It is difficult to have a more accepted statement about this matter, indicating that the dynasty died in Wanli. The earliest source is the epilogue of the Divine Sect in the History of Ming: The death of the Ming Dynasty was actually the death of the Divine Sect, which Qianlong also admitted. They are all emperors. From the same perspective, his perspective is unmatched by any one person. The reality is that Daming did die in Chongzhen, and Wanli and Chongzhen were separated by two emperors. What is even more unique is the 48th year of the Wanli Calendar, he is the laziest and most lazy emperor, while Chongzhen is the most diligent emperor of Daming. Such extremes, such disparities, is really the strangest place in history.
Let's start with Wanli. Why is it said that Daming died in Wanli, it should be said that the situation in the dynasty after Wanli pro-government was quite good, because of the foundation laid by Zhang Juzheng. The Wanli Dynasty is really a renewal of Vientiane. The biggest event of the Wanli Dynasty, the Wanli Three Great Marches, the outcome of the three major marches is the total victory of the three battles, from here it can be seen that the comprehensive strength of the Wanli Dynasty is still quite good, it can also be said that xin loss has Zhang Juzheng's foundation, if there is no such thing. Wanli may not dare to do so. Because we all know that the Ming Dynasty has always been relatively poor. But it should be pointed out that wanli dynasty is not short of money, and the reason why wanli dynasty is not short of money is that a mining tax has been levied. It completely offended the gentry and gentry. Because these people have the right to speak. This directly led to the bad reputation of Wanli, that is, Wanli "competed with the people for profits". Keep it for yourself. Wanli also left a reputation for amassing wealth. (But most of the expenses of the three levies are internal treasury expenses.)
The emergence of capitalism in the Ming Dynasty was the Wanli period. Wanli has been ignoring the government for more than thirty years. But the Wanli period was an era of talent explosion. There are both natural and human sciences. One of the most famous great scientists is Xu Guangqi. There are also Li Shizhen, Xu Xiake, and Li Zhizao. Song Yingxing, Zhu Zaiyu. Li Zhen. Wang Ling, new ideas, new concepts, and new cultures are constantly emerging. There is also a world-class dramatist Like Shakespeare, Tang Xianzu, "Jin Ping Mei" is also a manifestation of cultural prosperity. Huang Zongxi, Gu Yanwu, and Wang Fuzhi in the Wanli era first put forward China's democratic ideas, almost at the same time as European thinkers. Huang Zongxi can put forward that the king is bold enough to do great harm to the world. It can also be seen that the Wanli period was an era of political enlightenment and freedom of speech. Thinkers are the benchmark of civilization of an era. As for the emergence of famous thinkers only in the case of political enlightenment and freedom of speech.
Saying that Wanli ignored the government was the primary condition for Daming to die in Wanli, and of course, it also gave Wanli a lot of moral hats. Take drug use, for example. Attacking an emperor with morality is the same as saying that a woman is a disgrace to the country. These are the most incompetent and interesting statements. Huang Renyu's "Fifteen Years of the Wanli Calendar" has been proposed. At that time, imperial power, inner court eunuch power, and civil service were already formed. The three powers together reconcile the state of power and are fully structured into a stable triangle. The importance of the emperor has been greatly reduced, and Wanli does not take care of the government. The functioning of the government is still available. The complexity of the History of the Ming Dynasty is unclear. It is too complicated and the historical data is unclear. Moreover, the Qing Dynasty spared no effort to smear and delete the history of the late Ming Dynasty. This also creates great difficulties for the history of authenticity. (Qing Gaozong's inscription Changling Shengong Shengde Monument: "The death of Ming is not due to exile, but to the absurdity of Shenzong") Qianlong's coffin theory is complete nonsense and is simply not enough to believe.
If we say, Wanli is the most lazy and lazy. Then the most diligent person is Chongzhen. It is diligent administration, it is hard work. But nothing was done, there was no long-term strategic principle at all. During his 17-year reign, he changed fifty prime ministers. In such a short period of time, no one can do it, saying that Chongzhen is just self-conscious. Bo En is widowed, these are all right, but the most crucial thing is that Chongzhen is "impatient" to the end, Chongzhen wants to move the capital can not move, and even has no minister who is willing to talk to him. Now the chancellor knew Chongzhen's disposition. No one has given Chongzhen a back, and the emperor who reigned for 17 years has done this. The difference in governing ability. The difference in popularity. It's sad enough. But all this was chongzhen's own doing.
The primary reason for Chongzhen's diligence is that he took over a lazy stall and was suspicious. Fear of others lying to him can also be said to be that he has no confidence. It's like a schoolboy trying hard and he can't write a college student's thesis. As an emperor, you must first be open-minded and tolerant, and then you must have the wisdom of people, and my emperor can not know. I can't do it, but I know who can do it well, or I can call it a good person. Moreover, the strategic purpose should be clear, implemented throughout, and must have insight, know who can do what, and let the subordinates do things. Except for major issues of principle, the minister did the wrong thing and took the fault on himself. The credit is all for the minister. This was the emperor's temperament, but Chongzhen, who had a small amount of qi, could not possess it at all. In addition to the Hongwu dynasty, the Ming Dynasty killed a total of two prime ministers, Jiajing and Chongzhen. However, Chongzhen killed more than twenty officials of more than two pins, the university scholar killed two people, the local inspector asked him to kill more than a dozen, and when something happened in the local area, he killed everything without asking whether it was right or wrong, which showed that Chongzhen was impatient in handling things. It also shows Chongzhen's incompetence, yes, Chongzhen is incompetent. But incompetence is also clever. It's death.
On his deathbed, Chongzhen said that he was not the king of the fallen country, and all the subjects were the subjects of the fallen country, but in fact he was a typical king of the fallen country. For these ministers were chosen by himself, at the time of his death. Just a eunuch by his side. It's a lonely person. There was no minister to accompany the funeral, and the emperor deserved to do so. It's also so sad. Daming's death, of course, was the same for other dynasties. The decline and fall of the state is not directly related to whether the emperor is diligent or not. The highest ruling realm of the emperor is to evaluate Liu Bang's words: "Nothing is indispensable", that is, to employ people, delegate power to employ people, and let this person give full play to his talents. Do it yourself, do it yourself. This is a sign of no confidence. Chongzhen dynasty 14 soldiers Shangshu did not have a good end, and changed 50 prime ministers, ancient and modern rare, not to destroy the country is simply no reason, this is the atmosphere of the country. At that time, the political rules of the Ming Dynasty had matured, and the problem of the emperor's slacking off was not big. For example, during the Wanli period, the civil official system should be able to operate according to his system, but he was afraid that the emperor would be blind like Chongzhen. Chongzhen is sexually anxious. I want to cut through the mess quickly, and I don't know how fast I want to do everything.
If there is a clear conclusion as to who Daming died to, it is that Daming died in Chongzhen, specifically. Chongzhen accounts for 30% of the responsibility. The gentry led by the Donglin Party accounted for 70%. The reason why later historians sympathized with Chongzhen was that as the last Han dynasty, and died in a foreign race. As for the Ming Dynasty, more sympathy for the Han people, Chongzhen was just a representative. Then there is the fact that Chongzhen is not a wine-obsessed monarch like Emperor Huizong of Song and Lord Hou of Chen, and the king dies in Sheji. This gives rise to pity and pity, but that's about it. Is he sorry. Is he pathetic? No, it's not a pity or a pity at all. Daming died at the hands of Chongzhen.
I am clear water, the watchman of history. Looking forward to your attention and comments