As an ancient civilization standing in the east of the world, China's history has always been the object of people's talk, and "History" has been called "the best song of historians, the rhymeless departure" by Lu Xun, and has been regarded as a holy book by countless Chinese and foreign history lovers.
However, many foreign scholars, who are convinced of the "strong han, sheng tang, rich Song, and gangming" of Chinese history, have a negative attitude toward the existence of xia and shang before the Zhou Dynasty, believing that they are fabricated dynasties, because of the emergence of oracle bones, so that the Shang dynasty is recognized by the world, and all this should be attributed to a celebrity in the late Qing Dynasty.
One
Late Qing Dynasty celebrities, cultural everyone
When mentioning the famous ministers of the late Qing Dynasty, everyone will definitely think of four people, they are "Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and Zhang Zhidong" However, there is such a person, he is not well known, history gives him an evaluation, but not inferior to any one of them, and his cultural achievements are far higher than them, he is Wang Yirong.
Wang Yirong, a native of Yunnan, was born in a family of eunuchs, Guangxu six years into the soldiers, deep emperor and Cixi appreciation, was ordered to resist the Eight-Nation Alliance, in 1900, the Boxer Rebellion invaded Tianjin, the cowardly Cixi worried that the embassies of various countries were destroyed, it was difficult to withstand the anger of the great powers, so he sent Ronglu to send troops to protect, Wang Yirong was the minister of regimental training, seeing this scene, Wang Yirong was deeply ashamed, saying,"This day and I am also dead" and Providence made people, Wang Yirong died in this year.
Wang Yirong's life, in fact, is quite complete, Mrs. Huang, very virtuous, in the late Qing Dynasty, the atmosphere of gold stone collection is very prosperous, many people are even more engaged in the sale of gold stone, and Wang Yirong was very interested in gold stones and ancient books in his early years, the virtuous Huang family has been quietly supporting her husband, and even pawned his dowry for Wang Yirong's procurement, and Wang Yirong, who loves to collect, soon has a certain popularity in the capital.
At the same time, Wang Yirong's achievements in calligraphy are also quite high, known as the Eastern Monster, and is known as one of the four major calligraphers in the late Qing Dynasty.
Two? Seven times down the list, one dynasty into the army
However, it was such a famous courtier, but since the age of eighteen, seven consecutive times to fall behind Sun Shan, repeatedly failed to succeed, in the autumn of 1879, this year may be his turning point year, after he participated in the eighth township examination, finally won the jinshi, after which all the way to the green light, the official to the Guozi supervision of wine.
As mentioned above, Wang Yirong was born in a family of official eunuchs, but his relationship was also extraordinary, in 1870, Zhang Zhidong had good political achievements during his tenure as a scholar in Hubei, and many celebrities in the capital came to befriend him, including Wang Yirong, in 1875, Zhang Zhidong's second wife died of illness, and in the same year, Zhang Zhidong married Wang Yirong's sister Wang Yixian as his wife, Wang Yixian was born into a famous family, knew dali, and his own talent was far from being comparable to ordinary women, so he was very favored by Zhang Zhidong.
Three years later, Wang Yixian died of illness, and Zhang Zhidong could not forget this relationship for a long time, since then, Zhang Zhidong and Wang Yirong's relationship has become deeper and more precious.
At that time, Wang Yirong, in the face of the ravages of the great powers, wanted to buy weapons, train soldiers and horses, and was ashamed of the country, but suffering from no channels and excess silver, had to ask Zhang Zhidong for help and borrow some ordnance, and Zhang Zhidong would always help. Although the two do not meet often, they often exchange letters, and when they are depressed, they will also confide in each other and encourage each other, although Wang Yirong is not a great achievement in terms of career, but his achievements in culture are second to none, and Zhang Zhidong is just the opposite, and the two are complementary.
Three? Beijing fell, martyred the country, and opened a new chapter in Chinese history
However, this day finally came, in 1900, the Eight-Power Alliance army captured Tianjin, advanced into Beijing, and fought a decisive battle with the Qing army on the outskirts of Beijing, the governor of Zhili Province, Yu Lu, the minister of water division, committed suicide, in July, the Eight-Nation Alliance bombarded Beijing, Beijing fell, Cixi, Guangxu fled with his cronies, and many ministers were also frightened by the coalition and fled in all directions.
At this time, Wang Yirong was already as dead as ashes in his heart: "The Lord is worried about the humiliation of the subjects, the Lord is insulting the subjects and dies, and it is close to what he stops. "Never be reckless and secretly live, swear to coexist and die with the country, after writing the desperate words, he will take the widowed eldest daughter-in-law to commit suicide, a clean official, a everyone, can also be said to be a hero with iron bones, just like this, he passed away, leaving not a little gold and silver, leaving only a few pieces of yu Yu shining oracle bones, quietly, quietly, lying on his desk.
Zhang Zhidong learned of the death of his best friend, grief-stricken, but also for a long time can not let go, in 1931, in Beiping's "North China Daily" "North China Pictorial" published an article called "Turtle Shell Text" to commemorate Wang Yirong.
In the autumn of 1899, Wang Yirong bought a batch of oracle bones at a high price, and the merchants who tasted the sweetness heard that a batch of oracle bones had been unearthed in Anyang, Northern Henan, and bought a large number of oracle bones at a low price, and sold them to Wang Yirong.
Later, Wang Yirong found that this batch of oracle bones were covered with words and paintings, so he gave the antique dealer six hundred and two silver, let it buy a large amount, after research, Wang Yirong found that this batch of so-called "dragon bones" is actually turtle bones, and these words, it is likely to be the shang dynasty divination objects, since then, Wang Yirong became the first person to discover and study oracle bones.
The discovery of oracle bones proves that the existence of the Shang Dynasty in China is beyond doubt, and at the same time, the emergence of oracle bones provides an important basis for the historical research of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties in China.
From Wang Yirong's body, we see the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation, the pride of not fearing power, and today, China's right to speak is getting heavier and heavier, in the long river of 5,000 years of history, our opponents have changed batch after batch, and we have always stood in the east of the world.
Wang Yirong is a loyal and famous courtier of the late Qing Dynasty, a knowledgeable cultural master, and a national hero who resisted aggression, and in the past, how many heroes have paid for their lives, giving people the courage to stand tall and tall, may all heroes be immortal!