Endgame, noun. A situation in a game made up of residual forces. When various forms of victory or examples and equal forms can be distinguished according to the situation and sub-forces, it is called "practical endgame". In addition, there are "real combat endgames", "ancient spectrum endgames" and "jianghu endgames".
Platoon, noun. Generally refers to situations that are artificially conceived and arranged on the basis of endgames. In ancient chess scores, there are also titles such as "endgame", "chess game", "deformation", "chess posture" and so on. Before the 1940s, the endgame and the rehearsal were originally one, and later distinguished, there were many categories, generally including consecutive wins, wide and tight innings, private rehearsals (including "jianghu endgames"), seven sub-games and innings, glyphs, graphics, and game scheduling.
Chess endgame
The word "row" in chess was first proposed by the famous chess master Xu Bide in the 4th episode of "Chess Circles" published in 1950. Since then, it is easier for people to see the narrative in the preface to the first episode of "Chinese Chess Score" (published by the People's Sports Publishing House in 1957) edited by Yang Guanxuan and others. The 204 endgames in the ancient chess score "Tao Liao Yuanji" have changed the method of the two endgames of "Suitable Love and Elegance" and "Orange Secret", from "killing" to "draw", which makes the study of chess endgames more in-depth and comprehensive. Later, after the collection and research of "Heart Martial Fragments" and "Hundred Games chess scores", there were some developments, and these developments accumulated and formed high-level endgame arrangements. The characteristics of the fragment spectrum of "Bamboo Xiang Zhai" are mainly "platooning".
The game is a high-level endgame, which is based on the combination of "killing" and "practical endgame". It is not limited by the actual game, nor does it simply solve the problem of a certain killing game or a certain draw, but with a high degree of imagination, with a high degree of imagination, with the uncommon disk surface in the general game, "small in the big", to concentrate many contradictions and conflicts, can be won, can be combined, can be lost, to solve a level of re-emergence of victory, harmony, and defeat, after repeated struggle, from simple to complex, from shallow to deep, the so-called "there is a trend of mutual control, there is an opportunity to overcome each other, two get their way, it will become a draw, a slight lack of opportunity, and immediately lose the situation. The odds are between victory and defeat." The above 1957 view was continued until the 1982 issue of the Encyclopedia of China: Sports. On page 545 of the book, in the entry "Famous Chinese Chess Scores", it is stated that the "Zhuxiang Zhai Xiang Page 4 of the first episode of Chinese Chess Score: "In the historical Ming Dynasty's "Dream into the Divine Machine" and "Suitable For Love" there have been similar scheduling endgames, but basically 'killing games' (we also call it victory), which is different from the rankings provided by "Zhu Xiangzhai". ”
Chinese chess sheet cover
In the 1950s and 1980s, it was said that "Bamboo Xiang Zhai Elephant Drama Score" was mainly scheduled, and "Suitable And Elegant" was mainly "killing" (not called rehearsal) to show the difference in the level of the two. This is an early narrow definition of "scheduling".
Bamboo Xiang Zhai chess sheet cover
Because on the one hand, the actual combat endgame and the practical endgame are distinguished from the ranking game, on the other hand, the glyph chess game, the graphic chess game, the seven-backgammon game, the game chess game, etc. are included in the row game. Tu Jingming's "Illustration of Chess Terminology" on page 53 promotes the narrow definition of platooning in the 50s and 80s as follows: "Platooning generally refers to various situations that have been artificially conceived and arranged on the basis of endgames." According to the new definition, "Suitable for Love" is also a rehearsal. In order to distinguish it from the Bamboo Xiang Zhai Elephant Drama, we propose to rename the narrow definition of "scheduling" in the 50s and 80s to "advanced scheduling", similar to the numbers studied in college called "higher mathematics" to distinguish between mathematics learned in practice and high school. Due to the long explanation of the narrow sense of "row game" in the preface to the first episode of "Chinese Chess Score", the definition is not concise enough.
Chess friends, what other chess scores do you know?