This is the main battlefield of the Black Mountain Blockade War, the site of Highland 101.
So what was the cause of this war?
We can clearly see the strategic significance of the Montenegro blockade battle from the Northeast Field Army issued a combat order, and the telegram is as follows: 100,000 enemies in Changchun surrendered in revolt, 100,000 enemies in Jinzhou were annihilated, Shenyang was isolated, and there was an attempt to break through to Jinzhou and join the enemy in the northwest of Jinzhou, in a vain attempt to retake Guannei. Let you immediately return to Montenegro, fight tiger mountain, choose positions to build fortifications, stubbornly hold, block the enemy, cover the arrival of the main force, and gather and annihilate the advancing enemy.
This operational order was issued to Liang Xingchu, commander of the 10th Column of the Northeast Field Army on October 20, 1948, when the 10th Column was in Beizhen, Zhong'an fort, Goubang sub-area mobile defense and staring at Liao Yaoxiang Corps, the 10th Column received the order and rushed to the Black Mountain to fight tiger mountain, select 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 101, Stone Mountain, Santaizi, Sitaizi and a dozen other highlands as positions, rush to repair fortifications, here are all stone mountains, can not dig trenches at all, just dig out shallow ditches.
The 10th Column, which had just been established for a year, had three divisions of less than 20,000 men and was a mixed bag of weapons. They had to face 110,000 people in 5 corps and 12 divisions of Liao Yaoxiang's corps, and all of them were well-equipped with American equipment, which was obviously an unfinished task with a huge disparity in strength.
On October 23, 1948, the battle began, and on the first day the enemy was blocked in the defensive area in front of the 101 heights, and on the same day, he received a telegram from Lin Biao, commander of the Northeast Field Army: I hope that you will strengthen your determination and mobilize deeply, so that the enemy will be scattered in the field in front of our position without any progress, as long as you hold out for three days, the enemy who flees west will be completely annihilated.
On the 24th, the enemy with the strength of five divisions, with the cooperation of aircraft and artillery, pounced on the entire line of our army's position, and after several highlands in the defensive area were lost one after another, the 101 heights bore the brunt of it and became the target of the enemy's contention.
On the 25th, the battle entered its third day, and everyone knew that it would be an even more difficult day, and the enemy would attack our army at all costs.
At six o'clock in the morning, the enemy's more than 200 heavy artillery and dozens of aircraft bombarded our position in the air and on the ground, and after an hour, the enemy was sure that there would be no more life on the black mountain, and invaded our position, and when approaching our position, the soldiers of our army miraculously jumped out and engaged in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy, and the enemy and I fought together, at this time the enemy army did not care about the enemy and us, and opened fire on the position, because it was a stone mountain, and the collapsed stones killed all the enemy and our soldiers, and the stone mountain and the 92 heights were lost.
At 3:00 p.m., all the fighters of a battalion on the 101st Heights were killed, the 101 was lost again, and by 6:50 p.m. our army had regained all the lost positions.
The fierceness of the Black Mountain Blockade Battle was written in Liang Xingchu's memoirs: There is no longer any cannon smoke on the position, and the sound of bombardment is that people can only perceive a persistent thunder, a thick black billowing cloud of smoke, and the earth and the sky are swept into a crazy whirlpool, and in a great storm, it seems that the mountain is collapsing, and the earth is about to sink.
On the morning of the 26th, the 10th Column welcomed the main force of the Northeast Field Army.
On the 28th, Liao Yaoxiang's corps was annihilated, and Liao Yaoxiang and 28 other senior generals were captured.
The Battle of Montenegro played a decisive role in the final victory of the Liaoshen Campaign
The 101 height was cut 2 meters in this war to become the 99 highland, and the altitude of 101 has been extinct.
The 101 Heights Monument is 10.1 meters high, and on the front is two rifles and a stone garland in the middle to form a "101 pattern", which is like an eye, staring at this black mountain that was once red with blood.
On the hillside there are sorted fortifications,
This is machine gun bunker, and there is also a single soldier bunker.
According to reports, there are more than 400 meters of trenches, nearly 200 meters of traffic ditches, 3 machine gun bunkers, and 19 single bunkers at the site.
The hill I am facing now is the hill where the enemy attacked that year, and it is reported that more than 6,000 craters were left at that time, and 70% of the soldiers of the 10 columns were sacrificed here, and behind me was the black mountain city.
Now that the hillside was covered with pine trees, I sat quietly on the hillside for a long time, and seemed to hear the roar and tearing of the cannon fire again.