The Mon Lisa seedless grape variety is a Eurasian species. Also known as Merissa seedless, Melissa seedless, And Molisha seedless. Cross-bred by the ARS Branch of the Fresno Department of Agriculture in California, USA. Parents: Krisson seedless XB40-208, a cultivar obtained by embryo culture. Introduced in 1999 by Shandong Qingdao California (Sino-US joint venture) Seedless Grape Development Co., Ltd. The experimental garden was planted from 2002 to 2005. Seedlings were introduced from Sun Jingting of the East Wind Field in Laixi, Shandong.
The ears are conical, medium to large, single-shouldered, and the fruit grains are loose to medium compact. The fruit is large, with an average grain weight of 5-6 g, an average grain weight of 6 g during ring peeling, a diameter of 2.6cm, and a longitudinal diameter of 1.93 cm.
First, the characteristics of Mon lisa seedless grapes
The Seedless Grape Varieties of Mon Lisa are cultivated in the experimental garden under rain shelter, and the germination period in the northern region is April 4, the flowering period is May 16 to 21, the ripening period is August 25 to September 5, and the germination to maturity is 144 to 155 days, which is medium ripe. In Laixi, Shandong For 125 to 130 days. Late ripening in the berries. The flower bud differentiation and stable yield of the cultivated flower in the experimental garden are medium. The resulting branches accounted for 45.2%-49.3% of the total number of bud eyes, and the average number of fruit panicles per fruit branch was 1.5, and the yield was medium. According to the experimental garden, the average transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of the 11 leaves below the core were 14.0 cm, the longitudinal diameter was 10.6 cm, and the leaf area was 108.3 square centimeters, and the maximum leaf diameter under the core was 19.5 cm, the longitudinal diameter was 14.0 cm, and the leaf area was 196.9 square centimeters, which belonged to the medium and small leaf type. The basal leaves grow normally and are not prone to early yellowing. The branches are thick, and some of the branches are easy to be super thick, and the color change and maturity are normal.
The fruit spikes of the Mon Lisa seedless grape variety are conical. The Mun Lisa uses gibberelloc acid treatment during the flowering and fruiting stages to enlarge the fruit grains. Fruit thinning and ring peeling can also increase the fruit grain by more than 2-3g. The use of gibberellinic acid treatment at the fruit-setting stage can increase the weight of each grain by 2-3g. The natural weight of the well-differentiated fruit spikes is 400-500 grams, and the natural weight of the gibberellotic acid treatment can reach 600-800 grams, and the natural weight of the flower bud differentiation is 300-400 grams, and the natural weight of the gibberellotic acid is 400-600 grams. The fruit grains are compact. Good storage resistance. The fruit grains are oblong-oval. Sensitive to gibberelloc acid, natural grain weight 5 ~ 6 grams, after treatment of gibberelloc acid up to 8 ~ 9 grams, longitudinal diameter 3.1 cm, horizontal diameter 2 cm. The experimental garden introduced 14 Eurasian seedless varieties, and the fruit grains were found to be the largest after hormonal treatment. The peel is greenish yellow→ yellowish green → golden yellow. The flesh is hard and crispy, with less juice. Soluble solids 16% to 17%, titrated acid 0.5%, with a light rose fragrance. The flesh is hard and crisp, sweet, fragrant and has a good taste. Naturally seedless.
The Mon Lisa seedless grape variety has strong growth potential and strong branching power. The disease resistance is medium, and it is susceptible to white rot of fruit ears.
Second, the advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Advantages: The fruit is seedless. Stable yield is better. The fruit is sensitive to gibberelloc acid and has large grains of treatment consequences. The flesh is hard, crisp, fragrant, sweet and has a good taste.
Disadvantages: the growth is too strong, the branches are easy to be super thick. In the later stages, it is prone to white rot disease of fruit spikes.
In the north and south, it can be used as a collocation of medium-ripe seedless varieties.
Third, planting points
1. Shelf selection: Mon Lisa seedless grape varieties are suitable for V-shaped horizontal frame, high and wide hanging frame, horizontal trellis, inclined small trellis. Single-wall fences are not suitable.
2, yield control: planting Monterisa seedless grapes recommended yield control of 1250 kg / mu, should not exceed 1500 kg. There are about 2500 strings of spikes. Dingzi: 2800 to 3000 in the south, 3300 to 3500 in the north. The cranberry ratio is about 1:0.7 to 1:0.8.
3. Expansion: The fruit of the Mon Lisa seedless grape is sensitive to gibberellocic acid, and the fruit setting grain is treated once at the size of the soybean, which can be increased by 2 to 3 grams.
4, fruit thinning: after the fruit set of The Borealis seedless grapes, the fruit should be loose in the first expansion stage of the fruit; so that the fruit grains are tight, and the fruits should be heavily thinned, otherwise the fruit particles will be enlarged, and it is easy to squeeze the rotten fruit grains.
5, water and fertilizer management: Mon Lisa seedless grapes in the medium soil fertility of the garden, the annual fertilizer use reference value is: chicken manure 1 ton or duck manure, sheep manure 1.5 tons, or pig manure 2 tons. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer 30-40 kg, phosphorus-containing fertilizer 50 kg, potassium-containing fertilizer 50 kg. Appropriately reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used. Sub-base fertilizer, the first puffed fruit fertilizer, the second puffed fruit fertilizer 3 times applied, the general germination fertilizer and fruit picking fertilizer should not be used. Adjust according to the soil quality, seedling selection, fruit hanging, and tree growth in the current year.
6, winter shearing skills: Mon Lisa seedless grapes in the winter pruning, the use of 8 leaves winter shears, early cutting of the garden to 7 ~ 8 buds in the middle of the pruning is the mainstay, leaving a bud amount of 0.9-10,000; the use of 11 leaves to pluck the garden 7-10 buds, long shoots combined, leaving about 10,000 buds.