Text: Yang Lifeng
(The full text is nearly 7,000 words, interested friends please be patient to read)
Online pictures, reactionary Huidaomen original registration historical materials
The Huidao Gate was developed from the secret sect during the feudal dynasty period. They generally establish organizations in the form of teacher-disciple inheritance, and use the doctrines and doctrines of Confucianism, Taoism, and Interpretation that have been distorted and transformed as tools for maintaining internal unity. In the Republic of China period, the secret sect degenerated into a sectarian gate, and degenerated into a backward and reactionary organization at the political and social levels.
In the northeast of Anhui, before liberation, it included the four counties of Wuhe, Lingbi, Si County and Sihong, and after liberation, Sihong was assigned to Jiangsu. The three counties of Wuhe, Lingbi and Sixian counties under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province are mainly discussed in this article.
Since the Capture of the Yellow River in 1194, the northeastern Anhui region has been flooded for many years, becoming the most frequent and most affected area in the whole of China. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, not only was there serious flooding in the local area, but also man-made disasters were even deeper! The plundering and occupation of land resources by landlords and bandits aggravated the suffering of the local people. The reactionary Huidaomen, on the other hand, were even more active in the local area, working with other evil forces to poison the people of eastern Anhui and becoming a major tumor in northeastern Anhui.
The huidaomen forces in the northeast of Anhui are numerous and complex. According to incomplete statistics, there are dozens of reactionary meeting gates in this region before liberation and in the early liberation period, and each county has both large-scale meetings and gates imported from other places, smaller meeting door organizations set up by local people themselves, as well as meeting door organizations with the same activity methods and contents but different names in different regions, and so on.
1. A brief description of the types of kaido gates that exist in each county in the region and their origins
Schematic diagram of the previous riots in Anhui Reactionary Huidaomen
Five Rivers County
There are more than 20 kinds of meeting gates in the county, and the following is a brief introduction to some of the main hallway gates in the county
Red Gun Society (also known locally as the Knife Society): The Red Gun Society originated from the Bagua Sect, which inherits the organizational inheritance of the Bagua Sect's Great Knife Society and the Boxer Rebellion, and is a people's self-defense armed organization formed on the basis of the development and integration of non-governmental secret social organizations such as the Golden Bell Cover and the Ren Yi Society. In the 1920s, the organization spread from Henan to the region. Regarding this organization, Li Dazhao, the early leader of our Party, pointed out: "The origin of the name of the Red Gun Society is because most of the weapons they use are spears, and red ribbons are tied on the spears. Its origin actually originated in Shandong, and gradually spread to Yushan. Tracing its origins, it is a branch of the White Lotus Sect in the distance, and a school of the Boxer Rebellion in the near future. Its rapid spread is entirely due to the natural repercussions disturbed by the oppression of foreign imperialism and domestic warlords and bandits. "In the 1930s, the leaders of the Red Gun Society in the Five Rivers Region included Chen Zi'an, Huang Ruhua, Zhong Wanzhang and others.
Consistent Road: In 1937, it was introduced to Bengbu City by Wang Xingwu, a Taoist disciple in Jinan, and later into Wuhe County. The Consistent Tao, also known as the Heavenly Dao, is the so-called Tao that descends from heaven. There are many aliases for it, mainly including: Xiantian Avenue, Kong Mengsheng Dao, Kong Meng Avenue Central Avenue, Baiyang Sect, Sexual Avenue, Ming Li Dao, Zhongyong Dao, Ming Yi Dao, Lao Mu Dao, True Tao, True Heaven Dao, Middle Dao, Chonghua Hall, China Moral Charity Association and so on. Consistent Taoism is the most widely circulated, the most powerful, the largest number of people, the most prominent activities, and the most harmful one in China's modern history. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Wuji Dao, Consistent Dao, and Tiandaoism appeared in the county, and in the 35th year of the Republic of China (1946), the three religions were unified, collectively known as the Consistent Dao. On December 29, 1936, the government of the Republic of China was ordered to ban the Consistent Road.
Closed Doorway: Also known as the Heavenly Gate Path, the Divine Teacher's Way, and the Whole Family Path (the whole family is required to enter the Path when preaching). It was founded in 1937 by Liu Dazhuang and Liu Jinlan of Yanji Township, Woyang County. In the early days of the liberation of The Five Rivers, the organization secretly developed congregations on the basis of the Limen Society. The Daoist master was sent by the Kuomintang Anhui Provincial Security Command, with the nickname "Northern Anhui Bandit GuardIng The People's Army". There are 24 altar masters, 5197 Daoist disciples, a strict organizational system, a headquarters, a brigade, a squadron, a detachment, a number of groups, and a number of brigade commanders, regiment commanders, battalion commanders, company commanders and other positions. The organization was later merged with another guild gate organization in Wuhe County, shengxian dao.
Sage Path: Also known as the Path of Sitting at Home, the Path of The Afterlife, and the Way of Returning home. There are 15 Daoshou and 3014 Daoist disciples, and later merged with the Guanmen Dao.
Nine Palace Road: also known as Puji Buddhist Association, Central Road, Chinese Heavenly Path, Dawn Road, etc. There are 4 Daoist heads and 72 Daoist disciples.
Other daoist organizations in the county include the Vision Dao, the Ten Thousand Nations Moral Society, the Pingxin Society, the Monkey Society, the Earth Temple Society, the Tianxian Dao, the Longhua Sacred Church, and the Xihua Church.
Lingbi County
On the eve of liberation, there were more than 30 kinds of Daoist organizations in the county, including 987 Daoist leaders and 4479 Daoist disciples. Among them, there are 21 kinds of huidao gates with greater influence, namely: the Sage Dao (Guanmen Dao), the Consistent Dao, the Monkey Society, the Sanyuan Society, the Xiantian Dao, the Yixin Tiandao Huasheng Church, the Ten Nations Morality Society, the Changmao Dao, the Xihua Hall, the Great Dao Society (also known as the Red Gun Society), the Tianmen Dao, the Tongshan Society, the Hongqi Gate, the Tongren Dao, the Tianzhen Society, the Ditan Society (also known as the Earth Altar), the Great Buddha Gate, the Little Buddha Gate, the Sexual Reason, the Qianyuan Hall and the Lingshan Dao.
Monkey Club: Also known as the Ancient Buddha's Tao, because its Daoist disciples jump around when chanting mantras, it is called the Monkey Club by the masses.
Sanyuanhui: Also known as slow three-yuan, fast three-yuan. The so-called slow three-element is to sit cross-legged, close your mouth and pray, and cultivate immortals to become a Buddha; the fast three-element is to burn incense and prostrate one's head, catch demons and take evil. The founder is Qi Lianxiao of Lingbi County.
Xiantian Dao: Also known as Xihua Hall, Jinhua Hall, Sanhua Hall, Qianyuan Hall, Lotus Hall.
Moral Society of All Nations: also known as the Confucius Church, the Moral Society, and the Ten Thousand Character Society.
Tongshan Society: Also known as Tongshan Hall.
Temple of Earth: Also known as the Temple of Earth, the Temple of Heaven and Earth, and the Way of Vision. It was founded in the first year of the Republic of China (1912) by the sister-in-law (witch) of Tan Yuanlong in Youji North Tanlou Village, Lingbi County. Because it was founded by people surnamed Tan, it is called the Temple of Earth. His younger brothers Tan Yuanzhi and Tan Yuanlong were originally pot makers, but later stopped their craft and specialized in preaching.
Yixin Tiandao Huasheng Church: also known as Longhua Sheng Church, Yixin Tiandao, Yixin Hall, Long Hair Dao, Zhengxin Charity Association, Great East Asia Buddhist Federation, Yixin Sacred Church, Yizhen Dao, Charity Association, China Charity Relief Association, Qianjia Dao, Jiu Qianliu, Meishan Salvation Federation, Yixin Society, Gu Dun Society, Allah Yudao New Houtian.
Hongqi Gate: Also known as Red Flag Society, Dry Gate, Silver Gate.
Si County
There are 40 kinds of reactionary guilds in Sixian County, including the Sage Dao (also known as the Closed Gate Road), the Consistent Dao, the Xiantian Dao, the Monkey Society, and the Great Knife Society (in fact, it is also the Red Gun Society).
Distribution map of some huidaomen in Anhui Province in the early liberation period
2. A brief introduction to some of the deeds of the reactionary guilds before and after liberation
The various churches are complex and loosely organized, fraudulent, raped, or conspired to launch regional rebellions. In the northeast of Anhui, it has become a cancer in society. However, some of the huidaomen, inspired by simple patriotic feelings, had anti-Japanese acts during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
For example, the Red Gun Society in Wuhe County, in November of the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), more than 200 members of the Red Gun Society in Youxiang, Huangsaka, Xuantan, Guantangpu and other places, under the leadership of Chen Zi'an and Huang Ruhua, united hundreds of people from the Red Gun Society in Xiaoxihe and Linhuaiguan to go straight to Mingguang occupied by the Japanese invading army. The Japanese army saw the members of the Red Gun Society approaching, so they shot. The Red Gun Society was forced to withdraw due to its inferior weapons, which killed more than a dozen casualties. In March of the following year, more than 50 people of the Red Gun Society in the Area of Anhuai Ji and Wax Mouth, led by the teacher Zhong Wanzhang, and in coordination with the Linhuai Red Gun Society (President Ju Xiaochuan), the troops were divided into two roads and marched at the same time at dusk to the Japanese stronghold of Qiansaka. Chen Jiye (18 years old) blew the horn as an order, and Zhong Wanzhang commanded the charge and attacked the vicinity of The Former Ban village with a single blow. The Japanese army used machine guns to strafe, and the members of the Red Gun Society held large knives and red guns to rush forward because the Japanese fire was too fierce, and the members of the Red Gun Society suffered heavy casualties. Dozens of people, including Yang Shixiang, Ye Yu, Qua Nianzi, and Zheng San, were killed, and the teacher Zhong Wanzhang committed suicide before the battle.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, our Party also took the stand of uniting all forces that could be united to resist Japan, contacted and united some of the Huidaomen, and made a lot of efforts to better carry out the local anti-War work.
However, due to the historical reasons of the Huidaomen organization itself, they have embarked on the road of increasingly reactionary and self-isolation from the people. Here are some of the historical facts:
On March 14, 1941, the 30th year of the Republic of China (1941), the second battalion of the 27th Regiment of the Ninth Brigade of the 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army was stationed in the Huji area on the east bank of Tuohu Lake, preparing to open up the Tuoxi area. The six companies and the district brigade were stationed at the Dadong family on the west bank of Tuohu Lake. In the early morning of the 14th, the troops were in front of Dadongzhuang, and the puppet army Li Chengwu and some hooligans and dozens of members of the knife club came to challenge them, and Wang Jiantang and Lü Zhenqiu commanded the troops into battle. As a result, under the siege of the Japanese puppet army, company commander Sang Faying and more than 60 officers and men of the New Fourth Army all died heroically in the ensuing battle of the Wolf Cave.
On June 28, 1942, in the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942), the "Small Knife Society (Red Gun Society)" in the two districts of Xunnan and Tuoxi plotted a riot, which was suppressed by local armed forces in the county, and the head of the association, Du Jiazhao, was executed.
In July of the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), two Huidaomen riots occurred in Ludong District (present-day Mohekou District), two township cadres were killed, more than 20 spears were taken, and the township government house was burned. In the preaching, the closed door forced the masses to die 4 people. Shengxian Dao plotted to attack the district and township governments, snatched public grain, and demolished the railway, but was detected and failed.
In January 1954, the reactionary Huidaomen created rumors such as "Maoren Water Ghost" and introduced them from Fengyang and Jiashan to the county, causing many rural people to panic and dare not turn off the lights all night. The public security department dispatched more than 100 cadres to the countryside to dispel rumors, banned reactionary Daomen organizations, arrested 35 people who were large and small, and defrauded more than 10,000 people to retire. At the end of February, the rumors subsided.
Reactionary Daoists use such forms as "lowering the gods," "chanting mantras," and "seeing a doctor" to speak in a heavenly way, to deceive the masses, and to spread superstitious ideas. Amassed money through membership, donations, and other forms.
In May of the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), the Huidaomen riots occurred in Tongshan, Liuzhai and other places, and the county armed brigade and the troops of the Suxian Military Sub-district went to the scene to quell the riots, and after two days of fighting, the riots were quelled.
On July 22, 1958, Shi Qing'an, the head of the reactionary "Shengxian Dao" Dao, who was hidden in Zhangshizhuang, Xungou Township, gathered 14 Members of the Daoist Group, armed with murder weapons, and attacked the county detention center in an attempt to rob Wu Wanchang, the reactionary Daoist leader who had been arrested and imprisoned. After fierce fighting, 12 of the 14 Taoist disciples who broke into the courtyard of the detention center were killed, 1 wounded and 1 captured. Civilian police fighters 1 person was killed and 3 people were injured. The case was later reported nationwide by the Ministry of Public Security.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, in the Tuobei District of Wulingfeng County, the Dadao association organized hundreds of armed forces under the guise of "preventing bandits and protecting the family" and accepted the leadership and organization of the Wang puppet government in Wuhe County.
In June of the 30th year of the Republic of China (1941), under the control of the secret agent Sun Xuezhong, he organized a riot. The Red Gun Society in Hao Lane, Daqinjia, and Wahan gathered hundreds of people at the behest of Qin Guanglong and killed 8 local armed militiamen.
In the northern part of Sibei, there are activities such as the Sage Road and the Moral Society of All Nations to create rumors and sabotage the anti-Japanese struggle. These reactionary sects were successively suppressed or banned by the anti-Japanese democratic government.
In March 38, the head of the Guanmen Dao, Xiaomengzhuang, Ludong Township, Huangwei District, Li Wenming, Wang Dongyang, Liang Guangwen and others organized more than 140 Daoists to plan a riot, which was cracked by the public security organs. In November, Liang Jiajun, the leader of the Monkey Society in the district, mobilized more than 100 people in the congregation, claimed to be the commander, appointed more than 20 regiment, battalion, and company commanders, and colluded with Shi Zanyu, the head of guanmen Road in Tuodong District, Yuan Yufeng, and Tang Zongliang, the head of the reactionary road in Lingbi County, to plan to attack the district and township government, seize guns, kill cadres, and "pull up the big banner to pull a guerrilla attack."
In 1952, the heads of the Guanmen Road were connected to each other and were active in Pingshan, Dazhuang, Dunji, Heita and other districts.
On February 6, 1953, the county public security organs cracked the reactionary HuiDaomen headed by Shi Xiangyun and Zhou Jiatian, and sealed officials and commissions in Xiaozhao Zhuang of Kuihe Township and Zhou Liu Wangzhuang of Flagpole Township, creating flags, armbands, and symbols, and preparing large knives and spears in a vain attempt to attack Sicheng and Wuhe County.
3. Measures and actions of our Party and Government before and after liberation to crack down on the prohibition of reactionary councils
Image from the web
In June 1949, the Northern Anhui Military Region and the Northern Anhui People's Administrative Office jointly issued a notice announcing that reactionary meetings and Daomen would be strictly banned, and in accordance with the principle of "the first evil must be dealt with, coercion must be lenient, and meritorious service must be rewarded", the following methods were stipulated:
(i) All church organization shall be dissolved and shall not engage in any further activity,
(2) Resolutely and armed suppression of bandits who carry out riots, and all the masses participating in the meeting should be quickly separated.
(3) The Government shall resolutely deal with all bandits who instigate disturbances at the gates of the church, as well as the ringleaders of the chambers who are willing to play for the tiger. If he can repent, he immediately surrenders to the government, lays down his arms, and is allowed to be punished with a light punishment or a waiver of punishment.
(4) The ringleaders at all levels of the general meeting shall promptly register with the local public security organs, and if they can repent and rehabilitate, they shall be given leniency, and if they do not register, they shall continue their secret activities, and once they are discovered, they shall be severely punished.
(5) All the masses who have been coerced and deceived to participate in the meeting because of temporary carelessness will not be prosecuted as long as they voluntarily leave the meeting organization and no longer participate in the activities of the meeting, and if they can expose the conspiracy of the bandits and their various sabotage activities, they will not be punished, and if they are able to expose the conspiracy of the bandits and their various sabotage activities, they will not be lenient once they are found.
(6) Those who have been deceived into attending the meeting, those who have swords and spears or other weapons in possession, shall voluntarily surrender them, and the government may pay the price at its discretion. This is not the case for those who participate in riots.
On September 2, 1950, the Social Department of the East China Bureau issued the "Instructions on the Current Handling of Huidaomen (Draft)", requiring public security organs at all levels to investigate and solve cases, attack Daoshou, and suppress riots. On December 12, the People's Administrative Office of southern Anhui province also issued a notice banning all reactionary meetings and cracking down on the ringleaders.
From November 24 to December 3, 1952, the Fourth Provincial Public Security Conference decided to carry out a large-scale and comprehensive ban on reactionary guilds in the third stage of the suppression of counter-revolution. In accordance with the principle of "relying on the broad masses, mobilizing all the Daoist masses, striving to divide and disintegrate the heads of ordinary small roads, and cracking down on the heads of reactionary avenues," we should strive for the majority, isolate and crack down on the minority, strictly distinguish the boundaries, narrow the scope of the attack, and only ban the Taoist sects that have carried out riots (or attempted riots) or have reactionary activities after liberation. The main points of the crackdown are fivefold: (i) those who are the leaders of the mass riots or attempt to riot after liberation, (2) fraud, rape, crimes, public indignation, or blood debts; (3) those who are also bandits, bullies, spies, backbones of reactionary party groups, reactionary military, political, police, constitutional, official, and illegal landlords; (4) those who repent of surrendering themselves and then continue to carry out reactionary activities; (5) professional leaders who are above the level of a point teacher (or equivalent to such personnel). If there are counter-revolutionaries who have committed great evils and are indignant among the above-mentioned Daoist leaders, they must resolutely kill a number of them, and if they are not enough to execute the dead, they should be imprisoned and reformed through labor. The head of the road for unorganized or reactionary activities after liberation is not to be regarded as a reactionary head. Ordinary sub-altar masters (and other similar) and other backbone cadres, if they do not have the identity of other counter-revolutionary backbones, and are not accomplices and commanders of organizing riots, they will not be arrested, and they should be intensively trained to confess and repent in public, and after registration, they should be handed over to the control of the masses. Public security organs in all localities are conscientiously organizing implementation in accordance with their arrangements.
Suppressing riots is one of the important measures to ban reactionary meetings. The public security organs used armed repression and political disintegration to quell several reactionary Daoist and Huimen riots that occurred in northeast Anhui after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
On May 25, 1949, More than 1,500 Daoists were organized in Guanmendao, Wuhe County, to riot, attacking the district and township governments, killing 2 township cadres, taking more than 20 spears, smashing 1 car, and burning 2 township government houses. In the preaching, 4 people were forced to die. Shengxian Dao plotted to attack the district and township governments, snatched public grain, and demolished the railway, but was detected and failed.
In February 1950, Wuhe County carried out propaganda activities in some districts and townships to ban reactionary meetings and roads, and mobilized the masses to take the initiative to register for retreat. By April, there were 52 families and more than 1,300 People who had retired from the Taoist Path; He handed over 4 "Great Seals," 1 Book of The Purpose of the Taoist Society, 140 Copies of the Missionary Books, More Than 100 Tablets of the Dao, More Than 10 Bronze Badges, More Than 110 Pieces of Dao Ling Charms, 3 Great Seals of Certificates, 34 Pieces of Commission Orders, 10 Great Banners, and 2 Copies of the "Heaven-Penetrating Machine." By June, 4,227 practitioners had retired from the county.
In January 1953, 91 of the 113 townships in the county's 10 districts carried out a campaign to publicize and ban reactionary meetings. Held 409 cadre mobilization meetings, with 24,000 people participating; There were 774 mass meetings, with 161,000 people participating, and the educated masses accounted for 49.1% of the total population of the county. The arrest of 92 Road Leaders, more than 10,000 people retreated.
In January 1954, rumors about "Maoren Water Ghosts" spread from Fengyang and Jiashan to more than 30 townships in 8 districts of the county, causing the people's hearts to fluctuate and seriously affecting production. The rumors subsided, and the reactionary Huidaomen organization basically collapsed in Wuhe County.
In the early days of liberation, some huidaomen combined with reactionary armed groups to make enemies with the people's government and disrupt public order, and were successively banned by the public security departments.
In May 1949, the "Nine Palace Road" gathered Suxian, Lingbi, Huaiyuan and other local disciples, colluded with the armed bandits, attacked the Zhao Qiao and Songhe Township governments, was defeated by the public security forces, and a group of Dao leaders and Daoists were arrested. In the same year, the public security department learned according to reconnaissance that other huidaomen also had bad deeds of collusion with secret agents and remnant bandits. As a result, in 1952, the county public security organs were ordered to ban the reactionary Huidaomen organization. In April, a working group of 18 people rushed to ZhaoQiao Township in Tuohe District to carry out the pilot work of banning reactionary meetings and doors. It has concentrated more than 30 people in the first few days of the big and small roads; Hundreds of Daoist disciples studied the relevant documents, and at the same time declared the 9 kinds of Sect Gate Sage Dao, Consistent Dao, Xiantian Dao, Nine Palace Dao, Monkey Society, Tianmen Dao, Da Dao Society, Xihua Hall and Changmao Dao as reactionary organizations and banned them. Through study, most Daoist disciples have clearly recognized the bad deeds of the reactionary Huidaomen, consciously drawn a line with the reactionary Huidaomen, and taken the initiative to go through the procedures for registration of the retreat.
In 1953, after the registration work was carried out in 8 districts and 183 townships (towns) in the county at the same time, the Daoshou who had destructive activities were handed over to the masses for supervision and transformation, and as long as the general Daoists went through the formalities for retirement, the government did not pursue any responsibility. In the work of banning the crime, the public security organs successively registered 17,387 Daoist disciples, confiscated 43 bronze Buddha statues, 26 various symbols and badges, 16 books of scriptures, 6 pieces of Taoist clothing, 546 knives and guns, and 208 earthen guns (cannons). Since then, the banned reactionary guild gate has temporarily disappeared.
In the spring of 1957, "Wu Wanchang, Wan Xiancheng, Chen Xingyun, and others, the leaders of the Shengxian Dao, plotted to attack the governments of Xungou, Gaolou, and Dalu Township on the Ninth Yang Festival in the early ninth month of the lunar calendar, seized guns and grain, established strongholds, and made enemies of the people's government. On the morning of 21 July, Shi Qing'an, at his home in ZhangShizhuang, Gou Township, secretly prepared weapons such as shuttle markers, sickles, axes, three-stranded forks, and vises, and set off on foot at 10 p.m. that night, arriving at the double locust tree in the north of the county at dawn the next day, where he met Chen Xihai and 14 other people. They flaunted the Dao banner and armed with a murder weapon, set off firecrackers after entering the city from Beiguan, arrived at the north gate of the detention center at 5:30 a.m., first stabbed the gatekeeper, broke into the courtyard, and then stabbed the inner post. At this time, the people in the room who tried to escape were fighting with the people who stopped them. Another group of Taoists sneaked into the armed police dormitory, injuring 5 police officers and killing 1.
Upon receiving the report, Fang Zhonghua, secretary of the county party committee, immediately organized and commanded public security cadres and policemen and cadres of the Military Service Bureau, the county party committee, and county government organs to tightly surround the armed Daoists who broke into the courtyard of the detention center. After 40 minutes of fierce fighting, 12 people were killed, 1 wounded, 1 captured alive, and all the murder weapons, flags and armbands were captured. Afterwards, the county public security organs filed a case for investigation, arrested the rest of the people involved in the riots, and summed up lessons learned and strengthened preventive measures in the prison. The Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China informed the whole country of the case.
In the autumn of the same year, the public security organs conducted an inventory of the reactionary Taoist sect gates that had been banned; Register the remaining Daoist disciples one by one, and create cards for the Daoist leaders and backbone elements above the master of the church one by one, and set up a file for archiving. In 1980, the Suxian district public security department conducted an investigation into the reactionary Huidaomen organization that had been banned. The results found that 61 people in 76 villages in 44 townships in 13 districts (towns) of the county had not gone through the procedures for delisting and had been active. In this regard, the public security department has taken corresponding measures to control it.
In March 1949, Li Wenming, Wang Dongyang, Liang Guangwen, the head of the Guanmen Dao, Xiaomengzhuang, Ludong Township, Huangwei District, organized more than 140 Daoists to plan a riot, which was cracked by the public security organs. In November, Liang Jiajun, the leader of the Monkey Society in the district, organized more than 100 members of the congregation, claimed to be the commander, appointed more than 20 regiment, battalion, and company commanders, colluded with Shi Zanyu, the head of the Guanmen Road in Tuodong District, Yuan Yufeng, the head of the reactionary road in Lingbi County, and Tang Zongliang, to plan to attack the district and township governments, rob guns, kill cadres, and "pull up the big banner to pull a guerrilla attack." This was also promptly detected by the county public security bureau, and the leading member Liang Jiajun was arrested and punished.
On December 11, 1950, Zhang Daoren, the head of The Guanmen Road in Sixian County, was shot in public trial according to law.
In 1952, the heads of the Guanmen Road were connected to each other and were active in Pingshan, Dazhuang, Dunji, Heita and other districts. From January to August 1953, the third phase of the anti-rebellion was carried out with the suppression of reactionary guild gates as the center. The county party committee drew 176 people and went deep into key areas and townships such as Dazhuang, Pingshan, and Dunji to organize party and group cadres to publicize the party's policies. Many of the leaders of the small roads repented, and some of the reactionary leaders fell into isolation and were criticized, struggled, and punished by the broad masses of cadres and the masses.
The reactionary Hui Daomen, headed by Shi Xiangyun and Zhou Jiatian, sealed officials and commissions in Xiaozhao Zhuang, Kuihe Township, and Zhou Liu Wangzhuang, Flagstaff Township, made flags, armbands, and symbols, prepared large knives and spears, and tried in vain to attack Sicheng and Wuhe County, and on February 6, 1953, they were detected by the county public security organs. 27 scriptures were seized, 1 ling banner, 1 command stick, 1 command belt, 19 "Dharma" sheets, 9 bronze Buddha statues, 1 rifle, 3 earthen guns, and some reactionary documents, led by Shi Xiangyun, Zhou Jiatian, Yao Ruifu, Zhao Shoujing, Tian Guangjun, Mo Chengwen, and Li Quan.
In the summer of 1958, within one month, 30 kinds of meetings such as innocence, heavenly chance, bagua, and underground hall were banned.
At this point, the reactionary Huidaomen basically disappeared in northeast Anhui.
bibliography:
"Chronicle of Wuhe County" was published by Zhejiang People's Publishing House in August 1992
"Lingbi County Chronicle" was published by Zhejiang People's Publishing House in June 1991
"Sixian Chronicle" was published by Zhejiang People's Publishing House in August 1990
"Integration of Historical Materials of Chinese Huidaomen: The Organization and Distribution of Huidaomen in the Past Hundred Years" (Part 1 and Part 2), published by China Social Science Press in August 2004
China's Secret Society (Volumes 1-7) was published by Fujian People's Publishing House in October 2002
"Eradicating Cults: A Narrative of the Republic Eradicating Reactionary Sects" was published by the Central Literature Publishing House in November 1999
Reference text:
"The People's Power's Ban on the Huidaomen in northern Anhui In the Early Liberation Period" by Liang Jiagui and Luo Guohui
"The Huidaomen and Rural Society before and after the Founding of the People's Republic of China: Taking Anhui as an Example" He Kongjiao