"Thousand years of cypress, 10,000 years of cedar, not as good as a catalpa tree", this is said to be a catalpa tree, it not only has a high economic value, but also has environmental protection, ornamental and other irreplaceable superiority. Catalpa tree is one of the few ancient living fossil tree species, known as the "King of Hundred Trees", recognized by the United Nations Health Association as "Human Health Tree Species", is the mainland's excellent timber forest, shelter forest and landscaping tree species.
1. Introduction to plants
Catalpa bungei C. A. Mey.) is a deciduous tree of the genus Catalpa in the family Catalpa family catalpa, 8–12 m tall. The leaves are triangular ovate or ovate oblong, 6–15 cm long and up to 8 cm wide, with a long tapering apex, truncated at the base, broadly wedge-shaped or heart-shaped, sometimes with 1-2 teeth at the base, dark green leaf surface, glabrous on the leaf back; petiole length 2–8 cm. Apical umbel-shaped inflorescences with 2-12 flowers. Calyx buds are spherical in shape, with 2 cracked lips and 2 pointed teeth at the apex. The corolla is pale red with 2 yellow stripes and dark purple spots on the inside, 3–3.5 cm long. The capsules are linear, 25–45 cm long and about 6 mm wide. The seeds are narrow and oval, about 1 cm long and about 2 cm wide, with hairs growing at both ends. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruit period is from June to October.
2. Growth environment
Catalpa trees are native to China. Catalpa tree is a light-loving tree species, prefers warm and humid climate, is not cold tolerant, and is suitable for growing in areas with an average annual temperature of 10-15 degrees Celsius and an annual precipitation of 700-1200 mm. Root tillers and budding abilities are strong. It grows rapidly in deep, moist, fertile, loose neutral, slightly acidic and calcareous soils, and can grow normally in light saline and alkaline soils, and grows poorly on dry and thin gravel soils and poorly structured clay soils, and even in the pathological state of small old trees. It is sensitive to soil moisture, is not drought tolerant and water wet, and cannot grow in places with low-lying water and excessive groundwater levels (below 0.5 m). It has strong resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and chlorine. Seedlings grow slowly.
3. Application value
Economy: Catalpa tree has a long history, according to research, dating back to the geological age of the four seasons before the Glacial Eocene North China and other regions of the distribution of catalpa trees, is one of the few ancient living fossil tree species that have been preserved after the transformation of China's prehistoric geological and geomorphological structure. Catalpa tree is one of the precious timber tree species in China, with good material, wide range of uses and high economic value, ranking first among hundred trees. Catalpa ring pore wood, the early wood is narrow, the evening wood is wide, the annual ring is clear; the heartwood contains impregnation. The density of wood is 0.617 g/m2, which is equivalent to nan wood and neem, and is higher than the wood of walnut catalpa and yellow pineapple. Catalpa is a high-grade timber species of broad-leaved trees; the elongation strength is medium, smaller than that of hard wood such as oak, and larger than that of soft wood species such as poplar, willow and elm; the flexural strength greatly exceeds that of most coniferous broad-leaved tree species; the impact toughness is high, and the broad-leaved tree is ranked before the grass. Catalpa wood has many structural characteristics and excellent technical characteristics. Its trunk is straight, less knotted, good wood properties; the wood grain is straight, the pattern is beautiful, the texture is tough and dense, strong and durable, the insulation performance is good, the water and moisture resistance, the corrosion resistance, the insect moth is not easy; the processing is easy, the section is smooth, the nailing force is medium, and the paint and adhesive adhesion are good. Catalpa wood is widely used and is listed as an important material in China, specifically for processing high-grade commodities and special products. It is mainly used for stocks, models, ships, or veneers and decorative materials with good wood-based panels; in addition, it is also used in carriages, musical instruments, crafts, cultural and sporting goods, etc.
Garden: Catalpa tree tree shape is beautiful, flowers large color for garden ornamentation; or the leaves are densely hairy, the skin is densely branched, which is conducive to sound insulation, sound reduction, noise prevention, dust retention, this type is unique in the leaves, flowers, branches, fruits, bark, crown shape, with high ornamental value and greening effect. Catalpa trees have strong resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and chlorine, can purify the air, and are excellent tree species for greening the city and improving the environment.
Catalpa trees are generally propagated using sowing, cuttings, grafting and burying roots. With the passage of time, the traditional means of seedlings can not meet the increasing demand for seedlings, the use of new, efficient breeding methods are what we are currently pursuing, for this reason, open source Chuangzhong Agriculture has included catalpa trees in the research and development list of plant non-test tube efficient fast propagation technology. Plant non-test tube efficient fast propagation technology (TERNPC) is a new plant cloning new system, completely out of laboratory conditions, can be no variation, low cost, short cycle, large-scale, industrialized large-scale rapid reproduction production, long production season, high reproductive coefficient, low cost of large-scale production, extremely wide adaptability, regardless of the north and south, all year round can be used to reproduce with this technology.