, in line with Gramsci's view. ）

3. (3 points) D (Blow's "distance theory" emphasizes the aesthetic to maintain a super-utilitarian psychology. Option D emphasizes that literary creation should care about people's livelihood and suffering, and is an aesthetic concept that emphasizes the social function of literary works. ）

4. (4 points) (1) In terms of themes, it focuses on showing the real life of workers, peasants, soldiers and revolutionaries. (2) In terms of shaping the image of the character, more advanced characters and heroes are portrayed to reflect their noble beauty. (3) In terms of aesthetic style, it embodies heroism, optimism, fearless spirit and belief in victory. (4) In terms of aesthetic value, it shows Chinese style and Chinese style. (1 point per point)

5. (6 points) (1) First of all, by listing the research of Marx, Engels, Lenin and others on art, the viewpoint is put forward, Marxist aesthetics is a social utilitarian theory of art.

(2) Then compare the "distance theory" of Bülow and Gramsci, highlighting the Marxist aesthetics that emphasize that the aesthetics of art are closely related to social utilitarianism.

(3) Then, by quoting Mao Zedong's aesthetic theory and listing works of art from the revolutionary war years, the aesthetic viewpoint of art reflecting reality and serving reality is demonstrated.

(4) Finally, it is concluded that Marxist aesthetics is the embodiment of Marxism in the field of aesthetics. (1:01, 2:03, 3:04, 4:6)

(2) Modern Reading II. (This question has 4 sub-questions, 16 points)

6. (3 points) D

7. (3 points) C (The subject of the sentence is "Hemingway", he is a calm narrator, basically does not directly express emotions, the emotions in the text are old people, the author is indirect expression of emotions. ）

8. (4 points) (1) Faithfully records Santiago's psychological activities, making Santiago's image of a tough and brave tough guy more full (2 points) (2 points) expressing praise for the old fisherman's unyielding spirit, deepening the main theme of the article (2 points) (if there are other answers, if there is a reason, you can give points as appropriate. ）

9. (6 points) The old fisherman Santiago did not catch a fish for eighty-four consecutive days, but did not accept defeat. (2 mins) Finally caught a large marlin after three days and two nights of fighting. (2 points) On the way back, the shark snatched his booty, and the old man dragged back only a pair of fish skeletons after five fierce fights. (2 minutes)

10. (3 points) B. (Judging from the above sentence structure of "and benevolence invincible also" to "and righteousness invincible to use also", excluding CD, "is" as the subject at the beginning of the sentence, excluding A.) ）

11. (3 points) A. (Widow, referring to a child, can also refer to the title of noble concubine, without the meaning of the teacher's title to the student, the elder to the younger generation.) ）

12. (3 points) B. (Su Shi believes that those who have focused on studying the Six Classics can only understand the truth of the saints after reading the Book of Poetry and the Spring and Autumn Classics.) The other four pre-Qin ancient books also need to be read. ）

13. (8 points) (1) All those who have these four kinds of germs, if they all know how to expand them, will be like a fire that has just burned, a spring that has just flowed out. ("Where" all, 1 point; "End" budding, beginning 1 point, "ran" and "burning" burning 1 point, fixed word after 1 point)

(2) (His teachings) are filled between heaven and earth, spread under heaven and earth, and everything must be discussed in small things.

("Release" diffusion, spread, 1 point; "Millimeter" nuances are 1 point, "counting" planning, and here it is extended to arguments and expositions. The first two sentences are translated as "fill the heavens and the earth and spread to the world" can also be regarded as correct)

14. (3 points) (1) Truth: The understanding of Mencius's thought cannot stay on the surface, but must be studied in depth. (1 point)

(2) Purpose: (1) To point out the reasons why Mencius became a sub-saint; (2) It is suggested that later scholars focus on the principles proposed by Mencius and the way of exposition. (2 minutes)

【Reference Translation】

Only after reading the Book of Poetry and the Spring and Autumn Classics can those who have studied in the Six Classics know the thoughts of the saints, and there are certain laws for the beginning and end of things. The fundamental way to correct behavior and to educate the people is to start with what is easy for people in the world to do. Everyone in the world knows about the relationship between father and son. Father and son do not infringe on each other, which is enough to form a culture of filial piety to the elderly; Everyone in the world knows that there is brotherly love, and brothers do not plunder each other, which is enough to form a "compassion" folk custom. When the folk custom of filial piety is strong, the conditions for practicing the royal way are met. These truths are not profound and difficult to understand, nor are they difficult to achieve with great effort. Therefore, the "Book of Poetry" educates the people, let people sing and dance leisurely and happily, and do everything, and the important thing is not to lose their decent demeanor. The book "Spring and Autumn" strives to profoundly reveal the doubts of history between subtle events, and to clarify those behaviors that must not be repeated. Without reading the Book of Verses, one will not understand the ease of practicing the royal way; If you don't read "Spring and Autumn", you will not know the difficulty of establishing a royal government.

Since the death of Confucius, the hundred families of the sons have used their own observations and experiences to write books and doctrines, but none of them have really explored the roots of Confucius's teachings. So their rhetoric is not systematic, it doesn't matter. But like Meng Ke. It can be said that people who have a deep understanding of the Book of Poetry and are good at studying the Spring and Autumn Classics. His teachings began in a very superficial place, but reached the extreme in the subtle place. It is filled between heaven and earth, spreads under the heavens, and everything must be discussed in small things. Very broad and inviolable, very subtle and incomprehensible, there must be a principle to which he adheres, and later scholars may not have understood it.

And Mencius once said: "Everyone who enriches his heart without selfish desires and does not harm others can not be used up." Everyone can enrich their hearts that have no selfish desires and do not steal through walls, and the righteousness of the world will not be exhausted. The scholars say things that they should not say, and this is to use these words for profit; And some of what should be said is not said, and this is (for) the benefit of this non-talking method. This is all kind of behavior such as stealing through the wall. "Only if people do not do what they steal through the walls can righteousness not be exhausted." As long as the world says what should not be said, and what should be said is not said, their crime is the same as stealing through the wall. Therefore, Mencius's truth begins in a very shallow place, but reaches the extreme in the deep place. It is filled between heaven and earth, spreads under the heavens, and everything must be discussed in small things. Alas, this is exactly why he became The Prophet Mencius! Later generations of mencius, who do not study other aspects, must also pay attention to this field.

(3) Ancient Poetry Reading (This question has 2 sub-questions, 9 points)

15. (3 points) C (should be "pushing oneself and others")

16. (6 points) (1) This word is titled "Remembering Dreams", but only the next five sentences are memories of dreams, and the others are directly expressive. (2 points) (2) This word not only mourns the deceased wife, but also expresses the feelings of his own life, and the emotions are deep and sincere. (2 points) (3) This word uses a variety of artistic techniques such as the combination of virtual and real, white painting, and counter-writing to express the thoughts of the deceased wife. (2 minutes)

(3) Silent writing of famous sentences (6 points)

17. (6 points) (1) A gentleman has nothing to eat and does not seek security

(2) Jiang Tian is colorless and dustless, and the lonely moon wheel in the sky is bright

(3) A table of true names, a thousand years who can be a bo zhongjian

18. (3 points) A (unique: tree, standing; Flag, flag. Raise a flag alone. The metaphor is to break through one way and become a family in its own right. / Abandonment: Refers to the general exclusion, mainly refers to "abandonment", the meaning of the word is lighter. Dismiss, exclude. / Happy to hear: Smell, listen. Like to listen; Happy to watch. Describe it as suitable for people's interests and is very popular. /Diaphragm; (1) Affection is not connected, and they do not understand each other; There is no sense of intimacy or intimacy. (2) Unfamiliar, unfamiliar; layman. Among them, the second meaning is what "estrangement" does not have.

19. (3 points) C.

20. (5 points) (1) Composition: The ontology is "going deep into life", the metaphor is the "bridge", and there is no figurative word. (1 minute)

(2) Expression effect: (1) Use the bridge to compare the convenience, efficiency and vivid image of "going deep into life". (2 points) (2) Use bridges to explain the way and value of writers "going deep into life", accurate and rigorous. (2 minutes)

(2) Use of language and writing I (This question has 2 sub-questions, 9 points)

21. (3 points) C (After the leap in perceptual cognition, it becomes rational cognition.) ）

22. (6 points) (1) determine people's thinking; (2) The beginning is perceptual cognition; (3) Success is the right thing to do.

23. (60 points) Essay review question reference

(1) Requirements for curriculum standard teaching materials

"Cultural inheritance and understanding" is an important part of the core literacy of language disciplines in the new curriculum standards.

In the second unit of the second year of selective cultivation, the students concentrated on the prose of the pre-Qin Zhuzi to deepen their understanding of the roots of traditional culture, understand the insight of the sages into the social people and cattle, and think about the practical significance of their thoughts on cultivating people and cultivating themselves. To learn from The excellent Chinese culture, we should apply what we have learned and unite knowledge with action. This topic mainly examines students' understanding of China's excellent traditional culture in this semester's study, and expresses the cultural self-confidence, cultural consciousness and cultural life obtained in life. Students should have their own positive understanding of chinese culture's "philosophy, wisdom, temperament, charm", "ideological concepts, humanistic spirit, and moral norms".

(2) The connotation of "traditional Chinese culture"

The main connotation of traditional Chinese culture, experts and scholars, renrenzhi ten have many theories. However, there are probably the following types of consensus:

The spirit of self-improvement and unremitting struggle. Chinese culture has always been concerned about real life, Confucius said: "Unknown life, knowing death", and said: "Tianxingjian, a gentleman with self-improvement" It is precisely this philosophy of life that has cultivated the Chinese nation to dare to wage tenacious struggle against all natural and social harms and injustices. Since ancient times, Chinese has had the spirit of not believing in evil and not being afraid of "ghosts", emphasizing that happiness in life is created by oneself. To achieve modernization, this spirit of self-confidence and self-esteem is indispensable.

The unity of knowledge and action. The Chinese Confucian culture of "practicing nearness and benevolence" embodies, to a certain extent, the recognition of "doing what is heavy and knowing is light"

Epistemological thought, which is somewhat consistent with practical character. Practice is the source of knowledge. To achieve modernization, of course, we must strive to learn from the advanced teachings of foreign countries, but what is more important is our own socialist practice.

Attach importance to the spiritual life of people. Traditional Chinese culture attaches great importance to the inner cultivation of human beings and this spiritual world, and despises the greed and vulgar materialism. Mencius put forward that "fullness means beauty" and believed that "the rich and the noble cannot be obscene, the poor cannot be moved, and the mighty cannot be bent", which is the fundamental requirement for personality, and this traditional virtue and the shaping of modern personality are also very valuable.

Patriotism. Patriotism is the deepest feeling for our motherland that has been consolidated for thousands of years, and patriotism is the fine tradition of our Chinese nation. The ancients said: The world rises and falls, and the piaf is responsible." Today, only when a country embarks on modernization can a country prosper and become strong. To achieve modernization, it is all up to the people of the whole country to unite and work together.

The spirit of pursuing truth and having the courage to dedicate. Traditional Chinese culture despises the kind of villain who is greedy for life and afraid of death, ungrateful, and chasing fame and fortune. When the ancients talked about the pursuit of truth, they believed that "it is possible to die at night when you hear the Tao." Preach the spirit of "the road is long and the road is long, and I will seek up and down". This dedication to the truth is a powerful driving force for modernization.

The ethical norm of solidarity and mutual assistance, respect for the elderly and love for children. The ancients said, "The old man and the old man, the young man and the young man." "Only when a society is strict with discipline, lenient with others, and forms a social atmosphere of solidarity and mutual assistance, respect for the elderly and love for the young, can a society be full of warmth and harmony, and can it bring hope and strength to people."

(3) Reference intention (for reference)

1. The spirit of self-improvement and unremitting struggle makes me grow

2. The unity of knowledge and action allows me to grow

3. Valuing the spiritual life allows me to grow

4. Patriotism makes me grow

5. The spirit of pursuing truth and having the courage to dedicate makes me grow

6. The ethical norms of solidarity and mutual assistance, respect for the elderly and love for children have allowed me to grow

Writing about other valuable traditional Chinese cultures for my growth can also be regarded as relevant.

(4) Scoring requirements

1. Genre: In line with the stylistic characteristics of the speech.

Like an argumentative essay, a speech is clearly argumentative, logical, and argumentative, but it is not an ordinary argumentative essay. It is a propaganda and agitative applied style, often using a variety of rhetorical and artistic techniques, with strong appeal. It can be used to exchange ideas and feelings, express ideas and opinions; It can also be used to introduce your own learning, work situation and experience, etc. The speech has the functions of publicity, encouragement, education and appreciation, etc., which can convey the speaker's views, propositions and thoughts and feelings to the audience and readers, so that they can be convinced and resonate with their thoughts and feelings.

2. Content; The argument is clear, candidates should specifically point out which Chinese culture has made me grow, and can not be generalized from beginning to end.

3. The specific scoring criteria refer to the 2021 college entrance examination.

Attached: 2021 college entrance examination essay scoring instructions

(1) The overall requirements for the composition of the score

1. Evaluation criteria

The style is correct, the context is clear, and the style is smooth.

Positive thinking, in line with the core values of socialism; The content is relevant to the topic; Clear point of view, rigorous logic, rigorous structure, sufficient argumentation, independent thinking; Express accurately and fluently, and use words, sentence patterns, rhetoric, etc. reasonably.

2. Judging principles

Requirements for fairness: Adhere to the principle of unity of content and form, pay attention to the ability of Kaoxiang Kao niu to use ancestral Chinese words and expressions to achieve meaning, not only to see the intention of the examination, but also from the selection of materials, structure, stylistic requirements and other aspects of basic writing ability and language literacy to comprehensively measure, comprehensively judge the score.

(2) Grading level

This time the score is four grades and seven categories. First class volumes 48 to 60, of which the first class is 54 to 60, and the first class is lower 48 to 53; Second-class volumes 36-47, of which second-class upper 42-47, second-class lower 36-41; Third-class volumes 24 to 35, of which 30 to 35 are on the third class and 24 to 29 are below the third class; Fourth class volumes 0 to 23.

Scoring reference scale

Category scores

Examination of the topic

Verbal expression

Key features

First class volume 48 to 60 points

First class above 54 points

The questions are precise, profound or novel.

The language has characteristics, the words are close and far away, and the words are concise and meaningful.

Fully understand the connotation of the theme, based on the perspective of material generation. The article has aura, the angle selection is exquisite, and the structure is exquisite and unique. It can closely follow the theme to form a unique viewpoint, unfold in layers, discuss precisely, flexibly, profoundly, and reasonably integrate; the feelings are sincere, the materials are personalized, the life atmosphere is rich, the concept is unique, the language is fresh, the image is full, and the artistic conception is far-reaching.

First class lower 48 ~53

The questions are accurate, clear and insightful.

The language is smooth, coherent, decent, and the words can be spoken to the fullest.

Be able to understand the connotation of the theme and base it on the material to generate a point of view. The article has highlights and is clearly layered. The viewpoint is correct, the angle is appropriate, the reasoning is thorough, and the logic is logical; the materials have novelty, have a strong breath of life, and have an image and artistic conception.

Second-class volumes 36 to 47 points

Second class 42 to 47 points

The examination questions are relatively accurate and the intention is relatively clear.

The language is smooth and the words can reach the intention.

Be able to understand the connotation of the theme, have clear ideas and complete structure. The point of view is clear, the use case is correct, the reasoning is clear; there is a breath of life, and the main idea is clear.

Second class lower 36 ~ 41 points

The examination questions are basically clear, and the intention is basically clear.

The language is generally fluent, and occasionally there is no end to the norms and accuracy.

Basically understand the connotation of the theme. The viewpoint is generally established, the argument is not strong enough; there is a certain breath of life, the main idea is generally clear, and the structure is basically complete.

Third-class volumes 24 to 35 points

Third class 30~35

The examination of the questions is not complete, and the intention is not clear.

The language is not smooth enough, and occasionally there are not all norms and accuracies.

Understand some of the connotations of the theme. The viewpoint is generally valid, the argument is not strong enough; the main idea is generally clear, and the structure is basically complete.

Third class below 24 to 29 points

Looks like a god.

The language is clumsy, often with language diseases and punctuation.

The theme and material were poorly understood, the theme was fragmented, and only one aspect was written.

Fourth-class volumes

0 to 23 minutes

Talk to yourself.

The language is vulgar, confusing, and the basic skills are poor.

Completely disregarding the theme and materials, starting from scratch, the overall level of writing is poor.