To plant vines, choose the right garden to build a shelf, choose a sunny and slightly higher terrain, loose soil, good air permeability, and place cement columns as grape racks according to the planting area. When planting, master the row spacing and plant spacing to strengthen ventilation. Pay attention to the management of water and fertilizer, and the frequency of watering should not be too much, so as not to increase the disease in the garden.
First of all, the grapes should be planted in a high and sunny area, and loose soil such as sandy loam can be used. The pH value of the soil is better in 6.3 to 7.3. When planting, the grafted seedlings with more roots and complete roots are selected, and the planting density with a row spacing of 6 meters and a plant spacing of 1.5 meters is adopted to improve ventilation and illumination.
When watering, you can use the method of flood irrigation, small water flow can be, to avoid large water erosion, if the impact of the water column is larger, you can divide the ditch to divert the flow, each watering to avoid too much water, so as not to cause the soil environment to be too wet, resulting in disease problems.
Grapes have a high content of glucose, so how is glucose determined in fruits? Today, Picos will share with you how to detect glucose content by cysteine.
1. Experimental reagents
1.1 Sulfuric acid (86% volume fraction): Take 340.66 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid (1.84 g/ml, 98%) and slowly pour along the beaker wall into a beaker filled with 100 ml of distilled water.
1.2 Cysteine Reagent: Weigh 0.03 g of cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate dissolved in 100 ml sulfuric acid solution (86% volume fraction) formulated to about 0.03% (mass fraction) of cysteine reagent.
1.3 80% ethanol
1.4 Accurately weigh 0.04g of anhydrous glucose dissolved in a small amount of distilled water and set the volume to 1000ml to make a glucose standard solution (40ug/ml)
Second, the main instruments
Oven, centrifuge, UV/VIS spectrophotometer, analytical balance, thermostatic water bath pot
Third, the preparation of the specimen
After the sample to be measured in the dried laboratory is fully mixed, it is reduced to 100g according to the quartile method, crushed, and all the grains are passed through a 100 mesh sieve and loaded into the sample bottle for later use.
Fourth, the analysis steps
4.1 Sample extraction
Weigh about 50mg of samples poured into a 10 ml scale centrifuge tube added 4 ml of 80% ethanol, as for the 80 ° C water bath continuously stirred for 40 min, centrifugation, collection of supernatant, the residue plus 2 ml of 80% ethanol repeated lift 2 times, combined with the supernatant. 80% ethanol is set to 10 ml, filtered and determined by filtrate.
4.2 Make a standard curve
Take 6 tube numbers and add each reagent precisely as shown in the table below
<col>
numbering
1
2
3
4
5
6
Glucose standard solution /ml
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Distilled water /ml
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
Cysteine reagent/ml
The boiling water bath of each of the above tubes is boiling for 3 min, and the absorbance is determined after cooling, and the standard curve is plotted
4.3 Color development determination
Take the plant extract instead of the standard glucose solution, determine the glucose content according to the above steps, read the OD value, get the total glucose content of the extract from the standard curve, and then calculate the glucose content in the sample.
5. Calculation of results
Glucose content (%) = [(a×V total ×n) / (V ×m×106)] × 100%
where: a - reducing sugar content calculated from the score, ug;
V Total – Total volume of sample extract, ml;
n - dilution multiple for sample extract;
V measurement - aspirate the sample liquid volume during color development determination, ml;
m - sample dry weight, g;
106 - ug is converted to g.
Source: Chengdu Picos Biological