Henan Province issued technical guidance on spring wheat field management, and urged the upgrading of seedling conditions to set up a shelf of abundant production

In winter, mobile sprinkler irrigation is taking place in the wheat fields of the Huangpan Farm. Picture of this newspaper

□ Henan Daily reporter Liu Xiaobo

On January 17, Peng Liangcheng, a major grain grower in Yanjin County, Xinxiang, came to the farmland to spray nutrient solution on wheat.

"Wheat seedlings are growing well, they are in the peak tillering period, most of the leaf age is in the same heart of four leaves, last year's continuous heavy rain washed away the soil fertility, this year we have to have some fertilizer to strengthen the ground." Peng Liangcheng said.

Last year, the wheat sowing period in our province was generally delayed, the type of seedling conditions was extremely complex, coupled with the uncertainty of spring weather, the difficulty of spring management in wheat fields increased. On January 17, our province issued the spring wheat field management technical guidance, this year's wheat field spring pipe to "promote the weak and stable group, promote the transformation of seedlings to protect the number of ears, promote the development of panicles to increase the number of grains, root protection and leaf increase in grain weight" as the goal, sub-regional, sub-type, phased precision policy, and strive to promote the transformation and upgrading of seedlings, set up a good yield shelf, and strive to seize the summer grain harvest.

Rejuvenation to the upswing period

Early tube thin tube promotes seedling transformation upgrade

"At present, the wheat in our province is in the overwintering period and the growth rate is relatively slow. From mid-to-late February to early March, the wheat in the province will enter the rejuvenation to the up period, according to the seedling conditions, moisture conditions, diseases and insects, zoning classification and implementation of policies, early management of fine tubes and fine tubes, to promote the transformation and upgrading of seedling conditions. Jiang Xiang, senior agronomist of the Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Station and an expert in the provincial wheat industry technology system, said.

According to the agricultural dispatch data of the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the seedling conditions during the wintering period of wheat in our province are significantly better than expected, and the proportion of first- and second-class seedlings in the province is 77.4%; the proportion of third-class seedlings is 22.3%; and the proportion of long-term seedlings is 0.3%, which is 0.6 percentage points less than that of the previous year.

For the first and second types of strong seedling wheat fields, spring management should promote the combination of control and control. For the second-class wheat fields with basic normal growth and suitable groups, on the basis of ploughing and hoeing in the rejuvenation period, about 15 kg of urea can be applied in combination with watering mu during the starting stage; the management of fertilizer water in a first-class wheat field should be postponed to the jointing period to ensure the steady growth of seedlings; for wheat fields planted with high-quality strong gluten and medium strong gluten wheat, about 10 kg of urea can be applied in combination with watering mu during the jointing stage to promote large grains and improve quality and efficiency.

For the three types of wheat fields, it is necessary to seize the good weather in early spring and cultivate and hoe in the early middle to increase the temperature and protect the moisture; for the late-sown weak seedling wheat fields with suitable moisture conditions, it is advisable to water them when the temperature rises steadily to above 3 ° C.

For long wheat fields or wheat fields with a long and prosperous trend, the main control is to return to the greening period, and suppression or deep hoeing and root cutting can be taken to suppress excessive tillering in spring and wheat seedlings to continue to grow strongly.

Jointing of the pregnant panicle stage

Operational fertilizer water to ensure the steady growth of seedlings

From mid-to-late March to early April, wheat will enter the jointing stage of pregnant ears. Jointing to pregnant ear stage is an important period to determine the number of ears per mu, the number of ears and grains, and to lay the foundation for grain weight, it is necessary to scientifically grasp the management of fertilizer and water according to the conditions of the seedlings, ensure the steady growth of seedlings, and set up a good yield shelf.

Liu Canhua, director of the provincial soil and fertilizer station, said that for a type of wheat field with a high level of fertility, watering was combined in the middle and late stages of jointing, and about 10 kilograms of urea were applied per mu. For a type of wheat field with a general soil level, about 15 kg of urea should be applied in combination with watering mu at the beginning of jointing. For the long wheat field, on the basis of the early control of the wang, 10-15 kg of urea should be applied to the mu in the middle and late stages of the jointing.

Drought should be prevented during the jointing period of wheat. According to the forecast of the meteorological department, the temperature in most parts of our province this spring is higher than that of the same period of the year, and the precipitation is less, and the possibility of local spring drought is increasing. All localities should strengthen the monitoring of soil moisture in wheat fields, and once insufficient moisture is found, they should be watered in time, and appropriate soil moisture should be ensured to promote the development of spike flowers.

Flowering period

Strengthen monitoring and prevention and control of major diseases and pests

From mid-to-late April to early May, wheat in our province will enter the flowering period. This stage is the period of frequent occurrence, recurrence and superposition of diseases and insect pests, and it is also a critical period for the prevention and control of diseases and insects.

Li Haohai, director of the provincial plant protection station, said that the focus should be on the prevention of wheat gibberellosis during the flowering period, and the southern areas should carry out comprehensive spray prevention from the wheat spike to the early stage of the flowering, and use sufficient liquid. If there is suitable disease epidemic weather such as continuous rain or continuous condensation haze during the flowering period, the prevention of drug application should be organized immediately to reduce the risk of disease epidemic.

According to the actual situation of wheat field diseases and insects, the fungicides, insecticides, plant growth regulators and foliar fertilizers, etc., scientific formula, mixed spraying, etc., comprehensive control of strip rust, powdery mildew, leaf rust, leaf blight and panicle aphids and other diseases and insect hazards, to achieve a multi-effect spray.