Author: Kong Xiangju
First, from a poor background, the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang knew the importance of talent
The life of the Hongwu Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang was a life of struggle, a life of all-out struggle for the creation of a bright kingdom. When he was young, he deeply understood the importance of officials to a common people.
After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, he first focused his work on the reform of the imperial examination system.
During the Southern Expedition and the Northern War, he saw too many local officials and unscrupulously oppressed the poor people, which made Zhu Yuanzhang, who had a strong sense of justice, indignant.
He knows best that if the officials are clear, the world will be at peace; if the officials are clear, the world will prosper. Therefore, at the beginning of the founding of the Ming Dynasty, he extensively recruited talents from all aspects of the empire.
At the beginning of the uprising, the most urgently needed people in the camp were military strategists. During the conquest with the Mongol cavalry and Chen Youyi, a large number of military wizards were discovered by Zhu Yuanzhang and invited into Zhu Yuanzhang's military camp.
It was at this time that he knew the talents in front of him, these sharp-minded strategists who could conquer the country for themselves. Most of them are scholars, and some of them are still after the titles of the former dynasty.
Emperor Zhu, who had a long-sighted vision, knew how to "plan ahead", and he had a big pattern in mind. He understood that a nation wants to rejuvenate, a country wants to develop, and without talents, everything is a castle in the air and is delusional.
In his macro-level dynasty pattern design, he is ready to take talent as a breakthrough, fully absorb talents from various aspects, and plan to serve the new royal power in the future.
After Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne as emperor, the first sweetness he tasted was the advice from the literati. This also strengthened Zhu Yuanzhang's belief that he must recruit talents.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Hongwu Emperor heeded the advice of the southern strategists Zhu Sheng, Liu Ji, Li Shanchang, Wang Guangyang, and the northern strategist Lü Chang, so that the central government returned to the hands of the Han people, production was quickly restored, and the economy and society could develop.
At the suggestion of Liu Ji and Li Shanchang, the Ming government ordered the peasants to return to farming and reward the reclamation of the land; at the suggestion of Wang Guangyang, the Hongwu Emperor ordered the imperial court to organize peasants in various places to build water conservancy projects; ordered the liberation of slaves, and vigorously advocated the cultivation of cash crops such as mulberry, hemp, and cotton.
After thirty years of efforts, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the social losses caused by the war and chaos over the years were gradually restored and developed, and the history is called the rule of Hongwu.
Second, the list of the north and the south almost made the talents in the north buried
When Zhu Yuanzhang's life was about to come to an end, an event occurred that changed the imperial examination system in later generations, known in history as the "North and South Lists".
In the spring of 1397, the imperial court ordered the Rebbe to take the examination, which was conducted by Liu Sanwu, a scholar of Hanlin, Jifu Jishan, Bai Xinfu, and others. At the time of the list, there were fifty-one people on the list, 100% of whom were southerners, and 0 northern students were admitted.
There was a huge gap, and the people in the north who fell behind were talking about it one after another, whether the northerners did not even have a qualified one, so they reported to Zhu Yuanzhang that the chief examiner Liu Sanwu was a southerner and intended to promote his hometown.
Zhu Yuanzhang was greatly angered when he learned of this, and he ordered the attendant Zhang Xin and twelve other people to review the examination papers, but the northerners still did not pass.
Zhu Yuanzhang was unhappy and suspicious, he was also accustomed to seeing the world and reading countless connoisseurs.
He absolutely did not believe that the talents of the North would be so bad. Therefore, he sent people to conduct secret investigations, trying to thoroughly investigate the problem and get the truth.
Soon, Zhu Yuanzhang received reliable information: Zhang Xin and others were ordered by Liu Sanwu to deliberately submit the examination papers of inferior northern examinees to the imperial court and His Majesty the Emperor when the imperial court reviewed the examination papers.
Zhu Yuanzhang, who had been thinking day and night about how to give an explanation to the students of the world, was completely angry after learning the news, and immediately decided to put Bai Yuqi, Zhang Xin, and others to death, and fill the elderly Liu Sanwu with the army.
On the first day of June of that year, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Hanlin Confucian ministers to select sixty-one people with excellent literary and scientific skills in the next volume and resume the court examination.
The new list: Han Kezhong, a native of Shandong, ranked first. Han Kezhong, zi shouxin, a native of Wucheng, Shandong. The others are people from the north and people from Shaanxi and Sichuan.
This is the famous "Spring and Summer List", also known as the "North and South List".
Speaking of the first place this time, it is not simple. It also proves that Zhu Yuanzhang's wise decision-making. After Han Kezhongzhong became a member of the Imperial Household, he entered the Hanlin Academy to study the history of the country. In less than half a year, Han Kezhong, who had solid skills, rose all the way to the deputy chief of the Guozijian, Siye.
Guozijian was the highest institution of learning in Daming, and Siye was responsible for academic affairs. When Han Kezhong first became the superintendent of Guozi, the guozi superintendent of learning and politics was abolished and very chaotic.
Han Kezhong, a hot-blooded Shandong Hanzi, and Zhang Xianzong, who sacrificed wine, worked together to rectify the study of politics and revise the supervision regulations, and soon after, the Guozijian flourished again.
The prosperity of the Guozijian has also indirectly benefited the students of the world, which is a great achievement in the creation of the culture of later generations.
Third, the Ming Dynasty attached importance to the balanced development of talents, which will be used in future generations
The long-established imperial examination system was created in the Sui Dynasty, and after the Ming Dynasty, with the efforts of Zhu Yuanzhang and his descendants, it reached its peak state and produced talents.
The reform of the Ming Dynasty's imperial examination system has been continuously exported, and all kinds of comprehensive talents have been exported, covering literature, military, science and so on.
At this time, the cultural achievements of the Ming Dynasty were like a galaxy. Natural scientist Song Yingxing compiled "Tiangong Kaiwu", medical scientist Li Shizhen compiled "Compendium of Materia Medica", medical scientist Chen Shigong compiled "Authentic Surgery", medical scientist Zhang Jingyue compiled "Class Classic", "Class Classic Diagram Wing", "Class Classic Auxiliary Wing", "Jingyue Quanshu", mathematician Wang Wensu compiled "New Collection of Evidence Ancient and Modern Arithmetic Treasure Book"... At this time, the world honored Daming as the Heavenly/Heavenly Kingdom.
During this period, the reason why we were able to cultivate a large number of comprehensive talents was inseparable from the advocacy and supervision of Zhu Yuanzhang, the head of the Ming Dynasty, and Emperor Zhu played a huge role in the reform of the imperial examination system.
【About the Author】Kong Xiangju, creator of folk hero stories, narrator of anti-Japanese national heroes and good han stories, storyteller of shandong good hans, and member of Tai'an Writers Association.
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