Since ancient times, every fertile land or military fortress has been a place where soldiers and families must fight, and Chinese have always followed this principle to plunder land, so places such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River Basin are inevitably always in constant war and chaos, and lives are destroyed.
Chinese don't like places that look "useless",
For some barren lands, it will not cost troops and financial resources to conquer
But these so-called "useless" also exist only in the eyes of the rulers, and they can't actually see it internally.
It is not an exaggeration to say that the ancient Chinese emperors were short-sighted, precisely because they always "picked and chose" in the conquered land.
As a result, our country has lost a vast piece of land.
It is 13 million square kilometers and is now the territory of Russia, the Siberian Plain.
Siberian Khanate
Siberia, because of its border with the Arctic Ocean, is in an extremely cold zone all year round.
The entire plain is covered with a thick layer of snow and ice
Many plants here cannot grow and have been inaccessible for a long time.
But even so, this vast land once gave birth to a small state, called the Siberian Khanate, also known as the Lost Bier Khanate.
In the 15th century, the Golden Horde once dominated the Siberian plains,
Later, with the weakening of the national strength and the rise of various tribal forces, they were divided into independent portals
Of these, the Siberian Khanate was one of them.
The secession of the Siberian Khanate occupied a vast area from the Tobol, Irtysh and Ob rivers. It's a vast and sparsely populated place,
The population is only about 200,000
They lived a nomadic life, mainly in agriculture and animal husbandry.
The Sibalia Khanate was an absolute monarchy, but there were still many remnants of slavery and primitive communalism.
There was often discord between the various princes and chiefs
Infighting has occurred from time to time, making the already barren country worse.
In fact, as early as the Stone Age, it has been inhabited here, and many strong peoples have been born here, such as xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic, Mongol and Jurchen, etc., these peoples are very strong in force, and have been feared by the Central Plains many times in history.
But the inhabitants of the Sibalia Khanate did not Chinese bravery, for they were easily annihilated by the Tsar, and here a man named Ivan IV had to be mentioned.
Russia's road to territorial expansion
In the early 15th century, Grand Duke Vasily III of Moscow was nearly 50 years old and had no heirs to determine. Later he married Yelena of the Golden Horde,
A year later, Yelena finally bore him a son, Ivan IV
。
Soon after Vasily III died of illness, he passed on ivan IV, but at this time he was still young, and the power of the court was monopolized by his mother Yelena. During Yelena's reign, fierce power clashes were waged with other nobles of the Grand Duchy.
During this period, all kinds of deception and murder were seen in the eyes of Ivan IV. And Yelena was not spared from the fight and was poisoned to death.
Ivan IV was only eight years old at this time,
At this age when it should have been carefree, his bloodthirsty nature was devouring his innocence step by step.
The reign of Ivan IV was marked by bloodshed and tyranny, as well as endless plunder. He pioneered a completely different way of ruling than his father, and as soon as he finished his coronation, he began a bloody massacre.
His goal was to resist the nobles of the Tsar, in a short period of seven years.
In order to weaken the power of the nobles, more than four thousand people were killed
。 While eradicating the nobility, he also fostered some minor nobles and citizens, for which he also created a new type of management.
He divided the country into "special jurisdictions" and "ordinary districts", which were the "heartland" of the national territory and were directly administered by the Tsar. The ordinary areas were mainly marginal and backward areas, and many of the great nobles were driven to these places by them, which greatly weakened the power of the nobles.
After relieving the internal troubles, Ivan IV began the first steps in his territorial expansion.
He first destroyed the Khanate of Kazan and later annexed the Khanate of Astrakhan
The territorial scope encompasses the North Caucasus.
The Kazan Khanate was originally a great empire on this continent, once far above the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The collapse of the Kazan Khanate not only redivided this vast land, but also brought about a new turning point in the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
They became powerful empires on the European continent from a small country by constantly annexing other countries.
This depends on ivan IV's bloodthirsty and brutal character
Therefore, the soldiers brought out are also very brave.
At the same time, after annexing the Kazan Khanate, Ivan IV also laid the foundation for the destruction of the Siberian Khanate.
Annexation of the Siberian Khanate
Moscow is so far from Siberia, why would Ivan IV be so enthusiastic about this land? Mainly because they see the economic interests behind Siberia.
The Siberian Khanate was not only rich in expensive furs
And it was also a stronghold for him to expand his power to the east.
Only by opening up this place could he expand his territory to the east without scruples. Thus Ivan IV spent a great deal of effort in attacking the Siberian Khanate. Although the country is weak, the national sense of resistance is still very strong.
Ivan IV used only 840 men to cross the Ural Mountains and attack Kashrek, the capital of the Siberian Khanate
。 The atrocities of their invasion naturally provoked the anger of the people, and everyone launched a fierce resistance, a struggle that lasted for twenty years.
It was not until the death of Kuchum Khan in 1598 that Ivan IV finally conquered the Siberian Khanate. Because of the expansion of the territory, Ivan IV finally renamed the country the Russian Empire.
He is also considered the first Russian tsar in history
Today's Siberian region is rich in leather and is rich in wildlife. this
It is also rich in mineral resources, such as oil, natural gas, coal and so on
。 Lake Baikal is the largest freshwater lake in the world, with more than half of Russia's water reserves.
Siberia, a vast expanse of land with very scarce black calcium soil, has become Russia's "granary", and some people even attribute Russia's strength to the Siberian plains. It is so good, why can't the ancient Chinese emperors see it?
In the Han Dynasty,
There were explorers who came to the Siberian plains, but they stopped at Lake Baikal,
They thought it was cold all year round, that it was impossible to grow plants, and that the lake was not as vast as they had imagined, so they stopped exploring.
By the time of the Tang Dynasty, the activity of the Silk Road did not allow the Chinese people to go deeper into Siberia. The iron hooves of the Yuan Dynasty reached the banks of the Arctic Ocean, but only a small part of Siberia.
The territory of the Qing Dynasty once became the largest in history,
However, due to the short-sightedness of the emperor, he also missed this thirteen million square kilometers of land
Because this cold place has never been able to enter the eyes of the ruler.
As a result of China's "voluntary abandonment", this land became The territory of Russia, Ivan IV was instrumental in this place, although his cruelty and inhumanity have always been criticized, but the conquest of Siberia is the best gift he has given to his russian children and grandchildren.