Hebei Red Rural Tourist City is actually the oldest city in Xinji - Zhencheng
Xu Shuzhai
Hebei Province Xinji City has a long history and is a beautiful thousand-year-old village. During the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Julu County, and at the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, it was the capital of the State of Zhaohou, called Zhaocheng, and after the Marquis of Qin, it was changed to Zhao County, and Zhaocheng was the county seat. "Water Commentary" Cloud: The southeast of the Hundred Foot Ditch passes through the west of The City, and the Water of Si Wei flows through the north of the City. Since the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dachecheng has successively belonged to Yan County, Anguo County, Anding County, Yancheng County, Lucheng County, Shulu County, and Xinji City. In the Ming Dynasty, checheng was called checheng, and during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, checheng was changed to checheng. Here is rich in products and mineral deposits, not only the folk customs are simple, the scenery is beautiful, but also the spirit of the earth, there are many monuments, the accumulation is deep, and many corners have engraved a deep historical mark.
Note: The "Shulu County Chronicle" records that Checheng is the site of the "Ancient City of Western Liang". This statement is wrong, the ruins of the "Ancient City of Western Liang" are in the present-day Xicheng Village of Xinji. For details, see my article "Where are the five thousand-year-old han dynasty ancient cities in Xinji City, Hebei Province" now.
In order to understand the humanistic history of the ancient village of Dachecheng, we visited Liu Ruchang, the former secretary of the party branch and director of the village. Mr. Liu Ruchang is knowledgeable and loves calligraphy and painting, and introduced us to the historical evolution, monuments, historical stories and local customs of the ancient village one by one.
In August 2021, Dachecheng Village was selected by the Hebei Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism and the Third Batch of Hebei Provincial Development and Reform Commission as the third batch of key villages and towns in Hebei Province. At present, Dachecheng Village has built the former site of the underground combat readiness command center, the above-ground theme square, the amusement park, the exhibition hall, the parking lot, the tourist comprehensive service station, the centennial pear garden, etc., covering a total area of about 92 acres, and the core landscape area covers an area of 12 acres. Focusing on the theme of "integration of red patriotism education base and rural tourism", it actively leads tourists to experience the century-old pear garden picking and tasting, sightseeing experience, farm stay, culture and art, etc., attracting surrounding tourists for leisure and vacation, and has been praised by the majority of tourists. (Editor's note: I suggest that the scenic spot add the rare historical monument of "Han Dynasty Millennium Ancient City - Ruins of the City Wall of The Dragon City". ）
In 221 BC, "six kings bi, four seas and one", Qin Shi Huang unified the world and established a centralized feudal empire. Qin Shi Huang abandoned the division of the Xia and Shang dynasties and divided the country into thirty-six first-class administrative districts, namely the Thirty-six Counties, and Dachecheng belonged to Julu County.
The Han Dynasty inherited the "county system" of the Qin Dynasty, and Liu Bang, while implementing the "county system", also made meritorious servants as marquises and implemented the feudal system, including kingdoms and marquisates. The Western Han Dynasty marquisates have the equivalent of counties, and some are equivalent to townships, but they are all independent and stated. There are hundreds of households in the small hou state, and there are tens of thousands of households in the big hou state, which is called the ten thousand household hou. The greater the number of households, the greater its strength and the stronger its ability.
In March of the sixth year of Han Gaozu (201 BC), he set up the Marquis of Zhen (equivalent to a county), the capital of the city of Zhaocheng (present-day Dachecheng), which was the first houguo (county) in the history of Xinji. Marquis Fu Hu of The Second Rank, With Yue Hu from Breaking Qin, Entering Han, Ding San qin, attacking Xiang Yu with Du Wei, (Thousand) Six Hundred Households, Gongbi Tai Hou (Marquis Thirty-sixth). 谥 "Qi", later known as "Marquis of Qi". In the eighth year of Gaozu (199 BC), he passed on his son Fang Shan (reigned 199 BC to 179 BC), and died in the name of "Gong". In the first year of Xiaowen 's reign (179 BC), his son Chi (reigned 179 BC to 168 BC), and in the twelfth year of Xiaowen (168 BC), he died in Chi(殁). Chuanzi Will (reigned 168 BC – 124 BC) Washu Of the Fifth Year of Yuan Shuo (124 BC), known as "Kang". Chuanzi Chai (reigned 124 BC – 116 BC), Yuan Ding Yuan (116 BC), Hou Chai sat on the killing and abandoned the city, and the state was changed to Zhen County.
The Fourth Dynasty of the Emperor of the Chu Dynasty, from 201 BC to 116 BC, in the 85th year of the calendar. In the fourth year of Emperor Xuan of Han 's reign ( 62 BC ) , Fu Hu harmed The Marquis of Qihe , Fu Hu Harmed The Duke of Xuansun Maoling ( Explained : Fu Shi , The Marquis of Qi , Fu Hu Harmed The Duke of Xuan , who lived in Maoling , was a knightly duke ) , that is, restored his ancestral status , and is known in history as "Zhao Fu Jia".
In order to resist foreign invasion and safeguard his own ruling interests, Fu Huhao, the Marquis of Zhen, and his descendants built the walls of The Imperial City. The city wall is made of rammed earth, the city gate is a brick-concrete structure, five miles around, 750 meters long from east to west, 500 meters wide from north to south, 10 meters high, 5 meters wide on the top, and four gates built. In the 1960s, the old walls of the southern and western walls of the city are still visible, and later houses were built. The mound in the east of the village is the site of the east gate of the ancient city of Zhencheng, which gradually disappeared after the 1980s due to the use of soil by villagers. At present, the north shiqiu of Dachecheng Village is the north gate of the ancient city of Zhaocheng and part of the earthen city wall, and the ruins still exist today. From the ruins of the North City Gate, you can still see the prosperity of the ancient city, the north gate of the city and the ruins of the tucheng wall are about six meters high, about ten meters wide, and about 150 meters long from east to west, and look at a huge mound in the distance. The ruins were reclaimed into a flat land with fruit trees and crops such as corn and wheat, and the ruins of the tucheng wall were also developed into land by villagers, and the vegetation above the tucheng wall was dense. If you don't know, few people can think that this huge mound is actually the site of the ancient city wall of the Han Dynasty with a history of more than 2,000 years. Ancient ruins are non-replicable ruins, if no measures are taken to protect it, it will not be long before this historic Han Dynasty ancient city ruins are likely to disappear, and I hope that the relevant departments will pay attention to and protect this monument.
At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and in the first year (23 years), Geng Chun, a member of the Song Dynasty (present-day Zhao County), led more than 2,000 clan guests to the county seat of Zhao County to welcome Liu Xiu. Liu Xiu ordered Geng Chun to be the vanguard and retake Song Zi. In the first two years (24 years), Liu Xiu attacked Zhen County.
Geng Chun (?) –37 years), ziboshan. A native of Julu Songzi (present-day Zhao County, Hebei). Kindergarten Chang'an, except for the Nayanshi. At the beginning, he was worshiped by Li Yibai as a knight lieutenant, and was ordered to gather Zhao and Wei. Later, he was attached to Liu Xiu, a former general, from the Broken King Lang and the Bronze Horse Army. Liu Yang, the King of Zhending, plotted rebellion and was beheaded by Pure Design. Chang congregation, fixed the marquis of Dongguang. For the East County is too punctual, the territory is stable, and the officials are satisfied. After his death, he became a marquis. Geng's descendant Shulu County (Xinji) Liangma Town Geng Fu, the character Boxi. At the time of the Golden Yuan, Heshuo stole it, the county officials went to the county, and the crowd pushed Geng Fu to take the government of Lulu County. During the Yuan Dynasty, he paid homage to the general of the Zhen state, the envoy of the Anding Prefecture Festival, the marshal of the palace, and the general of the auxiliary state. In the north of the stone stele village in present-day Xinji City, there is also a tall stone stele of General Geng Fu's "Yuan Zhongshu Zuo Cheng Geng Huan Ancestral Monument".
During the Jianwu period (25-26) of the Guangwu Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the five princely states (counties) of Yan County and Yan (郻), Anding, Lexin, and Western Liang were merged into Yan County, and Zhencheng became a village and town, and later The city gradually became Checheng. According to the "Shulu County Chronicle Transcription", the village is the ruins of Hancheng County, 贳 (土音 she), Cheyin nearby, and Che is easy to write and easy to recognize, so it was renamed Checheng.
In the early years of Ming Hongwu, he began to implement the policy of "emigrating to Tuntian", and during the Yongle years, the people migrated from Hongdong, Shanxi to Checheng to occupy the property and establish a business, which was integrated with the local indigenous people's name.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Checheng was called Zhuangzhuang, and had jurisdiction over the three villages of Checheng Village (Checheng Village was changed to Dachecheng Village during the Qianlong Period of the Qing Dynasty), Xiaochecheng Village, and Zhao Ma Village.
During the Ming Dynasty, Checheng Village had already begun to plant fruit trees, and the varieties were mainly pear trees. Due to its long history of cultivation, in the 1960s, it was the export base of Tianjin duck pear. Now the garden is full of ancient trees, iron and rugged, black scales, branches are strong, and they escape from the sky. In the flowering season, the trees are full of ice muscles and jade bones, and the flowers are as white as silver, sprinkled with cold fragrance. There is a large pear tree with a trunk diameter of nearly one meter, a circumference of more than three meters, a height of about six meters, and a canopy covering an area of more than 50 square meters. It is known as the oldest and largest "Pear Tree King" in Xinji.
During the Qing Dynasty, the famous cultural checheng set up a troupe called "QingfengHui", and in 1950, it changed with the times to the "Times Troupe" to "Five Cavity Class" to sing in five tones, such as old tunes and silk strings, and in order to cooperate with the political movement of the Party Central Committee to break superstition in the countryside, Mr. Li Shengxin, the great Confucian of our village, wrote new dramas such as "Ximen Leopard" and "Wanmin Huan" and other plays often performed in Nangong, Xinhe, Jizhou, Ningjin and other places, which were well received by the people.
During the Republic of China, Mr. Li Shengxin, a native of Dachecheng, can be called a generation of famous Confucians in the hundred miles, and is good at writing, editing, calligraphy and painting, etc., which has played a huge role in promoting the traditional and excellent culture in his hometown. He participated in the editing of the "Shulu County Five Zhi Joint Journal", and was later introduced by the famous painter Shulu ren Zhao Wangyun to the painting of the American College sponsored by General Feng Yuxiang of Tai'an, Shandong Province, and after Feng's army withdrew to the south, Li Shengxin returned to her hometown to run a school to teach Sangzi. In the nineteenth year of the Republic of China (1930), Li Shengxin's book "The New Collection of Rewards" was published, and he also edited "Dialect Vulgar Characters" and "Medicinal Three Character Classics". After the "July 7 Incident" to 1938, he served as the director of the village peasant association and the director of the General Mobilization Committee of the National Revolutionary War.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Yao Lingjiu, the kuomintang governor of Shulu County, fled in fear of the enemy. In March 1938, the anti-Japanese democratic government of Shulu County was established, which was subordinate to the newly established Ji'nan First Prefectural Committee and a District. At the beginning of September 1939, Political Commissar Deng Xiaoping led the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army to Shulu and held a meeting attended by cadres at and above the company level of the army and the principal leaders of local prefectures and counties under the old pear tree in the north of Dachecheng Village, Shulu County, where the first sub-district of Ji'nan was stationed. Wang Yabo, secretary of the Shulu County CPC Committee, Hao Huacun, deputy secretary and director of the organization department, and Li Li, editor-in-chief of the "Torrent News," and other comrades attended the meeting.
At the meeting, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, dressed in a gray cloth military uniform and wearing a belt around his waist, spoke amid warm applause. On behalf of the Northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, he first extended cordial greetings to the vast number of soldiers and civilians fighting in the frontline of the Anti-Japanese War, and then conveyed the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee. He demanded that military cadres study war in war and adhere to Comrade Mao Zedong's "sixteen-character policy" on guerrilla warfare. Comrade Deng Xiaoping's speech this time has cleared the fog in people's hearts. Li Lin (1914-1940, a native of Wei County, Hebei Province), was successively the political commissar of the independent detachment of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army in the EastWard Column, the commander of the 1st Sub-district of the Ji'nan Military Region, and the commander and political commissar of the 25th Regiment of the New Ninth Brigade of the 129th Division. He said with deep feeling: "It is really 'better to listen to Jun's words than to read ten years of books'!" Since then, the anti-Japanese guerrilla war in Shulu County has been vigorously unfolding, and in just over half a year, it has won major victories such as the night attack on the old city, the battle of Nanxinzhuang, the battle of East Liu Zhang, and the battle of Liujiazhuang.
In the spring of 1940, the leading organ of the First Sub-district of Southern Hebei was surrounded by the Japanese army in the village of Dachecheng, and the 385th Brigade and the 386th Brigade of our army rushed to the rescue. In the fierce battle, Zhang Changgui, the head of the hoe rape unit of the first sub-district, and 42 soldiers died heroically, buried here, and buried on the ruins of the southern city wall of the southern ancient city of Checheng Village, which is called "on the city".
In March 1969, after the Zhenbao Island incident, the mainland and the Soviet Union broke up, relations deteriorated, border armed conflicts intensified, the central government announced that the whole country had entered a state of first-level combat readiness, and on September 30, 1969, Shulu County established a combat readiness regiment. In order to implement the instructions of the party Central Committee on preventing the Soviet revisionists from making surprise attacks and making preparations for the war against aggression, Shulu County decided to build an underground combat readiness command center; since Dachecheng Village has a glorious history of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression, the combat readiness command center was located in the village, and the site was located on the site of the northern wall of the northern Han Dynasty City in Dachecheng Village, which was surrounded by trees and trees, and the geographical location was very hidden.
In 1970, the headquarters broke ground and completed it in more than a year. At the same time, a combat readiness hospital was established in the northwest corner of GengQiansi Village, 1.5 kilometers southeast of Dachecheng Village, and a 3-kilometer war readiness road was opened around it, forming a complete combat readiness engineering system.
The former site of the Shulu County Underground Combat Readiness Command Center is in an east-west direction, with a total length of more than 84 meters, an average width of 1.2 meters, 2 east-west entrances and exits, 2 observation guard forts, 5 command rooms, living rooms, warehouses, etc. Its construction reflects the fact that the people of Shulu County responded to the call of the Party Central Committee at that time, in the case of changes in the international environment, implemented the strategic thinking and instruction spirit of the party and the state, thought of danger in times of peace, and always "prepared for war, prepared for famine, and for the people." The sun and the moon are like shuttles, time flies, and every item records a story. Today, the Shulu County Underground Combat Readiness Headquarters has become a red rural tourism and patriotic education base in Xinji.
Today's Big Car City, people are rich in material and spirit. In order to improve the cultural life of the broad masses, inherit the genes of the Red Revolution, and carry forward the excellent traditional Culture of China, a beautiful cultural and sports square and a large-scale calligraphy and painting exhibition hall were built, a calligraphy and painting exchange association was established, a number of Spring Festival calligraphy and painting exhibitions were held, and four volumes of calligraphy and painting collections were published. In the past ten years, every autumn, the opera team has been invited to perform in the village, and the activities of the village opera troupe have been restored, which has not only satisfied the masses' yearning for a better life, but also improved the villagers' pursuit of spiritual culture, and wished the peasant friends a better and better life.
January 17, 2022 at YuntaoZhai