With the passage of time and the passage of time, in Xi'an, a hot land with rich cultural heritage, civilization has iteratively refined countless proud intangible cultural heritages.
With the precipitation of history, those intangible cultural heritages that were once forgotten in the corner carry the traces of time, carry the heritage of traditional culture, and re-display their inherent cultural self-confidence in this era.
A few days ago, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced the list of recommended items for the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects, with a total of 337 items selected (198 newly listed and 139 expanded items), and among the 13 intangible cultural heritage items selected in Shaanxi Province, a number of intangible cultural heritage items in Xi'an were selected.
It is adjacent to the temple high hall and friends with the fireworks of the city well. Intangible cultural heritage is the crystallization of inheriting the culture of thousands of years, condensing the survival wisdom and cultural orientation of the ancients, and is the cultural gene that we inherit in our blood. A number of intangible cultural heritage projects in Xi'an were selected for the national intangible cultural heritage publicity, and the charm contained in them is colorful.
01
Traditional house construction techniques in Guanzhong
The traditional residential construction techniques in Guanzhong are one of the ancient residential construction techniques summarized and created by the broad masses of the people in Guanzhong in the long-term production and life practice, and it is also one of the valuable intangible cultural heritage.
Typical representatives are the traditional courtyard model, the house has a ridge and two slopes, two sides of the flowing water saddle room and commonly known as the "house half cover" of the xiazi room, its structure and layout show its unique "deep house, narrow courtyard, closed" space characteristics, but also contains architectural art and wisdom.
In summer, it can shade and harvest rainwater, and in winter and spring, it can withstand wind and sand. Guanzhong's traditional residential construction techniques not only continue the traditional layout of the northern courtyard-style residential buildings, but also improve them according to local conditions, and the construction style is very Chinese and practical.
▲Guanzhong Folk Customs Museum
02
Lü's township is about the township yi
In the ninth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1076), the representative figure of "Guan Xue", "Lantian Silu", based on the demands of rural stability and harmony among neighbors, formulated the "Lü's Township Covenant" based on moral indoctrination, and through the integration of social order to promote evil and good, highlight justice, purify customs, and enhance morality, in order to influence the township and change customs and customs. This is the earliest written township covenant in China's history, and its emergence has had a great impact on rural governance in later generations.
Lü's hometown, Lantian Ancient Road
The "Lü's Township Covenant" created by "Lantian Silu" turns the crystallization of the wisdom of the sages into more than 3,000 words of detailed rules, like a spring eye, turning the thousand-year-old culture into a trickle of clear water and flowing into the fields. Among them, these sixteen words, "Moral persuasion, fault and discipline, mutual intercourse between etiquette and customs, and sympathy for suffering", have become the essence of the "Lü's Township Covenant".
As he said, "Those who depend on the neighbors and townships have brothers and sisters, and their families have brothers, and the interests and harms of good and evil are the same, and they cannot be left without a day." Otherwise, then Qin Yue's vision, why should it be with me! The Lü brothers hope that the townspeople will respond positively to the township covenant they drafted, and provide suggestions and opinions to work with them to achieve the beauty of Liren.
Historical data show that the influence of the "Lü Clan Township Covenant" is very large, it is not only implemented in the Lü clan, but also promoted throughout the Guanzhong region, "Guanzhong folk customs are a change", which is the successful practice of excellent township culture to promote rural governance.
03
Shaanxi Allegro
Shaanxi Allegro is the traditional rap art of Shaanxi Province, which belongs to the form of expressing music with rhythmic language such as bamboo boards or drum beats. Folk customs are "谝于板", "Lianzi mouth". In some places, it is also called "Allegro poem" and "Allegro book", and the performance method is to play the board according to the rhythm, but you can add "commentary" or prose style "Confession" in the middle.
The themes of Shaanxi Allegro are extensive, the performance form knocks on the board and says the table, the masses like to hear it, and the folk Allegro artists are all in villages and villages.
Famous such as Lintong County peasant Allegro poet Wang Laojiu, in his lifetime, he wrote more than 100 allegro poems, and published "Selected Poems of Wang Laojiu", which was distributed at home and abroad; Xie Maogong of Samwon County, who wrote his own story for decades, went to North Korea to perform at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China; Sun Borun of Dali County, Liu Wenlong of Xi'an City, Ju Zhiyi, Zhang Cheng, and others from Gaoling County all have famous works published in newspapers and periodicals, and those that have not been published are all circulated among the people.
04
Guqin art
Guqin performance is the oldest instrumental performance form with the highest artistic standard, the most national spirit, aesthetic taste and traditional artistic characteristics in China's history, and it is the art with the longest historical origin and continuous in China.
The Qin school of guqin circulating in the ancient capital of Xi'an, its style and artistic expression are different from other qin schools, it is mainly based on piano songs and chanting, supplemented by ensembles or solos, and the qin song chanting is exquisite: harmony, quiet, qing, far, ancient, light, idyllic, elegant, beautiful, bright, colorful, clean, run, round, firm, macro, fine, flowing, healthy, light, heavy, late.
▲The picture originates from the Xi'an Guqin Association
The art of the Qin school of guqin was inherited by the Zhang family at the end of the Qing Dynasty, and Zhang Xiaochen, the descendant of the Zhang family in the Republic of China period, communicated with Chen Yaoting (the number of the qin, the twelve guqin people of the Zhai number) in Xi'an for many years and passed on the Qin school of qinqin art, and his disciples were Zhou Zhaoyi, Zhou Zhaoyi passed on Hu Baoqin, Zhai Chuanbao studied from Hu Baoqin, and sang his true tradition in the piano song.
▲The picture originates from Nanshan Cultivation Reading
05
Lao Sun's lamb steamed bun making skills
Xi'an is the capital of lamb steamed buns, as far back as the pre-Qin period, Xi'an area has a "Qin people are good at governing sheep, Qin people are good at using soup" food tradition, of which the old Sun family lamb steamed bun is the most famous.
Lao Sun Family Restaurant was founded in the 24th year of Qing Guangxu. It is mainly known for its beef and mutton steamed buns, local snacks, and western halal dishes, and has a history of 122 years.
After more than 100 years of meticulous construction and innovation, it has won the titles of "China Time-honored Brand" and "Top Ten Characteristic Catering Brands", and has been listed as one of the "Top Ten Cultural Symbols of Shaanxi" because of its long-standing bubble steamed bun technology, and has the reputation of "the first bowl in the world".
"Xi'an look at the Terracotta Warriors, eat lao Sun's lamb steamed buns", a bowl of beef and mutton steamed buns backstage processing for more than 15 hours, soup, meat, steamed buns, each link is strictly controlled. Lao Sun's beef and mutton steamed bun meat is fat but not greasy, the soup aroma is overflowing with tempting appetite, and the aftertaste is endless.
06
Xi'an Jia San irrigation soup bun making technique
Jia San Guan Soup Bun is a kind of local specialty snack in Xi'an, and is one of the largest and loudest Xi'an snacks in Xi'an. On July 3, 2020, Xi'an Jia San Tang Bao was selected as the first batch of "Xi'an Time-honored Brand" and "Xi'an Famous Food".
Jia San Guan Tang Bun was founded by Jia San (formerly known as Jia Zhiliang), based on the experience of his grandparents and fathers in operating "Halal Buns", Jia San Guan Tang Buns with its exquisite clarity, fresh and tender meat, thin skin and soft skin, thick soup juice, oil but not greasy, has become a must-have halal diet in the ancient city of Xi'an.
Continuing the context of the culture, the task is heavy and the road is long, and the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage cannot be delayed. Intangible cultural heritage represents not only the past, but also the present and the future.
In recent years, Xi'an, which has a deep cultural heritage, has effectively done a good job in the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, and in inheriting and promoting excellent traditional culture, it has continuously highlighted the Xi'an symbol, created a new intangible cultural heritage experience tourism, research routes and products, opened a new starting point for the deep integration of "intangible cultural heritage + tourism" and "intangible cultural heritage + research", enhanced cultural self-confidence, and better promoted the dissemination of intangible cultural heritage.
While highlighting the charm of Xi'an's intangible cultural heritage, the ancient capital of Xi'an warmly invites friends from all over the world to come to Xi'an to taste the ancient capital culture, deeply experience the intangible cultural heritage projects, and let the ancient intangible cultural heritage "go out of the circle".
Looking forward to your visit to Xi'an, you will embark on a journey of intangible cultural heritage performing arts and intangible cultural handicrafts, and experience the rich history and culture of Xi'an and the charm of intangible cultural heritage at close range.
Source: Xi'an XIAN Comprehensive Xi'an Cultural Tourism Voice, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Xi'an City Local History, Shaanxi Net and other websites and related public accounts