After thousands of years of development, China's agriculture has made great progress in the two Han Dynasties. The Han Dynasty was the first heyday of China's feudal society. The Western Han Dynasty also raised grain storage and preparation for war and famine to the height of the foundation of governing the country, and built granaries throughout the country, such as Taicang in Chang'an City, county warehouses in various counties, and Changping warehouses. At the same time, with the establishment of the confucian supremacy status, the concept of funeral customs in the Han Dynasty also changed, and the custom of thick burial became popular. "Death is like life", using the granary model that often appears in reality as a ming vessel for burial was very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty funeral pottery warehouses are wide in scope, numerous in number, and numerous in shape, which are the crowns of all dynasties.
The Han Dynasty pottery warehouses collected in Xuchang area have a variety of shapes and rich glaze colors, and the shapes and ornaments of individual pottery warehouses are relatively rare, which can fill the gap in archaeological data and provide valuable information for the study of Han Dynasty pottery warehouses.
According to the pottery warehouse excavated from the tombs of the two Han Dynasties in Xuchang area, its shape characteristics can be divided into two types: one is that the plane is round; One is a square plan.
"Lü's Spring and Autumn And Mid-Autumn Chronicle" is highly seductively injected into the clouds: "Yuan Yue Yuan, Fang Yue Cang." There are circular pottery warehouses excavated from han tombs in the eastern suburbs of Xi'an, and the words "White Rice Yuan" and "Wheat Yuan" are written on the warehouse, which can confirm that the circular warehouse is the "囷" in the literature. Round pottery barn, simple shape, generally for the barrel abdomen, the upper part of the eaves top, not out of the eaves and with a covered top and no cover, the bottom with three feet. The other type of square is called a warehouse.
▌[Late Western Han Dynasty ~ Early Eastern Han Dynasty] Animal hoof shaped green glazed pottery warehouse
Height 30.7 cm Caliber 8.6 cm Diameter 15 cm Bottom diameter 11.6 cm Height 3.4 cm
It is now in the Yuzhou Municipal Cultural Management Office
This hoof-shaped green glazed ceramic silo, cylindrical, placed on the top of the eaves, the uppermost end has a circular silo, the barn body is thick and thin, the outside is decorated with a circle pattern and four sets of string patterns, and the lower side is attached with three animal hoof-shaped feet, and the dark green glaze is applied throughout. This pottery warehouse similarity has not been found in archaeological excavations and plate data, according to the modeling characteristics and ornamental decorative characteristics, we compared with some related Han Dynasty pottery modeling characteristics and decorative patterns, we speculate that its age is the period from the end of the Western Han Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty.
▌[Middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty] Green glazed six-legged pottery warehouse building
Pass height 38.7 cm Pass length 30.7 cm Width 21.2 cm
Cover length 30.4 cm Cover width 19.8 cm Cover height 5.5 cm
Mouth length 22 cm Mouth width 14.5 cm Mouth height 34 cm
It is now in the collection of Xuchang Museum
This green glazed six-legged pottery warehouse building, the warehouse building consists of a barn cover and a warehouse body. The canopy cover is four-a-topped, and the tile ridges are clear. The plan of the warehouse is rectangular, and the barn tower is straight and the upper and lower widths. Flat mouth, straight wall, flat bottom, with six beast-shaped feet underneath. The front wall has three first-tiered bucket arches protruding from the flat opening. The front wall is engraved with a window ledge, with a 2.5×3 cm rectangular cave window, slightly above the three beams, each placed a bucket of three-liter bucket arch, the lower circle pattern, the lower half obliquely carved a three-dimensional trapezoidal pattern. It is surrounded by diamond-shaped stripes. The remaining three walls are unadorned and glazed with greenery throughout.
This article is excerpted from the 2019 "Collection" magazine issue 7 "Cangmiao Fengying: Han Dynasty Pottery Warehouse in Xuchang Area", please pay attention to the current issue of the magazine for more content.