There is a saying in history that "kings become kings and lose Kou", the history of the loser is written by the victors, the Xia Shang Three Dynasties, only the Zhou Dynasty has more records, most of the history of the Xia Shang is passed on by word of mouth among the population of the Spring and Autumn Warring States, and some history has become a wild history record, so there are too many confusing things in history.
Like the "Bamboo Book Chronicle" and some ancient bamboo Jane excavated from Mawangdui, the "Bamboo Book Chronicle" records the history of 89 emperors and 1847, but the above record is quite peculiar, just the Five Emperors, about Yao, Shun's Zen concession is different, Shun is the initiation of a mutiny to replace Yao.
As for the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties, which are relatively close to us, what is the deviation? First of all, we must distinguish the difference between the "History of Ming" and the "Ming Shilu", which is a chronicle of the official revision of the Ming Dynasty, from the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang to the Ming Emperor Zhu Youxiao for a total of fifteen generations of emperors.
There are thirteen volumes, 2,911 volumes, and more than 16 million words, but due to the war, only 66 volumes are left, and most of these 66 volumes are wearing manuscripts, and the wearing codex is also a Qing codex, because after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty moved the Ming Shilu into the palace in order to compile the History of Ming.
In order to be able to smoothly compile the Ming Shilu, the Ming Shilu was copied again, and after the completion of the Ming History, the incomplete Ming Shilu compiled by the ming historian was stored in the cabinet treasury.
However, in March of the 48th year of Qianlong, the four official books of the Ming Dynasty that were preserved by the Qing Dynasty were all burned, and most of the current "History of Ming" and "Ming Shilu" were completed by the Qing Dynasty.
Tampering exists, because during the Kangxi period, some manuscripts handed down, there are many taboos, for example, "Tang Xuanzong" to be written as "Tang Yuanzong", to say that the "Ming Shilu" remains the most complete or Japan, in 1944 Japan based on the Ming Dynasty preserved fragments of the "Ming Dynasty Manchu and Mongolian Historical Materials Ming Shilu Transcription".
The preface of this book details the specific situation of the Japanese collection of "Ming Shilu", but in addition to Japan, some of the genealogies circulated by the people are also witnesses to the history of the Ming Dynasty, and a "Zhang Clan Genealogy" was found in Tong'an County, Fujian Province, which is the family tree of the eunuch Zhang Min.
Genealogy records that Zhang Min became a grand eunuch in 1475, and in some of the mutilated Ming Shilu records that he died in 1485, while the Ming Shi records that in 1488, Zhang Min had a dialogue with Ming Xianzong, which is obviously unlikely.
According to some taboos in the Kangxi and Qianlong Qing manuscripts, it is inevitable that there will be various flaws.