Vaccination Science Knowledge Series Publicity (XV) Rotavirus Vaccine

Rotavirus vaccine

One

Vaccines target diseases

Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe dehydrated diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age worldwide. The clinical manifestations of rotavirus infection are acute gastroenteritis, with symptoms such as fever, vomiting, and watery diarrhea, and infants and young children are at high risk. Rotavirus is mainly transmitted by the fecal-oral route and can also be transmitted through contact. Preventive measures include: vaccination, breastfeeding, hand washing, attention to food and water hygiene, etc.

Two

Types of vaccines

At present, the rotavirus vaccines used in China include live oral rotavirus vaccine and oral pentavalent reassigned rotavirus attenuated live vaccine.

Three

Vaccine effect

(1) Oral live rotavirus vaccine

Prevention of diarrhea caused by rotavirus A in infants and young children.

(2) Oral live attenuated pentavalent reassignment rotavirus vaccine

Prevent rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and young children caused by serotypes G1, G2, G3, G4, and G9.

Four

Immunization program

(1) Applicable age

1. Oral live rotavirus vaccine: infants and young children aged 2 months to 3 years;

2. Oral live attenuated pentavalent reassignment rotavirus vaccine: infants aged 6 weeks to 32 weeks.

(2) The number and interval of inoculation

1. Oral live rotavirus vaccine: 1 dose orally every year;

2. Oral pentavalent reassignment rotavirus live attenuated vaccine: 3 doses of immunization, 6 weeks of age to 12 weeks of oral oral first dose, each dose is 4 weeks to 10 weeks apart, the third dose should not be later than 32 weeks of age.

Five

Other matters

(1) Contraindications to vaccination

1. Those who are known to be allergic to any of the components of the vaccine, or those who have suspected allergy symptoms after vaccination;

2. Those suffering from acute diseases, serious chronic diseases, acute onset of chronic diseases and fever;

3. Immunodeficiency, immunocompromise or receiving immunosuppressive therapy.

(2) Precautions

1. Oral live rotavirus vaccine: those injecting immunoglobulin should take the vaccine at least 3 months apart;

2. Oral live attenuated pentavalent reassigned rotavirus vaccine: it can be given at any time before, at the same time or after the injection of immunoglobulin.

Audit: Ye Xingui

Contributed by: Feng Jun

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