The thyroid gland is the endocrine gland of the human body, and the secreted thyroid hormone is the basis of all physiological activities of the human body, and is involved in the growth and development of people and the regulation of energy metabolism. Once an abnormality occurs that leads to regulatory failure, the body's endocrine system will lose its balance.
Under the normal regulation of thyroid hormones, our body can work methodically. Once there is an abnormality, resulting in regulatory failure, the body's endocrine environment (including sex hormone levels) will be out of balance, which will affect the secretion and regulation of female hormones and reduce the chance of conception.
Thyroid disease is the second largest disease in the field of endocrinology, the incidence of women is more than 6 times that of men, and about 20% of women over 40 years old have thyroid disease. In infertility, about 5% to 10% are caused by abnormal thyroid function.
The reason why the thyroid gland affects fertility is that thyroid synthesis and release of thyroid hormones are involved in the metabolism of various substances in the body, which have a direct impact on tissue differentiation, growth and development, and reproductive physiology, such as promoting the development and maturation of the gonads, maintaining normal testicular spermatogenesis, ovulation and menstrual function, etc., all of which require the presence of normal thyroid function.
Just as endocrine balance is emphasized, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are both diseases that can become obstacles in the preparation of women of childbearing age.
Hyperthyroidism: Most patients with hyperthyroidism are accompanied by menstrual disturbances, abnormal ovulation mechanisms, or amenorrhea, which affect their fertility. When thyroid hormones in a woman's body stimulate antibodies, they will directly affect the thyroid function of the fetus through the placenta, and the chance of hyperthyroidism after the birth of the child is significantly increased.
In addition, women with hyperthyroidism are prone to premature or miscarriage and stillbirth after pregnancy, which also increases the chance of heart disease.
Hypothyroidism: it will cause pregnant women to gain weight, body intolerance of cold, significant memory loss and constipation, if not effectively treated may cause miscarriage, placental abruption or fetal death.
In addition, when pregnant women have hypothyroidism, it will affect the skeleton and neurodevelopment of the fetus, and the child will have a low IQ after birth, physical development is relatively slow, and there may also be cleft lip and palate, brain or heart defects. Children are less resistant and have reduced their intelligence.
Whether it is hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism will affect women's fertility, so be sure to strictly follow the doctor's instructions for treatment. During pregnancy, you should go to the hospital regularly for obstetric examinations, keep abreast of the physical condition, and prevent the fetus from being sick. If the pregnancy reaction is very serious, you should go to the hospital for thyroid function monitoring or iodine content testing in time, which plays a crucial role in the incidence of hypothyroidism in young children.
It is recommended that women of childbearing age routinely test thyroid function before trying to conceive. Women diagnosed with thyroid disease are recommended to specialize in treatment before trying to conceive. Usually, we must protect the thyroid gland, do not work too hard, avoid abnormal work and rest, and do not stay up late! Don't stay up late! Don't stay up late!