Past Nobel Laureates in Literature, how many do you know?

The Nobel Prize in Literature is one of the five Nobel Prizes established in accordance with Nobel's will in 1895 to reward the best works in the field of literature that produce idealistic tendencies. Do you know who the Nobel Prize in Literature winners have been since the establishment of the Nobel Prize in Literature?

In 2021

Abdulzak Gürna, a Native of Tanzania, whose representative works include "Paradise", "Desert", "Seaside"

Reasons for the award: Because of his influence on colonialist literary writing, the uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the fate of refugees in the gulf between different cultural continents.

In 2020

Louise Glick, contemporary American poetess, major collections of poems include: "The FirstBorn", "The House in the Swamp", "The Image of The Descent", "The Victory of Achilles", "Mount Alle", "Wild Iris"

Reason for the award: Her poetic voice and simple beauty make the existence of the individual universal.

In 2019

Peter Handke, the famous Austrian novelist and playwright, is one of the most important writers of contemporary German-language literature and one of the most controversial, known as the "living classic". He is the author of novels such as "The Anxiety of Goalkeepers Facing Penalties", "Recurrence", "Sorrow of Desirelessness", "Left-handed Women", "Scolding the Audience", "Caspar", "Moments Like Strangers" and so on.

Why: He explored the periphery and particularity of the human experience with his far-reaching works and linguistic ingenuity.

In 2018

Olga Tokarczuk, one of the most influential novelists in contemporary Poland, has translated his works into 27 languages. In 1987, he entered the literary world with the poetry collection "The City in the Mirror", and then published novels such as "The Travels of the Characters in the Book", "E.E", "Taikoo and Other Time".

Reason for the award: With an encyclopedic narrative imagination, he crossed boundaries as a form of his life.

In 2017

Kazuo Ishiguro is a Japanese-British writer. Representative works "Distant Mountains And Shadows", "The Long Day Will End"

Reason for the award: With its great emotional power, it excavated the abyss hidden under the illusion of our connection to the world.

In 2016

Bob Dylan is an American folk artist. Representative works such as "The Answer Is Drifting in the Wind" and "Times Are Changing" and so on.

Reason for the award: New poetic forms were created in the great American song tradition.

In 2015

Svetlana is a Belarusian woman writer. She specializes in documentary literature, and has written documentary literature in the form of interviews with parties, recording major events in human history such as World War II, the Afghan War, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the Chernobyl accident. His representative works include: "The Non-Female Face of War", "The Last Witness", "The Zinc Boy", "The Call of Death", "Memories of Chernobyl: An Oral History of the Nuclear Disaster" and so on.

Reason for the award: Her polyphonic works are a memorial to the hardships and courage of our time.

In 2014

Patrick Modiano is a French writer whose representative works include: "Dark Shop Street", "Sunday in August", "Youth Cafe", "Horizon" and so on.

Reasons for the award: Awakens the memory of the most difficult to capture the fate of mankind and exposes the occupation of human life.

In 2013

Alice Monroe is a Canadian writer whose representative works include "Dance in the Shade" and "The Process of Love".

Reason for the award: The master of the contemporary short story.

In 2012

Mo Yan is the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Representative works include "Red Sorghum", "Sandalwood Punishment", "Fat Buttocks", "Wine Country", "Life and Death Fatigue", "Frog" and so on. His creations combine reality and fantasy, historical and social perspectives. The world in which he is created is reminiscent of the fusion of Faulkner and Márquez's works, while at the same time finding a starting point in traditional Chinese literature and oral literature.

Reason for the award: Using magic realism to write, it integrates folk tales, historical events and contemporary contexts.

In 2011

Thomas Tronström, Swedish poet. In 1954, he published the poetry collection "17 Poems", which caused a sensation in the poetry world. His collections include Secrets on the Way, Half-Completed Skies, Timbre and Footprints, Seeing the Darkness, Savage Square, For the Living and the Dead, and Sorrow gondola.

Reason for the award: Because through his concise, translucent imagery, we have a new experience of the real world.

In 2010

Mario Vargas Llosa, born in Arequipa, Peru, is a writer and poet of dual Peruvian and Spanish citizenship. His representative works include the novels "The City and the Dog", "The Green House" and "The Long Talk of the Bar".

Reasons for the award: For his cartographically delicate depiction of the structure of power and his poignant portrayal of individual images of resistance, rebellion, and frustration.

In 2009

Herta Miller is a German writer. His major works include "Lowland" and "Green Plum in the Wind".

Why she won the prize: Her work "combines the condensation of poetry with the frankness of prose, depicting the situation of the person who has nothing and has nothing to pin down."

In 2008

Jean-Marie Gustav Le Crezio is a French writer. His major works include "Proceedings", "The Gold Seeker", "Travels in Rodrigue Island", "The Experience That Changed My Life", "Urania" and so on.

Why he was awarded: He was a writer who pioneered new avenues, had poetic adventures, gave people sensual pleasures, and was an explorer of human nature outside the existing prevailing civilizations.

In 2007

Doris Lessing is a British writer. His major works include "Grass Singing", "Violent Children", "Martha Quest", "Good Luck", "The Aftermath of the Storm", "Surrounded by Land", "City of Four Doors", "Golden Notes", "Surviving Memoirs", "Summer Before Darkness" and so on.

Why: She examines a divided civilization with the power of doubt, enthusiasm, and imagination, and her work is like an epic of the female experience.

In 2006

Orhan Pamuk is a Turkish writer. His major works include Governor Sevdette and His Sons, Silent House, White Castle, Black Book, New Life, My Name Is Red, Snow, Istanbul, etc.

Why: Discover new symbols of clashing and intertwining civilizations in pursuit of the melancholy soul of his homeland.

In 2005

Harold Pinter is a British playwright. His major works include The Caretaker (1960), The Birthday Party (1958), And The Home Coming (1965).

Reason for the award: His play discovers the thrill of being masked by everyday nonsense and forcibly opens the room closed by the suppressor.

In 2004

Elfrid Jellinek is an Austrian writer. His major works include novels such as "Female Lovers", "We Are Liars, Baby" and "Lust". She was the first Austrian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Why: Because her novels and plays have a musical rhythm, her work reveals in extraordinary, passionate language the antiquated phenomena of society and the absurdity of its confinement.

In 2003

Coetzee is a South African writer. His major works include the novels "Waiting for the Barbarians", "The Dark Country", "From the Heart of the Nation", "Shame", "Age of Steel" and so on.

Reason for the award: Accurately portrayed the essence of human nature under many masks.

In 2002

Keltes Imre, Hungarian writer. His major works include the novels "Non-Doom", "Fiasco", "Praying for an Unborn Child" and so on.

Reasons for the award: In recognition of his profound portrayal of the painful experiences of vulnerable individuals against powerful and barbaric powers, as well as his unique autobiographical literary style.

In 2001

Vesunai Paul is a British writer of Indian descent. His major works include the novels "The Mysterious Masseuse", "Miguel Street", "River Bend", "Flag on the Island", "Beyond Faith", "Mysterious Newcomer" and so on.

Why: His work, which combines an insightful narrative with an unconventional quest, is what drives us to find truth in distorted history.

Year 2000

Gao Xingjian is a French-Chinese, playwright and novelist. His major works include the plays "Absolute Signal", "Savage", "Station", the novel "Spirit Mountain", "One Man's Bible" and so on. In 2000, his work "Lingshan" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: The universal value of his work, the unforgettable insight and the rich wit of the language have opened up new avenues for Chinese fiction and artistic drama.

In 1999

Günter Glass is a German writer. His major works include the poetry collection "The Virtues of the Hyacinth Chicken" and "Triangle Orbit"; the plays "Flood", "Uncle, Uncle", "Evil Cook", "Civilian Experimental Uprising", etc.; the novel "Tin Drum", "Cat and Mouse", "Extraordinary Years" collectively known as "Danzig Trilogy".

Reason for the award: Its tragic allegories in its playfulness depict the historical face of human forgottenness.

In 1998

José Zaramago is a Portuguese journalist and writer. His major works include the novels "History of the Siege of Lisbon", "BlindNess Chronicles", "Monastery Chronicles" and so on.

Why: Thanks to his imaginative, compassionate and ironic work, we were able to relive that elusive history over and over again.

In 1997

Dario Foo is an Italian satirical playwright. His major works include the plays "The Mystery of Comedy", "The Death of an Anarchist", "We Can't and Won't Pay", "Big-Breasted Devil" and so on.

Reason for the award: His achievements in flogging authority and praising the valuable personality qualities of the ravaged are comparable to those of the medieval Rigoletto.

In 1996

Šimbolska was a Polish poet. His major works include the poetry collections "We Live for This", "Ask Ourselves Questions", "Calling the Snowman", "Salt", "A Hundred Pleasures", "History on the Bridge", "End and Beginning" and so on.

Reason for the award: Because of his subtle irony in the art of poetry, he excavated the deep meaning of historical changes and biological evolution behind the real life of human beings bit by bit.

In 1995

Heaney, Irish poet. His major works include the poetry collections "The Death of a Naturalist", "The Door to Darkness", "Winter Outside", "The North", "FieldWork", "Bitter Road Island", "Hawthorn Lamp", "Hallucination" and so on.

Reason for the award: Because his works are full of lyrical beauty, containing profound ethics, revealing the miracles of daily life and real history.

In 1994

Kenzaburo Oe is a Japanese novelist. His major works include the novels "Wonderful Work", "The Luxury of the Dead", "Feeding"; the novels "Personal Examination", "Flood On My Soul", "The Women Who Listen to the Rain Tree"; the long trilogy "Burning Green Tree" and so on.

Reason for the award: Through poetic imagination, it creates an imaginary world that closely condenses reality and mythology, depicts the modern sentient beings, and brings an impact to people.

In 1993

Tony Morrison is an American woman writer. His major works include the novels "The Bluedest Eyes", "Shura", "Solomon's Song", "Baby", "Jazz" and so on.

Reasons for the award: His works are imaginative and poetic, showing important aspects of real life in the United States.

In 1992

Derek Wolcott, Saint Lucian poet. His major works include the poetry collection "In the Green Night", "Banishment and Others", "Bay and Others", the plays "Dream of Monkey Mountain", "The Last Carnival" and so on. In 1992, his work "West Indies" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: His work is extremely inspiring and broad in historical vision, and is the result of his dedication to multiple cultures.

In 1991

Nedin Godimer is a South African woman writer. His major works include the fable "The Pursuit of Visible Gold"; the short story collection "Face to Face", "Friday's Footprints", "Not Suitable for Publication"; the novels "The Ethereal Years", "The Stranger's World", "The Season of Love", "The VIP", "Berg's Daughter", "Julie's People" and so on. In 1991, his work "The People of July" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: With a strong and direct brushstroke, he depicts the complex interpersonal and social relationships around him, and his epic and magnificent works are of great benefit to mankind.

In 1990

Octavio Paz, Mexican poet. His major poems include "The Sun Stone", "The Freedom of Parole", and "The Tree That Grows Downward"; his prose works include "The Lonely Fan", "Man in His Century", "The Chronicle of India" and so on.

Reason for the award: His work is passionate, broad-minded, permeated with the wisdom of perception and embodies perfect humanitarianism.

In 1989

Camilo José Serra is a Spanish novelist. His major works include the novels "The Pasqual Duarte Family", "The Hive", and "Mrs. Caldwell's Dialogue with Her Son". In 1989, his work "Playing for the Dead" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: Rich and concise depictions with strong emotions, unattainable imagination of human weakness.

In 1988

Najib Mahafuz is an Egyptian writer. His major works include the famous family novel "Between the Two Palaces" and "The Thief and the Dog", "The Road", "The Beggar", "The Children of Our Neighborhood", "Under the Umbrella", "Civilian Epic" and so on. In 1988, his work "Street Soul" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Why he won the prize: Through a large number of intricate works—insightful realism, evoking ambitions—he has formed the art of arabic language that all mankind appreciates.

In 1987

Joseph Brodsky was a Soviet-American poet. His major works include the poetry collection "Rhymes and Poems", "The Hills and Others", "Mourning John Deng and Others", "Stopping in the Desert", and the prose collection "Less than One". In 1987, "From Petersburg to Stockholm" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: His works transcend the limitations of time and space, and fully display his broad ideas and rich poetry in literature and sensitive issues.

In 1986

Voley Soyinka is a Nigerian playwright, poet, novelist and critic. His major works include the plays "The Inhabitants of the Swamp", "The Lion and the Jewel", "The Road", the poetry collection "Idanlo and Others", and the novel "The Interpreter".

Reason for the award: He created poetic dramas about life with a broad cultural vision.

In 1985

Claude Simon is a French novelist. His major works include "Flanders Highway", "History", "Agricultural Poetry" and so on. In 1985, his work "Flanders Highway Agricultural Poetry" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Because he is good at blending the rich imagination of poets and painters with a deep sense of time, he has made an in-depth description of the living conditions of human beings.

In 1984

Jarosruff Seiffert, Czech poet. His major works include poems such as "The Apple in the Skirt Pocket", "Cast Bell", "Mama", "Harley Comet" and the memoir "The World is Beautiful". In 1984, his work "Violet" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: His poems are original, novel and vivid, showing the indomitable spirit of man and the multi-talented desire for liberation.

In 1983

William Goldin is a British writer. His major works include the novels "Lord of the Flies", "The Heirs", "Pyramids", "Free Fall", "Visible Darkness", "Paper Man" and so on.

Reasons for the award: With clear realist narrative skills and the diversity and universality of fictional stories, it illustrates the human condition in today's world.

In 1982

Gabriel García Márquez is a Colombian journalist and writer. His major works include the novels "One Hundred Years of Solitude", "The Decline of Parents", "Love in the Cholera Period", "The General in the Labyrinth", the reportage "The Story of a Shipwreck at Sea", "The Adventures of Miguel Litin" and so on.

Reason for the award: Because of the richly structured imaginary world of his novels, which are mixed with magic and reality, reflecting the contradictions of life on an entire continent.

In 1981

Elias Canetti is an English-German writer. His major works include the novel "Lost".

Reason for the award: The work has a broad vision, rich ideological and artistic power.

In 1980

Cheslav Milosz, Polish poet. His major works include the poetry collection "Frozen Days", "Three Seasons", "Winter Bells", "The Light of the Day", "Where the Sun Rises and Sets"; the diary "The Year of the Hunter"; the treatise "Enslaved Mind"; and the novel "Seizure of Power". In 1980, his work "The Dismantled Notebook" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for winning: Uncompromising keen insight, describing the exposed state of man in a world of intense conflict.

In 1979

Odysseus Eritis, Greek poet. His major works include the poetry collection "The Newborn Sun", "Hero's Elegy", "Of Course" and so on.

Reason for the award: His poems, set against the backdrop of the Greek tradition, describe the struggles that now see freedom and innovation as the power of the senses and the acumen of reason.

In 1978

Isaac Basheves Singh is an American writer. His major works include Satan in Gorey, The Magician in Lublin, and Slave. In 1978, his work "The Magician's Wilderness King" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Why: His passionate art of narrative, which is both rooted in the cultural traditions of poles and reflects the universal situation of humanity.

In 1977

Aleksandre Melo, Spanish poet. His major works include the poetry collections "Shadow of Heaven", "Destruction or Love", "Poetry of the Final Stage", "Dialogue of Knowledge" and so on.

Reasons for the award: His work inherits the Spanish lyric tradition and draws on the style of the current genre, describing the state of man in the universe and in today's society.

In 1976

Sol Bellow is an American writer. His major works include the novels "The Adventures of Augimachi", "Hersog", "Humboldt's Gift" and so on.

Reasons for the award: for his work's understanding of human nature and a keen perspective on contemporary culture.

In 1975

Eugeño Montalle, Italian poet. His major works include the poetry collection "Squid Bone" and "The Stone House of the Shore Keeper". In 1975, his work "The Evil of Life" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Because of the great artistry of his outstanding poetry, he interpreted the value of human beings in a life that was not suitable for fantasy.

In 1974

Eventer Johnson is a Swedish writer. His major works include the novel "The Story of Uruf" and so on.

Reason for the award: The art of narrative dedicated to the broad perspective of history and modernity for the purpose of freedom. Harry Edmund Martinson is a Swedish poet. His major works include the poems "Selected Modern Lyric Poems", "Nomads", "Nature", "The Road of the Sea Breeze", "Cicadas", "Mountain of Grass" and the masterpiece "Anyara". In 1974, his work "The World in the DewDrop" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Why he won the prize: His work reflects the whole world through a drop of dew.

In 1973

Patrick White is an Australian novelist and playwright. His major works include the novels "Tree of Man" and "Eye of the Storm".

Why he won the prize: For his art of epic and psychological narrative, and for bringing a new continent into literature.

In 1972

Henrich Böhr, German writer. His major works include the novel "Arriving on Time", "A Photo with a Lady", and "Katarina Who Lost Her Reputation". In 1972, his work "Ladies and Sentient Beings" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: In recognition of his works, which combine a broad perspective of the times and a delicate skill in shaping characters, and contribute to the revitalization of German literature.

In 1971

Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet. His major works include "Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair", "Spain in My Heart and The Masterpiece "Poetry Collection". In 1971, his work "Love Poems and Lamentations" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Poetry has the effect of natural force, reviving the fate and dreams of a continent.

In 1970

Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Soviet writer. His major works include novels such as "Cancer Ward" and "First Circle".

Reason for the award: Because of the moral strength of his work, by virtue of it, he inherited the indispensable tradition of Russian literature.

In 1969

Samuel Beckett is a French writer. His major works include the trilogy "Malloy", "The Death of Malloy", "The Unknown Man" and the screenplay "Waiting for Godot".

Reason for the award: His novels and dramatic works with peculiar forms have lifted modern people from spiritual distress.

In 1968

Yasunari Kawabata is a Japanese novelist. His major works include "The Dancing Girl of Izu", "Snow Country", "Ancient Capital", "Thousand Cranes" and so on.

Reason for the award: Because of his superb narrative works, he expressed the spiritual characteristics of the Japanese people with extraordinary sensitivity.

In 1967

Angel Asturias was a Guatemalan poet and novelist. His major works include the novels "Legend of Guatemala", "Mr. President", "Corn Man" and so on.

Reason for the award: Because his works are embodied in his own national colors and Indian traditions, they are vivid and vivid.

In 1966

Samuel Joseph Agnon is an Israeli writer. His major works include the novels "The Wedding Canopy", "The Depths of the Sea", "The Overnight Guest", "Nailed Marriage" and so on. In 1966, his work "The Book of Acts" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Why: His narrative skills are profound and unique, drawing themes from the lives of the Jewish people. Nelly Sachs, Swedish poetess. His major works include the poetry collection "Escape and Metamorphosis", "Travel to the Dustless World", "The Death Still Celebrates Life", and the poetry drama "Eli". In 1966, his work "Escape" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: For her outstanding lyrical and dramatic works, she explained the fate of the two Israels with touching power.

In 1965

Mikhail Alexanderrovich Sholokhov, Soviet writer. His major works include the novel "Quiet Don" and the novel "A Man's Encounter".

Why: For the vitality and artistic zeal of the writer in his epic work about the countryside of the Don Valley, both of which depict a certain historical aspect of Russian national life in that novel.

In 1964

Jean-Paul Sartre was a French philosopher and writer. His major works include the philosophical works "Existence and Nothingness", "Existentialism is a Humanitarianism", "Criticism of Dialectical Reason", the novel "Nausea", "Freedom Road" trilogy; the plays "Fly" and "Confinement".

Reason for the award: Because of his thoughtful, free and truth-seeking works that have had a profound impact on our time.

In 1963

George Sephiroth, Greek poet. His major works include the poetry collection Turning Point, Myth and History, The Logbook, and The Thrush.

Reason for the award: His outstanding lyric poetry is the product of a deep feeling for Greek culture.

In 1962

John Steinbeck is an American writer. His major works include "Grapes of Wrath", "The Moon Is Down", "Pearls" and "Winter of Troubles". In 1962, his work "Between Man and Mouse" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: Through realistic, imaginative creation, sympathetic humor and sensitive observation of society.

In 1961

Ivo Andrić is a Yugoslav novelist. His major works include the prose poems "The Shores of the Black Sea" and "Unrest"; the novels "The Bridge on the Drina River", "Chronicle of Travnik" and "Sarajevo Woman", which are called "Bosnian Trilogies". In 1961, her work "Miss Bridge" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Because of the epic power of his work, he used it to pursue themes in the history of his homeland and depict the fate of man.

In 1960

Saint-Jean Pace, French poet. His major works include poems such as "Expedition", "Exile", "Rain", "Snow", "Wind", "Sea Mark", "Bird", "Rongxing" and so on. In 1960, his work "Blue Love Song" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Because of his superb leap and abundant imagination, he expresses a kind of image-rich contemplation of the current era.

In 1959

Savador Quasimodo is an Italian poet. His major works include the poetry collections "Water and Earth", "The Fading Flute", "Instant is Night" and "Day after Day".

Reason for the award: Because of his lyric poems, the tragic experience of life in our time is expressed in a classical flame.

In 1958

Boris Leonidovich Pasternak was a Soviet Russian poet and novelist. His major works include the poetry collection "On the Street", "Life, My Sister", "Themes and Variations"; the novel "Doctor Zhivago".

Reasons for the award: He has achieved great achievements in both contemporary lyric poetry and the Russian epic tradition.

In 1957

Albert Camus is a French writer. His major works include the plays "Misunderstanding" and "Justice"; the novel "The Outsider", "The Plague"; and the collection of essays "The Myth of Sisyphus".

Reasons for the award: Because of his important writings, in which he illuminates with discerning and eager eyes the problems of the human conscience of our time.

In 1956

Juan Ramón Jimenez, Spanish poet. His major works include the poetry collection "Poetry Rhyme Collection", "Sorrowful Aria", the prose collection "Three Worlds of Spaniards"; and the long poem "Space".

Reason for the award: Because of his Spanish lyric poems, it became the best example of high spirituality and pure art.

In 1955

Herdorchiryan Lacnes is an Icelandic writer. His major works include the novels "Sharkawalka", "Independent People", "Light of the World", and the 3-volume historical novel "Icelandic Bells". In 1955, her work "Fisherwoman" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: For the vivid and epic power he exudes in his works, Iceland's already excellent narrative literary skills are even more magnificent.

In 1954

Ernest Hemingway is an American writer. His major works include "The Sun Also Rises", "Farewell, Weapon", "Whose Death Knell Tolls", "The Old Man and the Sea" and so on.

Reasons for the award: Because of his proficiency in narrative art, which is prominently reflected in his recent book "The Old Man and the Sea"; but also because of his influence on contemporary stylistic styles.

In 1953

Winston Churchill was a British politician, historian and biographer. Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. His major works include The Malakand Expedition, Memoirs of the Second World War, and History of the English Nation. In 1953, his work "The Unwanted War" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: because of his mastery in describing history and biography, and for his brilliant speech defending the value of the noble human being.

In 1952

François Mauriac is a French writer and a member of the Académie française. His major works include the poetry collection "Handshake"; the novels "Desert of Love", "Teres Des geirux" and so on.

Reasons for the award: For dissecting the drama of life, a profound observation of the mind and a compact art in his novels.

In 1951

Par Fabian Lagerquist was a Swedish poet, dramatist and novelist. His major works include the poetry collection "Genius"; the screenplay "A Midsummer Night's Dream in the Madhouse"; the novel "Dwarf", "Barabba the Great Thief" and so on.

Reason for the award: The artistic dynamism and truly independent insights he exhibited in his works in search of answers to the eternal problems facing mankind.

In 1950

Patlán Arthur William Russell (1872–1970) was an English mathematician and philosopher. His major works include Principles of Mathematics, Philosophical Problems, and Education and Social Order.

Reasons for the award: In recognition of his diverse and significant works defending humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought.

In 1949

William Faulkner is an American writer. His major works include the novels "Noise and Commotion", "When I Die", "Absalom, Absalom", etc.

Why he received the prize: For his powerful and artistically unparalleled contributions to contemporary American fiction.

In 1948

Thomas Stearns Eliot was an Anglo-American poet, playwright, and critic. His major works include the poems "Prufolk's Love Song", "Wasteland", and "Four Quartets"; the treatises "Tradition and Individual Talent", "The Function of Criticism", and "The Utility of Poetry and Criticism".

Reasons for the award: Outstanding contribution to the avant-garde of modern poetry.

In 1947

André Gide is a French writer and critic. His major works include the novels "The Cellar of the Vatican", "The Narrow Door", "Pastoral Symphony", "Counterfeit Coin Maker" and so on.

Reason for the award: For his extensive and artistic works, in these works, he presented the problems and situations of human nature with a fearless love of truth and keen psychological insight.

In 1946

Hermann Hesse is a German writer. His major works include the novels "Knurpu", "Demir", "Sitharta", "Steppenwolf" and so on.

Reasons for the award: His thought-provoking works, which on the one hand are highly creative and insightful, on the other hand, symbolize classical humanitarian ideals and noble styles.

In 1945

Gabriela Mistral, Chilean poetess. His major works include "Dead Sonnets", poems "Despair", "Tenderness", "Thorny Tree", "Grape Area Press" and so on.

Why: Her lyric poems, nurtured by strong feelings, have made her name a symbol of the aspirations of the entire Latin American world.

In 1944

Johannes William Janssen was a Danish novelist and poet. His major works include the novel series The Long Journey, The Glacier, The Boat, The Lost Kingdom of Heaven, Nonia gest, The Chimley Expedition, and Columbus; the poetry collection The Light of the World, The Winds of Jutland, and so on.

Reason for the award: Because of his rich and powerful poetic imagination, he combines a broad-minded curiosity with a bold, fresh creative style.

In 1939

Frans Emir Silampa is a Finnish writer. His major works include the novels "Divine Poverty", "Maiden Celia", "People of Summer Nights" and so on. In 1939, her work "The Young Girl Celia" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Why he won the prize: For his deep understanding and delicate art in depicting two things that influence each other— the nature of his homeland and the life of the country's peasants.

In 1938

Pearl Buck (Pearl Sedenstrik Booker) is an American writer. His major works include the "House of the Earth" trilogy: "The Earth", "Sons", "Separated Families", "Mother", "Patriots", "Dragon Species" and so on.

Why: Her rich and truly epic depiction of chinese peasant life, and her autobiographical masterpiece.

In 1937

Roger Martin Dugard is a French novelist. His major works include the novel "The Tibers", 8 volumes: "Grey Notebook", "Correctional Home", "Beautiful Seasons", "Diagnosis", "Little Sister", "Father's Death", "Summer 1914", "The End" and so on.

Reason for the award: Because of the artistic charm and authenticity expressed in his novel "The Tiber Family". This is a basic reflection of the face of human life.

In 1936

Eugene O'Neill is an American playwright. The main plays are "Beyond the Horizon", "Anna Kristi", "Infinite Years" and the self-exclusive drama "The Long Night".

Reasons for the award: Because of the strength, enthusiasm and deep affection expressed in his plays, they are fully in line with the original concept of tragedy.

In 1934

Luigi Pirandello was an Italian novelist and dramatist. He wrote more than 40 plays in his lifetime. His major plays include "Honest Happiness", "Six Roles in Search of a Playwright", "Henry IV", "Finding Myself" and so on.

Reason for the award: He boldly and deftly revived theatrical and stage art.

In 1933

Ivan Aleksevich Punin is a Russian writer. His major works include the poetry collection "Falling Leaves", the short stories "Antonov's Apple", "Pine Tree", "New Road", and the novella "The Countryside". In 1933, his work "Mika's Love" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Because of his rigorous artistic talent, the Russian classical tradition was inherited in prose.

In 1932

John Goulsworth is an English novelist and playwright. He is the author of the novel "The Forsy Family" trilogy, the "Modern Comedy" trilogy and the screenplay "Silver Box". In 1932, his work "The Propertied" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: The art of excellence described for it – an art that peaked in The Forsy family.

In 1931

Erik Axel Karlfeld (1864–1931) Swedish poet. His major works include the poetry collection "Wasteland and Love" and "The Horn of Autumn".

Reason for the award: No one ever doubted the artistic value of his poetry.

In 1930

Sinclair Lewis is an American writer. His major works include "The Street", "Babbitt", "Arrow Smith" and so on.

Reasons for the award: Because of his powerful, personal and moving narrative art, and his talent for creating new styles with wit and humor.

In 1929

Paul Thomas Mann is a German writer. His major works include the novels "Buddenbrook Family" and "Magic Mountain".

Reason for the award: For his great novel "The Buddenbrooks", which has an increasingly consolidated canonical status in contemporary literature.

In 1928

Sigrid Unsett is a Norwegian writer. His major works include the novel Jenny and the trilogy Christine, Daughter of Lawrence. In 1928, his work "Bride-Master-Cross" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Mainly due to her powerful depiction of life in the medieval northland.

In 1927

Henri Bergson, French philosopher. His major works include Time and Free Will, Creation Evolution, and The Two Origins of Morality and Religion.

Reason for the award: Because of his rich and full of vitality of thought, and the brilliant skills he showed.

In 1926

Grazia Deledda is an Italian writer. His major works include the novels "The Dove and the Eagle", "The Fire in the Olive Garden", "Mother", "The Secret of the Lonely", "Flight to Egypt" and so on. In 1926, his work "The Road to Evil" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: In recognition of her idealistically inspired works, she depicted life on the island where she grew up with a soft and thorough way; and expressed depth and compassion in her insight into general human issues.

In 1925

George Bernard Shaw, Irish dramatist, completed a total of 51 plays. His major works include Joan of Arc and other works.

Reason for the award: Because of his idealistic and humane works, their kind of emotional satire, often contain a high degree of poetic beauty.

In 1924

Vladislav Lemont is a Polish writer. His major works include the novel "Blessed Land" and the four-volume novel "Peasant".

Reason for the award: We awarded him because his national epic "The Farmers" was brilliantly written.

In 1923

William Bottler Yeats was an Irish poet and playwright. His major works include poems such as "When You're Old" and "Lida and the Swan".

Why: Because of his poems, which are always full of inspiration, they express the spirit of the whole nation through a high degree of art form.

In 1922

Hassingte Benavente Martinez is a Spanish writer. His major works include the screenplay "Someone Else's Nest", "Stakes", "Flower of Passion" and so on. In 1922, his work "The Unlucky Girl" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Because of his appropriate manner, he continued the splendid tradition of drama.

In 1921

Anatole France was a French writer, literary critic and social activist. His major works include the novels "Tess", "Penguin Island", "The Gods Are Thirsty" and so on.

Reasons for the award: His brilliant literary achievements are due to his noble style, compassionate human sympathy, charming charm, and a true French temperament.

In 1920

Cnut Hamson is a Norwegian novelist, dramatist and poet. His major works include the novels "Hunger", "Shepherd's Society", "Earth Fruit" and so on.

Reason for the award: For his epoch-making masterpiece "The Growth of the Land".

In 1919

Karl Spitler is a Swiss poet and novelist. His major works include the epic poems "Spring in Olympia" and "The Passion of Prometheus". Reason for the award: Particularly praised for his outstanding performance in the epic "Spring of Olympus".

In 1917

Karl Yellerup is a Danish writer. His major works include the poetry collection "The Volume of My Love"; the novel "Minna", "The Mill Blood Case", "Already Hot for Life" and so on.

Why he won the prize: Because of his diverse and rich poems, which contain superb ideals. Henrik Bentopidan is a Danish novelist. His major works include the short story "Defunct"; the long novel "Promised Land" trilogy: "Lucky Bill", "Vigil", "Kingdom of the Dead" and "Man's Paradise". In 1917, his work "Kingdom of Heaven" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: for his faithful depiction of current Danish life.

In 1916

Werner Haydenstein was a Swedish poet and novelist. His major works include the poetry collection "The Age of Pilgrimage" and the novel "King Charles's Centaurs".

Reasons for the award: To recognize his important position in the new era of Swedish literature.

In 1915

Romain Rolland is a French writer and music critic. His major works include the tome "John Christophe", the biographical works "Beethoven", "Michelangelo", "Tolstoy", etc.

Reasons for the award: the noble ideals in the literary work and the compassion and love of truth that he possessed in depicting various types of characters.

In 1913

Robin Delanatt Tagore was an Indian poet and social activist. His works include the poem "Jitanjali", the novel "Two Acres of Land", "Shipwreck" and so on.

Reasons for the award: Because of his most sensitive, fresh and beautiful poems, which are derived from superb skill, and because of his own expression in English, his poetic ideas have become part of Western literature.

In 1912

Gehalt Hauptmann is a German playwright and poet. His major works include plays "Before Sunrise" and "Shen Zhong". In 1912, his work "Rats" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: I would like to recognize his fruitful and diverse achievements in the field of theatrical arts.

In 1911

Maurice Metlink is a Belgian playwright, poet and essayist. His major works include the plays "Blind Man", "Blue Bird", the essay collection "Double Garden", "Death", "The Life of Ants" and so on. In 1911, his work "The Wisdom of Flowers" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: Because of his performance in many aspects of literature, especially in theatrical works, he not only has a rich imagination and poetic fantasies, but sometimes appears in the form of a myth, but is also full of profound revelations everywhere. This revelation wonderfully touches the heartstrings of the reader and stimulates their imagination.

In 1910

Paul Johann Ludwig von Heisser was a German writer. His major works include the screenplay "Byerburg", the novel "Proud Girl", "Trepi Girl", "Nereena" and so on.

Reasons for the award: To recognize the idealistic artistic reach of this lyric poet, dramatist, novelist and world-renowned short story writer in his long and prolific career.

In 1909

Silma Lagerlov is a Swedish writer. His major works include the novel "Jerusalem" and the fairy tale "Travels on a Goose".

Reason for the award: Because of the noble idealism, rich imagination, easy and beautiful style characteristic of her works.

In 1908

Rudolf Oken was a German philosopher. His major works include "The Great Thinker's View of Life", "The Doctrine and Value of Life", "Man and the World - Philosophy of Life" and so on. In 1908, his work "The Long Pen of Spiritual Life" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: his fervent pursuit of truth, his ability to penetrate ideas, his vast observations, and the enthusiasm and strength he exudes in his countless works in defending and explaining an idealistic philosophy of life.

In 1907

Joseph Rudyard Kipling was an English novelist and poet. His major works include the poetry collection "Ballad of the Barracks" and "Seven Seas", the novel collection "Resistance of Life" and the animal story "Jungle Book". 1907 Tiger! tiger! Won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reasons for the award: The works of this world-famous writer are known for their observational, unique imagination, majestic spirit and excellent narrative.

In 1906

Giorgioe Carducci was an Italian poet and literary critic. His major works include the poetry collection "Poetry of Youth", the long poem "Ode to Satan", and the monograph "The Development of Italian National Literature".

Reasons for the award: Not only for his profound knowledge and critical research, but more importantly, to celebrate the characteristics, creative momentum, fresh style and lyrical charm of his poetic masterpieces.

In 1905

Henrik Szynkiwitz was a Polish novelist. His major works include "The Third Woman" and "Crusader Knight".

Reasons for the award: For his outstanding achievements in the writing of historical novels.

In 1904

Frederick Mistral, French poet. His major works include the poems "Isle of Gold", "Provence", "Miloy" and so on. In 1904, his work "Golden Island" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: His poems contain fresh creativity and real appeal, which faithfully reflect the simple spirit of his nation. José Echegalai was a Spanish dramatist and poet. His major works include "The Great Matchmaker", "Either Crazy, It's Sacred" and so on. In 1904, his work "The Great Matchmaker" won the Nobel Prize in Literature. Reason for the award: Because of its richness and excellence in its unique and original style, the work revives the great tradition of Spanish comedy.

In 1903

Bjørnsten Bjørnsson is a Norwegian dramatist, poet and novelist. His major works include the play "The Emperor", "The Glove of Challenge", and the poetry collection "Poetry and Song".

Reason for the award: With the vivid inspiration of the poet and the rare heart of the child, he wrote the works gracefully, gorgeously and colorfully.

In 1902

Theodor Monson was a German historian. His major poems include the five-volume History of Rome, and he edited the 16-volume Latin Inscriptions. In 1902, his work "Roman Storm" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: The greatest historian of the world, this point is evident in his magnum opus History of Rome.

In 1901

Sully Prydome, French poet. His major poems include Destiny, the prose "The Will of Poetry" and "On Fine Arts". In 1901, his work "Loneliness and Deep Thinking" won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Reason for the award: It is the evidence of noble ideals, perfect art and rare hearts and wisdom.

The centenary Nobel Prize in Literature and a hundred literary giants have presented the greatest literary feast for mankind.