In the long history of our country, there is such a minister who once entered the "world's richest man list" selected by Wall Street, which is a relatively new thing, and he is the first corrupt official of the Qing Dynasty - He Yan.
It is said that when Hezhen was raided, his assets were found to be 800 million taels of silver, equivalent to the sum of the 15 years of income of the Qing government at that time. At that time, Hezhen could be said to be rich and invincible, and there was a later sentence: Once Hezhen fell, Jiaqing was full.
Of course, in addition to Hezhen's extraordinary ability to collect money, it is also his amazing ability to do things. He came from a poor background and entered the career path, from a small Luan Yi guard and a car driver to a military minister and an auxiliary political minister, which was inseparable from his own ability. He overthrew Li Shiyao and established his position, and later because of his corruption, he was later called a "two-faced vassal".
He Yan (played by Teacher Wang Gang)
Today's protagonist, who also has the title of "double-sided", is called the first agent of the CCP to lurk within the Kuomintang, providing a lot of important intelligence for the party, digging up traitors inside, and saving important leader Zhou Enlai. Later, because of the involvement of traitors, he was arrested and imprisoned, released from prison after being released on bail by an acquaintance, and then disappeared and withdrew from the stage of "intelligence" until his death.
So, who is this legendary agent who was exposed until Zhou Enlai's death? What happened to him? How do you break into the enemy's interior, provide intelligence for the party, and what is the end result?
Yang Dengying
Today we will get to know this "two-sided agent" Yang Dengying.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="23" > is dressed in white, but has a red heart inside</h1>
The establishment of the Central Special Branch in 1927 opened a new scene for the CCP's underground intelligence, and under the careful management of Zhou Enlai and Chen Geng, a capable general was successfully recruited from the Kuomintang Central Bureau, Yang Dengying, so how did Yang Dengying get the appreciation of the leadership? What is so great about him?
Yang Dengying, whose original name was Bao Junfu, was a native of Guangdong who went to Japan to study before the Xinhai Revolution, and studied in Japan during his middle school years at waseda University.
After returning to China in 1919, he returned to the Japanese-formed YMCA and participated in the "May Fourth Movement" at that time. He then worked as a senior clerk at a Japanese foreign firm in Shanghai, where he also socialized with some Japanese merchants, and did some writing work in the Japanese he had learned, making him famous in the Shanghai area.
In 1924, he joined the Chinese Kuomintang and threw himself into the revolution, because he was dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's actions and had a deep prejudice against him, so he secretly became acquainted with the Communist Party members Chen Yangshan, Chen Geng and others.
In May 1928, Chen Geng, two legendary figures on the ccp's special agent envoy, met with Yang Dengying, and Chen Geng conveyed the instructions brought above, hoping that Yang Dengying could lurk within the Kuomintang and try to penetrate into various areas of the enemy's intelligence community to facilitate the rescue of friends who had fallen into disaster and rescue their arrested comrades.
In order to cover up Yang Dengying's identity, Chen Geng also applied for a car for Yang Dengying when the CCP was struggling with the economy, so that he looked more like a successful person, and it was convenient to approach the upper echelons to obtain more intelligence, a method approved by his superiors.
Chen Geng
In 1925, Yang Dengying often went to the Shanghai Evans Foreign Bookstore to buy books, where he met his fellow villager, The Youth Gang, and the head of the Foreign Trade Union, Yang Jianhong, and became a friend of Mo Rebellion. Grasping Yang Jianhong's high-level relationship, he went along with the vine and became acquainted with Chen Lifu, Zhang Daofan, and other important members of the Kuomintang. Whenever the two of them went to Shanghai, Yang Dengying would go to the reception, take good care of them, and take care of everything, so that Yang Dengying, Zhang Daofan, and Chen Lifu also became "wine and meat friends".
And Chen Daofan eventually even became a protective umbrella for Yang Dengying, which also has such a relationship:
Political struggle has always been a common affair within the party, and Zhang Daofan also had a number one sworn enemy within the Kuomintang, known as "Li Pizi", and the two of them became a water and fire, and Li Daofan also became a stumbling block on Zhang Daofan's promotion road.
After Yang Dengying received this news, he promised to help Zhang Daofan get rid of this number one enemy and help Zhang Daofan ascend to the throne. Not long after, Li Pizi was shot dead in front of his home, and the cause of death was said to have been discovered by the CCP and arranged for agents to be killed. In this way, Zhang Daofan was indebted to Yang Dengying, and he also gained a firm foothold within the Kuomintang and stepped into the clouds; and Yang Dengying gradually grew under his protection, developed deeply, and entered the top level.
If you want to maintain a high position, you must come up with a certain effect. Yang Dengying once gave chen geng feedback on "how should the Kuomintang respond to the question if it wants to ask him for information," and Chen Geng reassured him on this issue, and in order to enable him to work smoothly, the Chinese communists would provide him with organ publications such as "Red Flag," "Bolshevik," and internal leaflets, and ask him to submit tasks and assist him in carrying out his work smoothly.
In this way, Yang Dengying took this "intelligence" in exchange for Yang Jianhong's trust, was recommended by Yang Jianhong and became a senior agent, which also cushioned Yang Dengying's identity as a "double agent". Since then, the CCP has successfully penetrated a counter-espionage figure inside the enemy.
Subsequently, Yang Jianhong was killed in the infighting of the Green Gang because of his involvement in a corruption case. After the joint recommendation of Chen Lifu and Zhang Daofan, Chiang Kai-shek personally appointed Yang Dengying as the central commissioner for the Shanghai area, and Yang Dengying took up his post and became the highest-ranking person in charge of the Kuomintang's secret service organs in Shanghai.
Because he used to accompany Yang Jianhong, Zhang Daofan, and others in and out of the public security bureau, headquarters, patrol houses and other areas, Yang Dengying thus formed a deep relationship with the governors of these places.
In August 1928, Tan Shaoliang wanted Yang Dengying to inquire about whether his two subordinates were being held by the security command, and Yang Dengying went to inquire about it. When Yang Dengying returned to the patrol room, the two had been released, and Tan Shaoliang immediately took out 200 oceans to yang Dengying as a reward, but Yang Dengying refused, which left a deep impression on the patrol room.
After that, the British patrol house inspector Lamperson asked Yang Dengying to help get a seal style of the security command, and Yang Dengying used his connections to find Mao Naigong, the aide-de-camp of the command, and got a copy of all the seal styles of the headquarters. Lampson was very happy after getting it, and he liked Yang Dengying very much, and also told the Kuomintang side that the patrol house did not want to contact with Kuomintang people other than Yang Dengying. Yang Dengying thus became a guest in the patrol room.
According to Lamperson' introduction, Yang Dengying had another connection with the French Concession Patrol House, and they were also willing to leave the case to Yang Dengying to handle, so the CCP also grasped the dynamics of the two Concession Patrol Houses. The greatest part of Yang Dengying's meritorious service was that he provided a lot of intelligence, dug up traitors, and protected Zhou Enlai.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="158" > the first assassination case in the East, and there are many doubts</h1>
In 1929, in a house in the French Concession, Bai Xin, then secretary of the Central Military Commission of the COMMUNIST Party of China, secretly informed Peng Pan, Yang Yin, Yan Changyi, Xing Shizhen, Zhou Enlai, and others that a meeting of the Central Military Commission would be held here the next afternoon to study major military issues, while at the same time informing Chiang Kai-shek of the matter.
Originally the earliest student at the Whampoa Military Academy, Bai Xin joined the Communist Party, participated in the Nanchang Uprising, worked in the Hailufeng regime, and was also used as a "secret stronghold" for the CCP conference. A month earlier, a relative of his family had defected to the revolution and was shot by Peng Pan, so he held a grudge and secretly denounced everyone in retaliation.
Zhou Enlai was unable to show up as scheduled for other important matters, while the other participants, a large number of patrols in imperialist costumes and a faction of Kuomintang members roared in, rushed into the room, and arrested everyone. The central authorities were shocked by this, and on the one hand sent people to plan rescues, and on the other hand, entrusted Yang Dengying to find out the reasons.
After investigation, it was confirmed that Bai Xin had surrendered to the enemy and leaked secrets. That night, Zhou Enlai instructed him to save his comrades at all costs and kill the traitor Bai Xin. Yang Dengying said that Peng Pan was well-known and might not be easily released, and suggested that he be rescued on the way to escort, and this suggestion was adopted.
When the crowd was preparing to hijack the prisoner car of the Nationalist Army escorting the people, the carjacking failed because of insufficient preparation and missed the opportunity, and the four arrested people failed to rescue them and were collectively killed. After Peng Pan and the other four were inaugurated, the whole party was extremely mournful, and Zhou Enlai ordered that the traitor Bai Xin be quickly hunted down and killed, find his whereabouts, and be killed without forgiveness, so as to put an end to the troubles.
However, the Kuomintang deliberately forged an illusion, saying that Chairman Chiang Kai-shek's student Bai Xin had gone astray, and now that he had been escorted to Nanjing for observation, he had made meritorious deeds. The CCP leaders knew that this was an illusion made by the Kuomintang, and Bai Xin was certainly still in Shanghai, but he was afraid of the CCP's pursuit and killing, and he would certainly flee Shanghai. In order to clearly grasp Bai Xin's movements, the central authorities decided that Yang Dengying would go out in front of him to investigate.
Bai Xin
Yang Dengying, as a Kuomintang commissioner, quickly found Bai Xin's foothold, and while appeasing him, he asked Bai Xin's plans. Bai Xin said that recently the wind has been relatively tight, and the Red Army's means are very strong, and this place in Shanghai cannot stay, and he is ready to go to Nanjing to meet Chiang Kai-shek recently.
In this regard, Yang Dengying truthfully reported to Zhou Enlai, and after listening to it, Zhou Enlai instructed that Bai Xin must be killed to get rid of this scourge. Therefore, Chen Geng rented a house next door to Bai Xin's residence, monitored Bai Xin's actions, and at the same time used his connections to send a female Red Army disguised as a maid to contact Bai Xin and closely monitor him.
Later, the Kuomintang side prepared to arrange for Bai Xin to study in Italy to escape the CCP's pursuit and killing. After learning this news, Zhou Enlai demanded that he must accurately know the time and route of Bai Xin's escape, resolutely eliminate the traitor, and absolutely not let him flee abroad.
When it was learned that Bai Xin would leave at 11 p.m. in November, Chen Geng personally participated in the assassination operation with Shao Dafu and more than 10 other Red Army members, and ambushed near the alley where Bai Xin lived.
At about 10 o'clock in the evening, the Kuomintang came to two cars to pick up Bai Xin and leave, followed by Bai Xin and his wife and several agents carrying luggage, just at this time, the Red Army members rushed up and shot at several people. As soon as Bai Xin, who was originally mentally sensitive, saw these situations, he pulled out his leg and ran, tried to pull out his gun to fight back, desperately fled north, the Red Army members chased after him, and finally Bai Xin was cornered, forced into a dead corner, and was killed in the corner. Then, taking advantage of the chaos, the Red Army members quietly left.
Such a case occurred in the heavily guarded, well-planned and swift action, which caused a sensation in the Shanghai area, and some places even called the case the "first murder case in the East".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="159" > rescue Zhou Enlai and severely punish the traitor Huang Dihong</h1>
In April 1930, Huang Dihong, who had returned from studying in Moscow, docked with Zhou Enlai according to the instructions of the party.
Huang Dihong was also one of the earliest batch of students at the Whampoa Military Academy, and his ideological and political consciousness was very good, but after arriving in the Soviet Union, he was accustomed to a peaceful and comfortable life outside, and when he returned to China, he was frightened by the "white terror" atmosphere created by the Kuomintang, and he was pessimistic about the revolution and was very disappointed. Therefore, he sent a private letter to Chiang Kai-shek, indicating that he wanted to make corrections and join the Kuomintang's intentions, and also pointed out that he worked under Zhou Enlai, had contacts with Liu Bocheng, Zuo Quan, and others, and was willing to assist the Kuomintang in arresting Zhou Enlai as a greeting gift.
Chiang Kai-shek was very happy about this, and he also expressed his sincerity in replying to the letter.
Chiang Kai-shek attached great importance to this matter and issued instructions: Huang Dihong played a major role in breaking the leader of the bandit communists in one fell swoop, and ordered the investigation section to deal with it quickly.
This letter was directly handed over to Chen Lifu to handle, Chen Lifu did not dare to be sloppy, immediately found a suitable person to start handling this matter, after several turnovers, this matter was transferred to Yang Dengying's hands, and also knew the time and place of the joint.
Chen Lifu
After Yang Dengying received the news, he immediately informed Chen Geng of the matter and asked him to transfer it to Zhou Enlai. Zhou Enlai has always been cautious in his work, and now he is asking for Huang Dihong to be isolated and then further evidence to be collected. Subsequently, Yang Dengying arrived at the street place to meet Huang Dihong, and Huang Dihong made two appointments before meeting Yang Dengying, full of glory and wealth, coveting comfort.
When Huang Dihong wrote a letter asking Zhou Enlai to meet at the local level and there was a question to be discussed on the issue of the distribution of work for international students, Zhou Enlai already had strong evidence that Huang Dihong had betrayed the revolution and turned to Chiang Kai-shek, and he decided to make a plan. Zhou Enlai promised Huang Dihong that he would attend the appointment as scheduled.
But the cunning Huang Dihong repeatedly broke the contract and kept detouring, and the CCP knew that the longer he stayed, the greater the disaster, so he sent the members of the Special Branch to find his residence.
At dusk in early winter, two big men dressed in long-distance running came to Huang Dihong's residence, claiming to be Huang Dihong's classmates when he was at the Whampoa Military Academy. But before he could react, the two muzzles were already aimed at him, killing him directly, without even having time to react.
Zhou Enlai
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="160" > Gu Shunzhang rebelled, and Yang Dengying was gorgeous and indifferent</h1>
On April 24, 1931, after Gu Shunzhang, who assisted the Central Committee in presiding over the work of the special branch, was arrested, he defected to the enemy, leaving a great hidden danger to the development of the CCP's special branch work, he not only knew most of the top secret work of the central authorities, but also knew that Yang Dengying was a "spy" of the central authorities, and the form was very severe.
At the moment of the first attack, Zhou Enlai led the personnel of the various organs of the intelligence group out of danger, and only a small number of them were destroyed. In this very dangerous situation, Chen Geng found Yang Dengying and told him the fact that Gu Shunzhang had defected, hoping that he could go out and hide.
After listening, Yang Dengying replied: "The Communist Party is really a friend enough, and at this time, I can still think of my safety, and I have not forgotten me when I am in danger." ”
Because of Gu Shunzhang's betrayal, Yang Dengying was arrested and imprisoned, and in prison, he followed the instructions of the CCP, did not mention anything about him and the CCP, and bit Gu Shunzhang to death.
Gu Shunzhang
After the 128 Incident, Zhang Daofan released him on bail and let him reflect on his reform. In 1934, out of love, the Kuomintang once again used Yang Dengying to serve the country, making him the vice president of the Nanjing Reflection Institute, and his life returned to the past, and the power in his hands was also withdrawn.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="161" > I am not a spy or a traitor</h1>
In the 1949 Liberation War, a million heroes crossed the river, and the city of Nanjing raised a bright five-star red flag.
The former legendary "secret agent" Yang Dengying has long returned to ordinary life and made a living by selling cigarettes on the street.
In 1951, as a result of the suppression of the counter-revolutionary movement, Nanjing began to clean up the remnants of the former secret agents, including Yang Dengying. The fact that he had served as the vice president of the Reflection Institute was discovered and identified as a Kuomintang agent, so he was imprisoned.
After his arrest, Yang Dengying strongly stated that he had worked for the CCP underground organization and was ordered to infiltrate the Kuomintang, and asked Chen Geng to testify on his behalf, saying that Chen Geng could prove his identity.
The president of the Nanjing court thought that the matter had a greater impact, so he wrote a letter to Chen Geng in the hope of getting relevant confirmation.
On November 24, 1951, Chen Geng gave Yang Dengying a testimony: Yang Dengying got in touch with our Party in 1927, and in 1931 this person also had contact with me at work, made great contributions to the Party during his work, was detained with me at the Nanjing Headquarters when he was arrested, and later he was appointed by the Kuomintang as the president of the Penitentiary Institute, and it is said that he did not behave well, and the rest is unknown...
Based on this testimony, Yang Dengying was released by the Nanjing court.
Yang Dengying's old age photo
In 1952, when Minister of Justice Chen Yangshan heard about this incident, he wrote a letter to the director of the Nanjing Public Security Bureau, saying: "After the Great Revolution, Mr. Yang Dengying made great contributions to the work of keeping information confidential to our Party, and also helped rescue many arrested comrades. After consulting with Comrade Chen Geng, I decided to give Comrade Bao Junfu some relief in his daily life and think of other ways. ”
In March 1956, at the invitation of Chen Geng and the consent of the General Office of the Central Committee, Yang Dengying was invited to Beijing. Chen Yangshan personally received him in Beijing and arranged for him to stay in the General Staff Guest House.
The next day, at the invitation of Chen Geng, a banquet was held to entertain Yang Dengying, and the Nanjing Public Security Bureau was entrusted to buy some furniture and materials for Yang Dengying's family. From then on, the Municipal Public Security Bureau gave Yang Dengying a monthly living allowance of 100 yuan, and then Chen Geng had to visit Yang Dengying every time he went to Nanjing, until his death in 1961.
On December 19, 1969, Yang Dengying died at the age of 76. Before dying, he repeatedly uttered the thought-provoking words: "I am not a spy, nor a traitor, nor a traitor." What kind of person I really am, I don't know, but Zhou Enlai knows me..."
When Zhou Enlai heard the news of Yang Dengying's death, he was very distressed, and asked Chen Yangshan to appease Yang Dengying's family, and relayed his evaluation of Yang Dengying, which also answered the words that Yang Dengying had been chanting before his death: "Bao Junfu's life's achievements are greater than his faults, and these people who helped us in the most difficult period of our party must not be forgotten..."
In 1978, after the death of Yang Dengying's wife Tan Xiuzhen, she was buried with her husband's ashes in an artificial tomb in The Guangdong Mountain Villa in Nanjing.
A generation of "legendary agents" in the Republic of China period finally passed away and disappeared in the long river of history. For decades, very few people knew about Yang Dengying, and few people who knew that Yang Dengying was once the Central Investigation Department were rare. Until 1976, when Ruixue was full of praise and Premier Zhou was also alive, he called Luo Changqing to his side and said something in a weak voice, Luo Changqing put his ear to Premier Zhou's mouth, listened quietly, occasionally nodded, and shed tears when he listened...
It is said that Premier Zhou mentioned some little-known names in his speech, including Yang Dengying.
It was not until after 1990 that scholars from the mainland and Taiwan studied the history of the struggle between the Kuomintang and the Communists on the hidden front that Yang Dengying's deeds were published and exposed to the public. At this time, it has been twenty years since Yang Dengying's death, and his work inside the enemy for the sake of the party and the country to bear the burden of humiliation is a huge spiritual wealth left to our descendants, waiting for us to excavate.