A great start to the year! Large-scale archaeological history documentary "Yangshao Story"
On the evening of January 1, it was grandly launched on CCTV comprehensive channel and science channel.
Many of them are involved
A fragment of Mr. Anderson's archaeology in Lintao in the northwest.
2024 marks the 100th anniversary of the discovery of Majiayao culture
How are majiayao ruins parks and Majiayao museums built now?
Dean of school of architecture, Central Academy of Fine Arts,
Professor Zhu Kai brought design sharing to everyone.
Here is the viewing building of the Lintao Majiayao ruins
The Majiayao site in Lintao, Gansu, is the birthplace of China's important prehistoric civilization. In 1924, the Swedish geographer and archaeologist Johan Gunnar Andersson first discovered the site of Majiayao, but because of the faience pottery found in the site, he concluded that the Majiayao culture was part of the Yangshao culture, and later confirmed that the Majiayao culture was an independent cultural system through the research of archaeologist Xia Nai.
The northwest is completely different from Jiangnan and Yunnan, and is a magic work of nature and has unique natural characteristics. The Majiayao site is at the confluence of bamayugou and the Tao River, an important tributary of the Yellow River, where the mountains are layered terraces called "Ping". Whether it is the Majiayao site, the Temple Valley site, or other nearby sites, they were all found on the second and third terraces, so it can be speculated that the water of the Tao River flooded to the first terrace four or five thousand years ago.
The Majiayao site faces south and faces the Bamayu Ditch, and we can imagine the life and labor scene of people going up the mountain to farm and hunt and go down the mountain to get water and dig mud from the "zigzag" mountain road. Today's often said "sitting north facing south, back to the mountain and facing the water" is reproduced here, these truths are the construction wisdom and experience left by the ancestors: how to place a building field and sitting direction, first of all, you must know where the sun is, where the wind is, where the water is...
Our job is to build a museum on the site of Majiayao and make a viewing building on the top of the opposite hill, and today we are talking about the viewing building. From the perspective of "natural architecture", I think that to build a scenic building here, it is not only necessary to "look at the scenery", but more importantly, to let people experience and recognize the special geography and survival civilization here; not the superficial pursuit of form, but the exploration of the construction rules related to the climate and culture behind the deep architecture.
Site Environment Zhu Kai Architects
The concept of this design is a "hidden" building: there is a tent-like object on the flat, but the main body is hidden underground, opening a horizontal slit in the direction of the Majiayao site. The idea of "hiding" the building came from the experience of building a northwest cave dwelling. Many archaeologists believe that the earliest kilns in this area were excavated along the side of the mountain: the bottom of the kiln was burned to generate heat, the clay pots were fired on top, and many kilns had different forms of variation in order to reach the firing temperature.
Left: Northwest Cave | Right: Ancient Residence Zhu Cheng Architectural Design Office
Sketch of the design concept Zhu Cheng
A "hidden" building (model) Zhu Kai Architectural Design Office
But as a building still has to return to the construction of order and geometry, the plane and space are ultimately the geometric abstractions of the "cave dwelling". We replicate the "zigzag" path walking experience as a path for people to enter the space, and then enter a courtyard, and then the foyer, which is arranged with functions such as bookstores, cafes, exhibitions, etc., and has three viewing platforms at the same time. Because the entire building spans both sides of the hilltop, it gets the most viewing surfaces: the first viewing platform is a long horizontal slit where the Majiayao ruins, the natural platform landform and farming civilization can be seen; the other two viewing platforms are dotted, overlooking the Tao River and looking at the small ditch. Go up the indoor staircase to the "small tent" in the upper half of the ping, which overlooks the ruins of Majiayao and Bamayugou and the Tao River in the distance.
Ground Floor Plan Zhu Kai Architectural Design Office
Cross-sectional view of Zhu Cheng's Architectural Design Office
Travel down from the entrance to Zhu Cheng Architects
Exhibition hall and viewing platform Zhu Kai Architectural Design Office
I think the biggest challenge of this building, or the key to the success or failure of the building, is construction: how to naturally shape a space like nature shapes the Loess Plateau, preserving the original vegetation as much as possible, rather than destroying the mountain and then repairing it by digging and then covering the soil, is something that needs to be carefully considered. Regarding the material of the building, I think it will be a combination of solid concrete and local clay. However, because it is still in the conceptual stage, more in-depth deliberation is needed.
Small tent on the roof (model) Zhu Kai Architectural Design Office
Although the four projects are very different in terms of site characteristics and architectural forms, my design concept is only one: to find the regional characteristics of the place from the experience of the ancestors' life and culture, people's survival, construction wisdom and learn from it; use contemporary architectural language and simple construction to create smart and energy-saving buildings, and reshape the experience between architecture, nature and culture, that is, "root and creation". This is also the essence of what I understand as "natural architecture".
Majiayao cultural landscape architecture Zhu Kai
Source: Zhu Kai Architecture
Edit: Dapeng
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