Henan Daily client reporter Zhang Tianyi
On December 14, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage held an important progress meeting on the major project of "Archaeology China" in Beijing, and reported three important archaeological achievements, including the Jiangcun Tomb in Xi'an, Shaanxi, the Zhengpingfang Site in Luoyang, Henan, and the Tuguhun Tomb Group in Wuwei, Gansu. Archaeology of the Sui and Tang Dynasties Luoyang City Zhengpingfang Ruins has found the remains of the Tang Taiping Princess Residence, the Confucius Temple, and the Guozijian.
Princess Tang Taiping's mansion revealed her face
Zhengpingfang is one of the most important Lifang in the Luonanlifang district of Luoyang City in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, located near the Dingding Gate of Luoyang City, covering an area of about 268,000 square meters. There are Confucius Temple, Guozijian, Anguo Female Taoist Temple (Ben Taiping Princess Residence), in addition to the Bingbu Shangshu Li Yixiu Residence, Zuo San Riding Chang Shi, Xiangyang County Wang Lu Ying Residence, Henan Yin Pei Yi Residence and so on.
Sui Tang Luoyang City is the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, in order to provide the necessary basis for the protection of Luonanli Fang District, to promote the protection and display and utilization of the ruins of Sui tang Luoyang City Fang District. Since May 2020, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Luoyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other units have jointly carried out continuous archaeological exploration and excavation of Zhengpingfang, and as of now, a total of 11 excavation areas have been excavated at the Zhengpingfang site, and major archaeological discoveries have been made.
According to the results of excavations in the past two years, the four to four squares of ZhengpingFang are basically clear, with an east-west width of 464.6 meters, a north-south length of 533.6 meters, and a wall width of about 1.3-1.4 meters. The general location of the north and south gates is clear. The location, width and preservation of the three avenues outside the square, namely the cross street road and the south (Yongtongmen Street), the east and the north street outside the square, are clear. Among them, the east-west street in the square is about 10 meters wide, and the north-south street is about 8.7 meters wide. The width of Yongtongmen Avenue and the east side of Zhengpingfang is about 71.7 meters, and the width of the north side street is 33.4 meters.
Combined with the literature records, and according to the actual archaeological excavation results, archaeologists initially speculated that the large courtyard found in the western half of Zhengpingfang may be the old residence of the Taiping Princess, that is, the location of the later Anguo Female Taoist Temple, the north wall of the courtyard exceeds the square wall by 2.1 meters, the east wall is located on the west side of the north-south road and the original east-west road is superimposed, the south wall and the west wall use the original square wall, but the width of the north wall and the east wall is significantly wider than the square wall. Some experts have analyzed that the Taiping Princess's residence occupies the Lifang Road, showing the strong position of the Taiping Princess at that time.
The complex of buildings found in the southeast corner is likely to be a group of official buildings, part of the Guozijian and Confucius Temples. Among them, the southern area is the gate site, and the northern area is the main building, especially the large rammed earth building that has not yet been excavated, which is large in volume and rigorous in layout, and is an important temple-style building.
There are many stories in ZhengpingFang
Princess Taiping, as Wu Zetian's favorite daughter, was very strong during her lifetime. Princess Taiping was killed by his nephew Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, and the mansion was confiscated and replaced by an Anguo Female Taoist Temple. Several stories have happened to this view later.
An Qingxu imprisoned Zhen Ji in An Guoguan. Zhen Ji (?) –766), a native of Wuji County, Dingzhou, Tang Dynasty, was quiet and studious, and everyone praised him as a scribe. In the tenth year of Tianbao (751), when Zuo Shi was not recruited, An Lushan entered the court and asked Emperor Xuanzong to appoint him as the secretary of Fanyang, and personally went to Weizhou to send Taishou into the mountains to worship Zhen Ji. Zhen Ji had no choice but to go to his career, discuss integrity in the court, and act impartially. After discovering that An was plotting against Tang, he informed Wei Lingqi ji, and at the same time secretly prepared sheep blood, and resigned that he was seriously ill and intended to return to Li, An Qingxu found out and forced him to come to Luoyang, where he was imprisoned in the An Guo Temple.
Ruts found in archaeology
In Li Shangyin's "Huang Zhen Zhai Wen for Lady Wang of the Duke of Mayi County", it is recounted that the Wang clan had practiced in this Taoist temple, and Li Shangyin himself had also done ritual activities in this An Guo Temple.
In the spring of the second year of Emperor Gaozong's reign (662), Dongdu initially set up a state sub-prison, and added students and other members, and was divided among the two professors.
During the Kaiyuan period, the secretary supervisor Wu Daoshi wrote a stele to stand in front of the Confucius Temple.
Other celebrities who lived in Zhengpingfang included Zuo Shanqi Changshi of Tianhuang Guiguan, Wang Luying of Xiangyang Commandery (Han Yu had written an epitaph for Wang Luying), Changzhou Assassin Shi Pingzhen (for whom Zhang Shu wrote an epitaph), and Bingbu Shangshu Li Yixiu.
Archaeological discoveries of Wadang
Li Yixiu, the Shangshu of the Bingbu Department, served as prime minister, and the history books record that his grandfather and father were both from the Assassin History, and he was outstanding when he was 20 years old, and Wu Zetian favored him, and he was tired of being a Fengge Sheren. He was very filial to his mother. One year, Li Yixiu gave birth to several reishi mushrooms in his house, and his dog breastfed cats. When Emperor Zhongzong heard about it, he believed that Li Yixiu's filial piety had touched heaven and earth, so he planted a flag at the door of his house to commend him.
The Sui and Tang dynasties were densely packed in Luoyang
The Sui and Tang Dynasties Luoyang City was built in the first year of the Sui Dynasty (605), and continued to be used in the Tang Dynasty. It is composed of Miyagi Castle, Imperial Castle, GuoCheng Castle, Hankakura Castle and Saien.
Guocheng is bounded by the LuoHe River and is divided into two parts, south of the Luohe River is called Luonanlifang District, and north of the Luohe River is called Luobeilifang District, which is the first place of the Hundred Officials and the people to live. The streets of the city are long and narrow, and the lanes are adjacent. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, in order to facilitate management, the government planned a residential area every 500 square meters in the capital, called Lifang. There are three hundred steps in the east, west, south and north of the square, there is a cross street, the four square walls are opened in the middle, the square cross street, the square is separated by streets, each square is built with a wall, leaving a square gate, open day and night. Literature records that there were 103 squares in the Tang Dynasty, of which 29 squares in Luobei and 74 squares in Luonan.
Polished barrel tiles
In the Sui and Tang dynasties, there were huge markets in the Chengfang district of Luoyang: North City, West Market and South City. Nanshi is the largest of the three cities, with 3,000 or 4,000 merchants at its peak.
Luonanli Fang, the famous private garden garden has Bai Juyi's Ludaofang Villa, cow monk Ru's Guiren Garden, Pei Du's Jixian Garden, Li Deyu's Pingquan Villa, etc., more than 100 private gardens build mountains and stones, move the scenery naturally, flourishing flowers and forests, and win by water, which was the peak of ancient Chinese garden culture at that time. (Photo courtesy of Luoyang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology)
Source: Henan Daily client