There are more than 100 homes in the city, and some farmhouses are built outside the city, most of which are courtyards. Most of the city is a military facility of the past, and there are more than 20 temples, most of which were built in the Ming Dynasty. The folk customs are quaint. Here you can go to Pearl Lake in the east and Yellow Grass Liang in the west.
Information on places to visit
Address: Beijing Mentougou District Northwest Mountain
Information about attractions
Along the river city and the enemy platform is on the northwest hill of Mentougou District. For the Ming Dynasty border fortress, Tun Bing fortress. Because the city is close to the Yongding River, it is named Along the River City.
The city is about 420 meters long from east to west, about 300 meters long from north to south, and has two gates from east to west, the east gate is named Wan'an (which has been demolished), and the west gate is named Yongsheng, all of which are brick and stone structures. The walls were built of striped and cobbled stone masonry (most of which are now collapsed). There is a stone stele in the city called "Records of Repairing the City Along the Estuary", which records the beginning and end of the construction of the city in the imperial history of the sixth year of the Ming Wanli Calendar (1578).
The city has jurisdiction over 15 enemy platforms distributed along the estuary, longmen, yellow grass beams, and flood mouths for 40 kilometers, of which 3 have been destroyed. It was built in the first year of the Ming Dynasty (1573) to the third year. It is divided into two floors, with a height of about 15 meters and a width of more than 10 meters. The ground floor is paved with stone strips and the walls are bricked; there are battlements around the upper floor, and there are ladders between the upper and lower floors. The stone foreheads on the enemy platform are all engraved with numbers (from No. 1 to No. 15 along the character), and although there is no wall connection between the enemy platforms, they can rely on the terrain to live in danger and echo each other, forming a continuous defense line.
What is even more peculiar is that there is also an unnumbered enemy platform on the east side of the flood mouth, liyuan ridge, which has the same shape and appearance as the numbered enemy platform. Attracting a large number of tourists to visit here, tourists can learn about the endless creativity of the working people in ancient China, as well as the ability and determination to resist foreign aggression.
Yanhe City is subordinate to Zijing Pass, which is always under the jurisdiction of Jizhou Town, one of the nine towns, and is an important pass to guard the capital and has a strategic position. Its land was originally a thousand households, and later developed into a garrison seat and a commander-in-chief.
According to an examination in 1982, the city along the river was first built in the early days of the Ming Dynasty and has been destroyed today, but the base site of the castle and the city wall, battlements, and enemy platforms have been preserved. Along the river, chengguan has a circumference of about 100 meters, one of which is in a straight line, and the other three sides are built due to the mountainous terrain, which is not very regular. The site of the city was selected to be built on the Yongding River, reflecting that the builders took great pains and had a strong defensive ability by virtue of their natural terrain. There are large and small school yards, yamen official offices and saints' houses and other institutional facilities in Seki castle. Correspondingly, two enemy platforms were built on the north bank of the Yongding River, which were the outpost positions of Guancheng and formed a horn with them. At present, due to the construction of roads, the enemy platform no longer exists, and only part of the base site remains.
The walls on both sides of seki castle were built along the mountain, and there were 16 enemy platforms, which are now numbered in order. In some areas, the mountain is steep, that is, the cliff wall is used as the wall, and where the slope is gentle, the outside of the wall is shoveled to make it steep, thereby strengthening the defense. In 1582, archaeologists conducted expeditions and excavations, and also found many stone inscriptions and other cultural relics.
Related history
According to the "Mentougou Gazetteer", the area along the river city has been inhabited since the Neolithic Age, and Jin has become a village. The names of villages along the river have evolved. Since jindaicheng village, according to the local geographical shape - because it is located at the entrance of several ravines and rivers flowing into the Yongding River, its village was once named: Sancha (Fen) Village. After the imperial court sent troops to the village in the early years of the Ming Dynasty, it was renamed "along the river". After the completion of the castle wall in the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (1578), it was renamed "Along the River City", and the name of "Along the River Mouth" was immediately thrown to the current River Mouth.
In the fourth year of Yongle (1406), he set up a garrison of the Imperial Thousand Households along the mouth of the river. In the second year of Ming Jingtai (1451), garrison officials were stationed along the mouth of the river. In the thirty-third year (1554) of Ming Jiajing, he officially built a garrison office along the river mouth, which had jurisdiction over 17 dangerous passes and 80 miles of defensive lines. In the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (1578), the imperial envoy Zhang Hao, the deputy capital of Henan Yifeng, discussed the construction of the castle, "a few months to complete the matter", an east, west, south and north gates (east gate Yue Wan'an, West Gate Yue Yongsheng, north and south gate for the water gate), east and west 1 mile long, the city circumference of 1182.3 meters of mountain castle stands between green water and green mountains, tigers in Longpan is the leader of the ancient fort fortress, the inscription has clouds: "Zhou Guancheng, there are no strong people along the river mouth," and after the construction of the city, the nearby mountain people have moved to the city to live, and gradually become a thriving mountain town in the five industries After that, "there is no longer the police of Akabane", and the soldiers and people "live in peace and no longer worry about thieves, that is, once there is a hurry, rush into the castle to defend by the fortified city, according to the river as a heavenly graben, and the strong men take the bow to the enemy, everyone is firm and unscrupulous, the west is strangled, the east assists the monarchies, and the Yantai is easy to sit back and relax", which shows the great role of the construction of the iron fort fort. So the village took the name of the city.
Natural
【Environment】
The terrain is more dangerous than the ancient times, Shen Bang's "Wanju Miscellaneous Records" Cloud: "Fu Taixing from the west pillar of heaven rushing north, the clouds from the stars, tens of millions of sects, and to the Wanping three forks, folded into two, this can be the so-called big gathering of public opinion." A mouth from the east, for the fragrant mountain, the end of the plain, a look of hundreds of miles, lay my imperial capital. A mouth from the mouth to the north, a hundred folds to the east, against the trend of the south, to do the imperial tomb. And the hun river jade spring and other waters run through it, and for it to divide and send it, so that Yue desecrates the mountains and rivers, and has to arch the belt, compared to the common chen. According to legend, Jizhou feng shui is excellent, and Wanping gai has won its victory alone. The "three forks" of Wanping here refers to the "three forks village" - later along the river mouth, now along the river city.
Yushi Suyou, the capital of the Ming Dynasty, said in his "Treatise on the Important Land of Tun Soldiers": "The north of Bauhinia Pass from the mouth of the river to the end of the fallen horse pass, the most important, although the Gaierguan Mountain is dangerous and the river is interrupted, the outside is big, and the horns are in the people, so there will be soldiers." "
In the Ming Dynasty, Gao Wenxian, an envoy of yizhou bingbi road, pointed out in his "Discussion on the Pass of the Town": "Along the river mouth, there is more than a hundred miles of Huailai City, and there is the Hun River, which is enough to be called the Heavenly Graben. Thirty miles to the west is Chongkou Tianjin Pass, only 150 miles to Xuanfu, and 50 miles to Wanping. A little bit of a horse under the gate, the city built a barren mountain, quite expensive to climb, under the above system, his mouth, the special passage of the disciple, are from the inaccessible, is not the reason for the danger? "
The stele of the "Records of Repairing the City Along the Estuary", which was erected in the nineteenth year of the Wanli Calendar (1591), says: "The country takes Xuanyun as the gateway and the thistle as the screen, and along the river mouth as the intersection of the two towns, looking east to the capital, west to plug the plug and pass through the desert, the hunhe soup, the left side of the placket, and the key points of the abdomen." "
The monument "Rebuilding the Zhenwu Temple" erected in the twenty-fifth year of the Qianlong Dynasty (1762) along the river city also says: "Along the river, the mountain is the city, and the river is the pool, which is the throat of the Beijing division." "
The former people saw that the hole through the eight poles is extraordinary, the fact is also the same, along the river city is located in the mentougou district northwest of the Yongding River on the south bank of the lofty mountains and mountains, the original name of "Three Forks Village" can be described as worthy of the name, the place strangled several mountain passes a water inlet, down the valley west to the north, can pass the desert outside the Sai. The Qing "Shuntianfu Chronicle" compiled the material cloud of the "Yongle Canon": "Three fen along the river mouth, two hundred and sixty miles northwest of the city, the east and west mountains are 18 meters high, there are Hun River through the raft, and now the capital Division dials the army to cross the guard", and the terrain is rare in the world. From the southwest of Sancha Village, you can reach the Saido River, and from the east, you can go directly to the Beijing Division, which is an important hub of the main transportation route. Moreover, at the time of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the military institutions along the river mouth belonged to the Zijingguan (later mashuikou) of Zhenbao Town, which was the northeast end of Zhenbao Town, adjacent to Changzhen, and when the town was at the intersection of several towns, it was not far from the two major towns of Datong Xuanhua, the gateway of the country, and there was not much road to the East to Dumenping Fan Jizhou, and the Hengling of Changzhen, the edge of the town (now under the jurisdiction of Huailai, Hebei), Changyu, and Baiyang, which were close at hand, and only three hundred miles away from the Bauhinia Pass of Zhenbao Town in the southwest, in view of the strategic position of the Sanfen along the river mouth, which was so important. The military generals of the ancient Dynasties and dynasties have attached great importance to the construction of defense and military facilities in the area, and dare not take it lightly and neglect it slightly.
【Landscape】
Huangcaoliang Scenic Area
Huangcaoliang, located 14 kilometers north of Zhaitang Town, Mentougou District, Beijing, is one of the highest peaks in the southwest region of Beijing. Since ancient times, it has been an important passage from Beijing to saibei, and it is said that Xuan You fought with the Yellow Emperor at Zhuolu and once passed through here; Wang Qi extinguished Yan passed through here; Yuan extinguished Jin, Ming and Mongolia all fought fiercely here, leaving many historical relics.
The main peak of Huangcaoliang is 1773 meters above sea level, and it is far away from Lingshan Mountain, Baihua Mountain and Miaofeng Mountain, and is one of the peaks in the southwest mountainous area of Beijing. The yangmian meadow on the top of the mountain, the dense forest on the shady side, and a lawn in the southeast stretch for several miles, called Ten Mile Ping.
In the northern area of Huangcaoliang, the enemy platform is densely packed, the city walls are connected, and the seven city towers are connected in a line on the mountain, so it is called "seven buildings". At the strongholds of the enemy's platform, there is a trend of "one husband and one husband should be closed, and all people will not be able to open up." Due to the meticulous construction of the enemy platform on the yellow grass beam and the fine materials used, although it has been eroded by wind and rain for more than 400 years, it is still intact and majestic. The horse pen, the Ming Dynasty Great Wall, and the Moya stone carvings next to the ancient road are well preserved. Standing majestically above the peaks, it has become a beautiful place to evaluate the past and the present.
This is the Inner Great Wall, which passes through Juyong Pass in the north and Zijing Pass in the south, which is an important defensive line in western Beijing and is under the jurisdiction of Yanhecheng, so the enemy platforms here are marked with "Along the Character * Platform". Several battles in history have taken place here, the Jin dynasty destroyed the Liao, the Yuan destroyed the Jin, all of them attacked Yongguan under false pretenses, so the Ming Dynasty learned from the history of the previous generation, heavily guarded, increased the enemy platform, the city wall, guarded the ancient road, and defended the west of Beijing, not for no reason.
The flowers of the yellow grass beam are continuous for three seasons, including mountain peach blossoms, mountain apricot blossoms, and February orchids in spring, large lilacs and rhododendrons in May, wild roses and mountain dan flowers in June, yellow flowers in July, hydrangeas in August, Jiangxi wax and red beans in September, and wild chrysanthemums in October. Climbing the mountain overlooks, the peaks are green, undulating, until the sky; the mountains and seas are sunrise, and the weather is endless. Huangcaoliang is also a veritable wildlife kingdom, in which birds fly in meadows, beasts roam the jungle, it raises animals, and animals enrich it.
Huangcaoliang has beautiful scenery, pleasant climate, strangled ancient road, according to the Great Wall, linshen valley, according to the peak, spring flowers and summer trees, autumn leaves and winter snow, Huangcaoliang with its natural scenery and historical monuments in one of the unique charm of the unique walk in the west of Beijing, has become the suburbs of Beijing outdoor tourism, sightseeing, archaeology classics to go to the geographical place.
The vicissitudes of the Great Wall Ancient Road, suddenly dreaming of the yellow beams; autumn to climb the peak overlook, when the earth is known to be desolate.
Heritage sites
【Temple】
Kashiwasan Temple (ruins) Kashiwasan Temple is a Buddhist building located under The Wanbai Mountain between the river city and the mouth of the river. In the eighth year of Ming Chenghua (1472), the temple was rebuilt, and the "Monument to the Reconstruction of Baishan Temple" reads: "KaoQiben Temple, the Tang Dynasty was founded." Ming Shen's "Miscellaneous Records of The Wanjue" contains: "Baishan Temple was built in sancha yue and in the Tang Dynasty"; "In the year of Yongle, the elderly people and Yang Jian, the monk Zhijue of the Year of Chenghua were rebuilt, and the records of Wang Qi in the Rebbe Langzhong were rebuilt", which can be seen that it was overhauled twice. "At the beginning of Tianshun (1457), Zhijue and his disciple Huining began to build", which lasted 15 years, which shows the difficulty of the project and the scale of the project.
Baishan Temple sits on the north and faces south by the mountains and waters, and is located in the wanbai bush, elegant and fresh. The main hall sits north and faces south, with six or seven rooms in size, which is very spacious. The Buddha statue is solemnly dressed in gold, the surrounding walls are full of murals, the stone stele in front of the hall is passed several times, a huge iron bell is hung, and there are three large rooms in the east and west rooms, and the south is the mountain gate, which is extremely strict. "Inside and outside, golden and brilliant" is beautiful and extraordinary.
The hundred steps west of the mountain gate is the Niangniang Temple, which enshrines the statues of three goddesses such as Bixia Yuanjun, and the walls are full of murals. The pines in the courtyard are obliquely out, as if to greet everyone who burns incense and prays for children.
Kashiwasan-ji Temple was burned down by Japanese devils and left behind at the mountain gate.
There is a cave on the mountainside of Wanbai Behind the temple, which is called "Bodhisattva Cave" by the locals, and Fan Yang and Zhang Jue, the governor of the Ming Dynasty Baoding, wrote "Immortal Cave" in September of the eleventh year of the Wanli Calendar (1583), and the white jade of the Han Dynasty is now well preserved.
To the west of the temple, there was once a brick pagoda of the Master of Enlightenment, Xuan Gong Pagoda, but unfortunately it was also destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, and its inscription stone was fortunately preserved.
According to the "Xiguan Zhi", Zeng Pei left a poem when he crossed the river mouth in that year, and the poem is as follows:
Pass through Saido Village for late lodging along the Kawaguchi Temple
(Ming) Zeng Pei
Outside the mountain line, only Ichihei Village can be seen.
The stones are divided into furrows and the doors are woven.
The bean planters are at noon, and the trees are in the clouds.
Hugh yu monks ascend to mao and sit quietly at dusk on the moon.
Zhenwu Temple is located on the horse surface of the northern wall of The River City, and was created in the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (1578). The "Monument to the Rebuilding of the Zhenwu Temple" records that "this temple existed when the city was built above this city." It was rebuilt in 1758. Zhenwu Temple has three large halls, the center is dedicated to the Zhenwu Emperor and other three clay statues, there are still peach blossom women, gods turtle spirit snakes and other clay sculptures, the wall ring with wonderful murals, the end of the Qing Dynasty until the eve of the Anti-Japanese War, the temple for the village public property, storage of Qing soldiers war drum flag and other things. In 1931, someone destroyed it, and the temple was gone.
The Temple of the Saints is the Temple of Literature, which has been built in the Ming Dynasty, in the northeast of the village on the east of the yamen, in front of the temple there is a monument to the horse of "civil and military officials waiting to get off the horse here", and there are three halls in the courtyard facing north and south, which contains the tablets of the saints. There are still two west rooms in the courtyard, and the ancient trees are towering and lush. The monument "Repairing the City Along the Estuary" stood here for nearly four hundred years, and was torn down during the Cultural Revolution. The "Temple of Literature" was used as the seat of the village for a long time, and after the 1950s, it became the breeding room of the production team, and the west wing became a livestock shed. Among the hundreds of villages in many townships in the western Mountains of Beijing, the one that really has a Confucius Temple is along the river city, and the city along the river is the military command center of western Beijing since the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, with more than 3,000 soldiers stationed in Tun, and the confucius temple is unique in the river city where soldiers gather to gather, which is known for its military, and its significance is absolutely extraordinary. He marked the mentality and pursuit of the soldiers at that time who longed for the dual cultivation of Yunwen and Yunwu.
Lao Jun Tang Lao Jun Tang is opposite to the stage. The Ming Dynasty has been built, Taoist buildings, dedicated to the Taiqing Taishang Laojun Li Er. Sitting north facing south, inside and outside the two courtyards, the inner courtyard of the main hall of the three rooms, there are Lao Jun statues and murals, a huge bell, after the age of day, the temple collapsed, by the last abbot of Baishan Temple Shoucai monk funded the restoration, so the old Juntang also has a door called "Ruiyun Temple". After restoration, there is no statue, only the statue of Lao Jun is painted on the wall. From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the temple has always stored the weapons of the Qing soldiers, such as large poles and earthen cannons.
The east and west compartments at the end of the Qing Dynasty were the location of the village school, taught by Shi Zhengcong and Huang Guozhu, and then established a new school, until the school was withdrawn to the Zhaitang has always been the location of the school, a few years ago, the two courtyards inside and outside the Laojuntang were razed into the school playground, and the conference room of the school principal's room was the old site of the main hall of the Old Juntang.
Guan Wang Ancestral Hall, also known as LaoYe Temple, is the current post office site outside the West Gate. In the fourth year of the Apocalypse (I624), Zhang Jingwei was commanded to guard the monument cloud: "Repair the City God Temple and build the Guanwang Ancestral Hall to worship the gods." "The Guanwang Ancestral Hall sits facing west and east, the main hall is three rooms, the hall is dedicated to the statue of Guan Wang, and after the Statue of Zhou Cang stands on the GuanWang, two clay sculptures painted red horses in front of the temple, each with a horse child holding the reins. There are three north houses in the courtyard. In the Qing Dynasty, a general was stationed, and the people called it "Lower Yamen". During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the temple collapsed for the Japanese Kou to burn, a piece of rubble, and the remains of a group of fallen soldiers of the Eighth Route Army were buried here.
City God Temple In 1623, Zhang Jingwei built, in the south of the east gate of the city, the east of the Three Officials Temple, three rooms, there are clay sculptures of the city god old man, in front of the door there are two horse boys for the city god old man Lama statue, in 1931 was demolished by bad people, has now been built into a house.
The Temple of the Three Officials is difficult to verify when it was built, its site is also in the south of the east gate of the village, side by side with the City God Temple, only one wall apart, the temple room sits in the south and north of the five rooms, which enshrines the three gods of Tianguan, Diguan and Shuiguan, the Tianguan is covered with qirong, the temple is surrounded by murals, there is a huge bell, hanging under the eaves, which was destroyed in 1931.
Wenchang Temple, that is, Wenchang Emperor Temple, referred to as Wenchang Temple, is located in the southeast corner of the city under the Zituo, a room, with a black hat and long haired civilian official statue, should be Wenchang Emperor Jun, the townspeople legend is dedicated to the Tang Dynasty great poet Li Bai, now has long collapsed.
Emperor Wenchang was the god of culture and religion in which Wenchang Xing and Emperor Zitong merged into one. Wenchang was originally the official name of the ancient star, which is the general name of the six stars above the Dou Kui (Kui Star). Since the Zhou, Han, and Jin dynasties, Wenchang has been assigned to the suburbs. The Zi Tong Emperor was originally the god of thunder, and the Song and Yuan Daoists claimed that the Jade Emperor had appointed the Zi Tong Emperor to take charge of Wenchang Province and the Human Lu Dynasty. Both Wenchangxing and Zitong Emperor Jun were revered by Taoism as gods who dominated the throne, and Emperor Yuanrenzong Yanyou in the third year (1316) merged the two into "Fuyuan Kaihua Wenchang Silu Hongren Emperor Jun", so he was called Wenchang Emperor Jun.
Kuixing Pavilion The construction time is not known, adjacent to the Wenchang Temple, located in the southeast of the city, alluding to the meaning of "purple qi coming from the east". According to ancient books, Kuixing is one of the 28 houses of the heavenly ecliptic, and originally there was a "Kui main article" in the Han Dynasty's "Filial Piety and Aid to The Divine Contract"; the Eastern Han Song Dynasty notes: "Kuixing is bent and hooked, like a stroke of words." Thus, later generations evolved the "Kui Xing" into the head of the heavenly civil officials, and the ancients believed in its domination of literary fortunes and the god of the rise and fall of articles. Successive feudal emperors compared Confucius to the "KuiXing".
The building is chic, a square pavilion with no walls and windows, and a clay statue of Kui Xinglao'er inside - a ghost-shaped god, one foot is stilted backwards, shaped like a large curved hook of the word "Kui"; one hand holds a bucket, symbolizing the small bucket in the word "Kui"; the other hand holds a pen like a dot to show that the point is in the middle of the lift. This is the legendary "Kui Star Dot Bucket". In the era of the Imperial Examination, it was said that the "Kui Xing Dian Dou" was a sign of the prosperity of the literary movement, so he took the meaning of the "Kui" glyph and created such a ghost-like statue in the cabinet. The Qing Dynasty scholars paid homage to this "KuiXing", and whenever the Autumn Festival began to take the exam, the worshippers flocked to it endlessly. It has long since collapsed.
Zhenhai Hou One, directly opposite the north gate, located in front of the current grain depot, there is a one-foot-high clay statue dedicated to the Song Dynasty general Shi Chen (Bo Cheng), who was named King Zhen Haihou of Jingjiang. There are murals in the inner ring of the house, and according to legend, the north gate is the water gate, and zhenhai hou is the god of the town water, which has long ceased to exist.
Wudao Temple was originally located in front of the stage, under the west gable of suo Guangkuan's north house, facing the west gate. A hut with five clay statues of gods and frescoes. After being demolished, it was moved to the west gable of the stage, still sitting east and facing west, and has long ceased to exist.
The Temple of Fire is located on the horse face of the school toilet wall, with three rooms and a clay statue of the god.
Mawang Temple is located in Linjia Hutong, behind the Huangjia old house, above the horse face of the north city wall, three rooms, the three-eyed Ma Wangye inside, there are murals, the content of Jiang Taigong sealing Zen, has long been destroyed.
The Niuwang Temple is located on the side of the Gunpowder Building in Xiguan, along the river city, only a small room, but there is a clay statue of the Niuwang God, surrounded by murals, and in 1901, the Gunpowder Building was blown up by foreign devils.
The Red Dragon Temple is located at the mouth of the Zang family tomb ditch, now on the dajing water room, at the foot of the big plate warehouse, there is a large hall with the statues of the red dragon and the green dragon. It is said that a red dragon yard came from Shanxi for the flood, and the townspeople came from thousands of miles, the Dharma body was not bad, and they had made contributions to the retreat of the falling water grotto, and knowing its spiritual experience, they welcomed it into the temple. Later, the camel puller stole his water drops and lost his aura. There are murals in the temple, which is the largest of the Dragon King temples along the river. In front of the temple, two ancient locusts covered the sky and the sun, and during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, because of the siege of our Eighth Route Army, the Japanese were very anxious, did not dare to go out of the village, lacked fuel, so they blew up two trees and burned them to cook, and after that, there was a big landscape along the river city.
The Black Dragon Temple is located on a small well, in the black dragon wood harbor, only a small room, built on a large flat stone, has now collapsed, from the rock pile can be speculated about the scene at that time.
Huanglong Temple Is located at the foot of Baishan Temple, corresponding to Shuiyukou and Longtan Bay, there are three rooms of the temple, enshrined in the Statue of the Yellow Dragon, until the 1970s there were still broken walls, and the township government moved here to build houses.
Painted Buddha Rock Paintings At the Cliff of The Buddha in Shuiyukougou, there are legendary nine painted Buddha rock paintings, which are not known in what year they were painted, and may appear from time to time due to seasonal, temperature, humidity and other reasons. The townspeople said, "Whoever wants to see the nine Buddhas, gold and silver are driven to their homes." "People today have seen six, and those who have seen three have not seen nine. Legend has it that the Japanese army built a road and blew up a layer of stone walls, the petroglyphs were more fresh and colorful, and the blow-up was clearer. The Japanese thought that the Buddha was angry, so they immediately knelt down and prayed, asking the Buddha for forgiveness, and then changed their ways. Unfortunately, in the 1970s, the construction of a road blew up the entire mountain, and the nine Buddha statues painted rock paintings were forever extinct.
【Stone Carving】
The Wei Ancestral Monument (Wei's First Monument) is located in the old tomb of the Wei family under the Chengzituo of The Village of Wulipo in the south slope of Hecheng, and is carved in the Ming Dynasty. In front of the monument, there are stone tables and stone incense burners. The monument is 1.2 meters high and 0.53 meters wide. The inscription "Wei's Ancestors" and the inscription "Continued Ancestor Lianfang" are inscribed with the names of more than 200 ancestors of the Wei clan. The inscription records that Wei Shi was "originally from Suining People, Pizhou, Huai'an Province", and served as "obeying the king's orders, serving for a long time, and enjoying the inconvenience of sacrifice" in Yanhe City, and "the place name Qingbaikou Society along the river Sancha Village, more than a hundred miles away from Beijing in Wanping County, Shuntianfu Province, was rich and simple in the village of Sancha along the river", so he chose the place where "the wind and thunder gained, the quiet and high place" Chengzituo set up an ancestral tomb, "building a tomb, planting trees, searching for soil, stone carvings, repairing, and traveling paths, all without hindrance", this monument was erected in the eighth year of Ming Zhengde (1513), Written by Putian Guo Qing, the head of the military department of Jinshi.
Monument to the Garrison Of The City along the River City The existing Office of the City of the River, in the fourth year of the Ming Dynasty (1624), "the Qin Guard commanded Zhang Jingwei in all the places along the river mouth". Han white jade stone, height 1.1 meters, width 0.65 meters. The upper part is mutilated, the middle is heavily weathered, and the handwriting is difficult to read. The inscription reads: "The city along the river was garrisoned in the thirty-second year of Jiajing, and the city was built in the sixth year of the Wanli calendar. In the twenty-second year of the Wanli Dynasty, Li Hualong and discussed the enemy Taiguan Pass, which was convenient for support. ...... Repair the City God Temple, build the Guanwang Ancestral Hall, to correct the gods; build roads, build water conservancy, plant more, and benefit the future; thin luxury, from thrift, to save the decadent wind; make instruments, provide accounts, for public use. He will rule over public affairs as private affairs, do practical things with a solid heart, work diligently, and fulfill my duties and strength day and night. The lower part of the stele is engraved with the names, official positions, places of origin, arrival and promotion time of nineteen military generals along the river. Zhang Jingwei, a native of Hejian directly under the Heavenly Apocalypse, arrived on June 19, 1623, and was promoted to guerrilla in the Tianjin Capital In August of the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626), serving in Yanhecheng for three years.
The Monument to the Repair of the City along the River Estuary was originally erected in the Temple of the Saints in the East of the Village, but was torn down during the "Cultural Revolution" and is now stored in the courtyard of the Yanhecheng Office. There is no longer a stele, only the head and body of the stele remain. The stele is 2.17 meters high and 0.88 meters wide, and is white and white. This stele was erected in the nineteenth year of the Ming Dynasty (1591) by the Prime Minister ZijingGuan and other Baoding and other local soldiers and Li Ma Zhengyi Pass Shanxi Ti Punishment According to the deputy envoy Beihai Feng Zi and wrote a letter. The inscription details the beginning and end of the construction of the city along the river in the sixth year of the Wanli Calendar (1578). The inscription reads: "The country takes Xuanyun as the gateway, the thistle as the screen, and along the river mouth when the two towns meet, looking east to Duyi, west to plug and pass through the desert, hunhe soup, placket to its left, cover the heart of the heart of the key points also." "The mountain people who were in a military stronghold before the city was repaired, they suffered all year round," the people were congested, the people heard that the police were scattered, and the valley was hidden, and the people lay down without mats. "When the city is repaired," the officials are ordered to prepare and accumulate □, and the period is not guilty; the schoolmaster is ordered to divide the work according to the division of labor, and the period is not guilty, "everything is completed in a few months." After the repair, "there is no longer the police of Akabane", and the soldiers and people "live in peace and no longer worry about thieves, that is, once there is a hurry, rush into the castle and defend it by means of a strong city, according to the river as a heavenly graben, and the strong men take their bows to the enemy, everyone is firm, the west strangles the eastern auxiliary monarchies, and the Yantai easy water can sit back and relax without worry", "... All the public and other policies in between, for this city also. "Therefore, I know that if we set up dangers to defend the country, we must only be at the mercy of others."
Wanping Huailai Junction Lonely Mountain Carved Stone This carved stone is located on the cliff wall of the lonely mountain in the west valley of Baiyang Shihu Village. Wen Yue: "Lonely Mountain, Wanping County, Suncheon Province, west to Mahuangyu Shili Huailai genus, east to Xinzhuang 20 Li Wanping genus, Yongzheng 8th year August 1st Li Li Li" The handwriting is clear, the word "Lonely Mountain" is written in letters over the foot, and the other words are slightly smaller. The stone carvings clearly demarcate the boundary between Wanping County and Huailai County, and the Baiyang Shihu Valley was an important passage from Wanping County to the Huailai Basin and even Inner Mongolia at that time. The eighth year of Yongzheng gengshudang is 1730 AD.
Baiyang Shihu Notice Monument Located in Zhaitang Town along the river city Baiyang Shihu Village, Qing Dynasty, Han white jade, has been disabled, width 0. 75 meters, thickness 0.15 meters. Beiyang 13 lines of text. The monument was erected in the fifteenth year of Guangxu (l889). For Li □□, the main hall of Wanping County, "jointly submitted a case of collecting grain and stones (food) for the people of Shiganggou Mountain, Tan Yuncong, and others", issued a notice to re-measure the local Shigang, Longmen, Duanmu, and Cross Four Gully lands, and set a seal to levy grain and silver 15 taels per year in Wanping County. Private reclamation is not permitted.
The 17-line inscription of the stele reads: "However, the situation of the camp along the river is extremely difficult, can we levy this grain and stone (food) discount and allocate it to the camp along the river,...... If the mountain people re-provoke verbal accusations and double their confessions, they have been exempted from in-depth investigation by the county's noble order, and the soldiers and the people will always be at peace with each other, and there will be no dispute between them. Those who have a license in Wanping County pay 15 taels of silver per mu of land..." "The army of those who have not received a county license in the Sigou Mountains (additional soldiers) Ji Tun Tian is three acres and forty-eight mu, and he is still near the camp along the river to pay grain and silver according to the year. On October 1 of each year, after the payment is cleared, the stamp will be issued to receive tickets... Forever at peace, without further ado. "
Monument to the reconstruction of Baishan Temple The stele ming Yongle stood in the baishan temple for three years.
Baishan Temple Reconstruction Monument The stele was erected in the eighth year of Ming Chenghua, in the Baishan Temple.
Xiuzhen WuMiao Inscription Erected in May of the 25th year of the Qianlong Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, the stele was carved from Han white jade, 2 meters high and 56 centimeters wide, and was found in the lower courtyard of Lijia Hutong. The inscription reads: "Along the river, the mountain is the city, and the river is the pool, which is the throat of the beijing master." The official who erected the monument once again explained that Tianjin Pass and Flood Mouth were under the jurisdiction of the capital of Yanhe City at that time.
Inscription: Zhenwu Temple was built in 1578, until the twenty-third year of Qianlong (1758) "Sacred Dew Residence", so that "those who see it are not sad and sad". At that time, Li Zilonggong, who was guarding the town, "was stunned to see this situation on the day of reading the city", so he took the lead in "donating money to rebuild", "When the military and civilians heard this news, they were all overjoyed, the rich helped with wealth, and the poor helped with strength. "
The ancient master of enlightenment and his master Xuangong Pagoda of Shengquan Baishan Temple in Alum Mountain County, Dexing Province, are inscribed and prefaced.
Master Xuangong Pagoda was originally erected in the terraces along the north slope of the Hecheng Office (originally the incense field of Baishan Temple), sitting north and south, brick hexagonal Sumiya seat, engraved with swastika patterns and birds, three eaves of the corner arch for three single wings, each side width of 1.08 meters, through the height of 4 meters, in front of the tower there is a seal inscription "Master Xuangong Ling Pagoda", there are two brick doors under the bottom, there are two windows behind, the right side of the tower is engraved "Dexing Province Alum Mountain County Shengquan Baishan Temple, so the Master of Enlightenment Xuangong Pagoda Inscription and Order".
The pagoda is 0.50 meters long, 0.42 meters wide, and has 40 lines of characters, and the inscription was written and sealed by Jinshi Wang Tingsi in the seventh year of Yuan Xianzong (1257). The Master of Enlightenment, commonly known as Yang, Zhen Zuxuan," was a native of Jin Dading, born in the 25th year of Jin Dading (1185) and died in the year of Yi Di (1255) at the age of 72. "Tong wu" is his division name, also known as "Longxi Old Man". This Yang Zuxuan was brilliant, "Born to be solid, endowed with wisdom, young and flowery strict monasticism." It is also in teaching, not waiting to find a number of miles but to pass through it in Zen, not waiting to be pounded and stirred up and enlightened. Master Hua Yan returned, Nai Mo and Qizhi, and gave the title of 'Enlightenment'"; he was compassionate and generous, Pudu sentient beings saved people in emergencies, "on the occasion of the Revolution of the Army", the turn of the Golden Yuan, the frequent disasters of war and the people did not talk about life, "the world is hungry, everyone is difficult to eat, relying on the master's grace to cultivate and get the living", "saving a person's life is better than creating a seven-level floating massacre"; he educates countless villagers with his own virtues: "and his strong, traveling in all directions, all those who see him are all admired, and you know that 'the study of the teacher is exemplary, and the writing of the teacher has a regular style', and the □ of the teachings are different from others. There are few people who can reach the clouds and swallows", "make the four dragon elephants smell of the four squares and lead the admirers to also"; although the master of enlightenment is highly respected, he is still approachable, waiting for the soldiers to be chaotic, he was urged by the officials of Dexing Province to go to the abbot Fayun and other temples to repair the temple and rebuild the Buddha statue, and when it was not yet complete, the local officials Han Cao came to greet him and repeatedly pleaded with the master " After the military revolution, my master lived in his place, and it was ashamed that the ancient temples in the countryside were simmered, but they seemed to be wandering and could not bear to see, and now they want to be restored, and they give up the virtue of the master of enlightenment, and those who have no power can do it. Nai Xiu repeatedly asked the master", the master was easy-going, "it is difficult for him to resign for the sake of the countryside", but returned to his hometown, painstakingly managed the painstaking efforts, decorated the statues of the saints of the ancient temple, "re-corrected the community of the White Lotus", and restored the temples of Zhu wo (now the "Zhuwo" village) and the Stone (now the "Jieshi" village) Daming. It was precisely because the enlightened master had such virtue and immeasurable merit that everyone praised it, and Peng Shenchun (1248 AD) received the title of "Purple Clothed" master. Although the title of the master is high, it has no dignity, "the more he congratulates the praise, the more generous the heart of the burning", the Buddha is more pious and more determined. When the master died at the age of 72, he frankly resigned from his people and posted:
Seventy years and two years, spent a lifetime. The five aggregates have all been thanked, the earth, the water, and the fire and wind.
All laws have no substance, and all conditions are empty. Collapse and return, the moon and the breeze.
At the time of the master's funeral, "the sky was clear, the clouds appeared repeatedly, and the auspicious wind suddenly appeared, so that several feet of spiritual banners rose in the air and left." Those who have seen it from more than a hundred are all shocked. The next day, the ashes were gone, and many relics were gained, and its yuanming was not conceded to Sui Zhu. His disciple Li Gong said, "The common affairs of this monastic family must not be guarded, but they must not go against the hearts of the people of the time." So he divided the relics into two, "one point is dedicated to The Great Ming (Temple), and one point is devoted to this." "
The Master of Enlightenment Xuangong Pagoda was torn down during the Cultural Revolution, and the original pagoda is now gone, leaving only the ruins and pagoda inscriptions!
Located outside the east gate of Yanhecheng, the Monument to the Revolutionary Martyrs of Yanhecheng was built in the 1990s of the last century, and the monument is 3.14 meters high, 1 meter wide and 1 meter thick. The stele is written by Mr. Suo Baolin in the ten characters of the "Monument to the Revolutionary Martyrs of Yanhecheng" inscribed by Jiao Ruoyu, and the inscription of the stele bears the heroic names of 63 revolutionary martyrs, of which 45 were sacrificed during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, 16 were sacrificed during the War of Liberation, l were sacrificed during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and l people were sacrificed during the period of socialist construction.
【Ancient Architecture】
Military fortress along the river city
Castle Wall In the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (1578), the vice-capital Yushi Zhang Hao (号浒東, Henan Yifengren) proposed to repair the city along the river, and it was completed in a few months. The east gate faces the capital, so it is named "Wan'an"; the west gate faces the direction of the Mongol tribes, so it is named "Yongsheng"; the north and south gates are both coupon-shaped water gates. The east, west and north walls are straight lines, the south wall is curved, the city wall is made of stone and giant pebbles, there are horse roads on the city wall, there are pheasant women's walls, the north city wall is 462 meters, there are corner platforms at both ends, there are Horse King Temple, Zhenwu Temple, fire temple on the city wall, one mile long from east to west, half a mile wide from north to south, and the mountain castle with a circumference of 1182.3 meters stands, and the inscription has clouds: "Looking at the guancheng city, there are not strong people along the river mouth", and after the completion of the mountain city, the nearby mountain people have successively moved to live in it. Gradually became a small mountain town with prosperous people in the five industries, after which "there was no longer the police of Akabane", and the soldiers and people "lived in peace and did not worry about thieves, that is, once there was a slow emergency, they rushed into the fort, they defended by the fort, according to the river as the graben, and the strong men took the bow to the enemy, everyone was firm, the west was strangled, the eastern auxiliary monarchies, and the Yantai yishui could sit back and relax! "
There were originally three streets, six lanes, and seventy-two hutongs in the city, and now there are still front and back streets, and there is a general office in the Temple of The Guandi Emperor in Xiguan outside the city, known as the Lower Yamen; in the east of the city, there are garrison mansions (the three characters of the big book on the wall in the Qing Dynasty), there are barracks and small school yards in the northeast corner of the city, and there are large bancangs and police stations on the commanding heights in the southwest of the city; and there are gunpowder buildings, camp posts, large school yards, martial arts halls, and xia yuan and other facilities in the west of the city. Along the river, as the military garrison center of Gyeonggi West, the garrison officers were garrisons in the Ming Dynasty and the capital division in the Qing Dynasty, and the official ranks were four military attachés, under the jurisdiction of seventeen passes, seventeen hollow enemy platforms, five attached wall platforms, nine beacon towers, 580 side walls, and 23,000 horse infantry.
There are city gate towers above the city gates along the river, but because of the years and days, the city gate towers have collapsed and disappeared. The east and west city gates are named "Wan'an Gate" and "Yongsheng Gate", because the city along the river is built according to the South Mountain, so the north and south gates are water gates. At present, the west, south and north gates are in place, of which the south gate is closed by the militia because of the heavy rainfall in the 1960s, and the rainwater formed a flash flood from the south gate, which directly threatens the safety of the villagers in the back street. When the East Gate was repaired in the 1960s, because a tool car from east to west by the Ministry of Railways could not pass, the East Gate was demolished without authorization, leaving only three gates in the river city today.
From the beginning of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Wanli Calendar, Wang Daokun, the right attendant of the Bingbu Department, together with the governor Liu Yingjie (Zihe, a native of Weixian County, Shandong, who was in office for four years in Longqing) and Yang Zhao (Zi Mengguo, Shaanxi Fushiren, Wanli Yuannian), and others presided over the construction of more than 200 hollow enemy platforms west of the river mouth from Juyongguan, of which within the jurisdiction of the current Mentougou District, starting from the mouth of the river, there were seventeen hollow enemy platforms (built from 1571 to 1574 in the fifth year of Longqing to the second year of the Wanli calendar), and five with wall platforms. There are six beacon towers (three beacon piers were rebuilt in the ninth year of Ming Chongzhen), and the border wall is 580 meters. There are eleven hollow enemy platforms in the urban and rural areas along the river, the specific distribution of which is: the mouth of the Yongding River is "Along the Character No. 1, No. 2 Platform" ("Along the Character No. 1 Platform" is in the north of the river, in the early 1960s, the local people demolished it in order to build a suspension bridge on the river; the "Yanzi No. 2 Platform" was on the hill from the root of the Long Cliff, which was blown up by the Japanese Kou during the War of Resistance Against Japan; west of the River City, the current Yanhekou River East is the "Yanzi No. 3 Platform", and Hexi is the "Yanzi No. 3 Platform"; into Shiyanggou to walk erli xu, to Erdaochengzi, there is "Yanzi Wu No. Platform". On the yellow grass beams there are what the common people call "seven buildings", that is, seven enemy platforms, of which six are "along the land to pick up the number one" enemy platform, plus an enemy platform that has not been uniformly arranged in stone structure, a total of seven. These seven enemy platforms are connected by stone walls, winding and winding for three miles, and after four or five hundred years, the seven enemy platforms are still standing majestically on the top of the yellow grass beams, and the majestic wind has not diminished.
Shangya gate Shangyamen is the Ming Dynasty garrison house, the Qing Dynasty's Capital, located in the south of Chengdong Street, now known by the people as the "Flower Gate", the courtyard was originally several times in a row, the scale is grand. In 1901, when the Eight-Power Alliance was fought, it was burned into a white field by German devils, and then the rich man Shi Yiwen bought this fire site and rebuilt the landlord's manor, although it was gorgeous, but it was no longer the scene of the Yamen in the past.
At that time, there were seventeen dangerous passes under the jurisdiction of the Garrison Of Hecheng, which were: Sanfen Yanhe Estuary, Shixiangkou, Dongxiaolongmen, Tianjin Pass, Cuanlikou, Donglongmen, Tianqiao Pass, LiyuanlingKou, Scooter Ankou, Tianmen Pass, Flood Pass, QianjianKou, Evil Fish Stream, Jia'er Ankou, West Xiaolongmen, Zhiguoshikou, and Maohulu'ankou. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, according to the "Four Towns and Three Guanzhi" of the general Liu Xiaozu, "In the fourth year of the Wanli Calendar (1576), one member of the garrison, one member of the leading Chinese army, one member of the general officer, and one patrolman were set up along the river mouth, and there were 1,201 soldiers; there were three officials of the Zhongshun battalion under the mouth of the river, 87 officers of the army, 58 members of the imperial squad, and 865 soldiers. One thousand two hundred and twenty-one pairs of armor, seven thousand eight hundred and seventy weapons, five thousand four hundred and fifteen firearms, and fifty horses." The following year, the governor's attendant Yang Bozhun gave another hundred warhorses along the estuary. It is really a strong soldier and a strong soldier.
Lower Yamen In the Guandi Temple, there is a general office in charge of public security and other affairs, and the people call it Xiayamen. The Guandi Temple was burned down by Japanese devils during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and has long since fallen, and dozens of seriously wounded and dead soldiers of the Eighth Route Army were buried at night by the Eighth Route Army Field Hospital, and a post office was built on top of its old site during the "Cultural Revolution". The scene at the beginning of the movie "Mobile Phone" is taken from this place.
Xia Yuan Xia Yuan, who is now next to the Wanbai Mountain in the east of the river mouth, was the place of the garrison, and Zhu Dalao, the official who guarded the land along the river city at the end of the Qing Dynasty, was tied to the walnut tree of Xia Yuan by german devils and shot indiscriminately. Now the place is a fertile field, and there are no more relics of that year.
Daxue field The daxue field is located diagonally opposite the mouth of the river, backed by the South Mountain, opposite Xia Yuan, adjacent to the Yanwu Hall, and is the place where the garrison exercises along the river city are trained. Now it has become a terrace.
Small School Yard Located in the northeast corner of the city along the river, close to the barracks and the upper gate, the small school yard is the place where the troops stationed in the city practice in unison every morning. Houses have now been built and have become government dormitories in urban and rural areas along the river.
Yanwu Hall Yanwu Hall On the side of the large school yard, close to the river beach avenue, after the cooperative, it was reduced to a cattle pen for a long time. In those days, it was a place of training and competition, but now there is still a broken wall, and I can still faintly see the style of that year.
Barracks In the northeast of the upper yamen along the river, east of the north gate, next to the small school yard, it was once the garrison's place, and now it is a civilian house.
Gunpowder Building Located on the cliff of the Yongding River along the West Pass of Hecheng, the Gunpowder Building was the place where the army stationed in Tun stored gunpowder. It was set on fire by German devils in 1901, and its site can be seen from the foundation steps of Han Fuchen's house.
Crossing the camp post Is a sentry post, sent by the officials stationed in the river city, responsible for checking the people who come and go. Its location was near the small bridge next to the current river city road class.
Wang police station Wang police station is located along the river city commanding heights of the big bancang, along the river city stationed in the tun will send people here, as far as the line of sight is to see if there is an alarm from this to the beacon along the line of the outer phase of the cypriot, in order to make early response decisions.
Dabancang Located on the southern city wall of the commanding heights along the river, it is a place where the local garrison troops hoard grain. The warehouse was built in the thirty-second year of Jiajing (1545) by the imperial envoy Huang Hong's suggestion: "Add a warehouse in the area to store rice and grain", and now only the ruins remain. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Japanese devils built watchtowers on it and controlled the entire village.
Forts There are forts in all four corners of The River City.
The five major beacon piers are the beacon towers
First, it is located at the junction of East Ridge and West Ridge, and its four-square platform foundation can be seen in the river city.
Second, it is located outside the southern city wall, and the head of the division's tomb is raised.
Third, it is located next to the tomb of Yipu, the foundation of the beacon pier in that year, and there are still traces.
Fourth, located at the tip of Wanbai Mountain, about fifty meters away from the Japanese Devil's Gun Tower, if you face the mountain, the left is the Beacon Tower, the right is the Devil's Gun Tower, standing on the site of the Beacon Tower, and you can see the two hollow enemy platforms and their short city walls along the hekou River East and West river for several meters.
Fifth, it is located between the Dadonggong palace and the partial platform of Shiyanggou, and the rubble bricks and tiles of the site collapse can still be seen.
Military facilities in Shiyanggou
There are place names for erdao chengzi, wudao chengzi, and seven dao chengzi in Shiyanggou, but there are no chengzi in one, three, four, six and more provinces, which are obviously military facilities of the Yuan and Yuan, but unfortunately, there are no experts to investigate and certify so far, which has become a mystery of shiyanggou's confusing military facilities.
Erdao Chengzi is located in The Three Mile Xu at the mouth of Shiyanggou, and there is a hollow enemy platform, which is the "Along the Character Wu Number Platform".
Wudao Chengzi is located in the Shiyanggou Half Ditch, 15 miles away from the river city, the terrain is very dangerous, the two mountains stand like a gate, it is said that as far back as the Yuan Dynasty, it was sent to set up a card to guard here, so it was able to leave the name of "Wudao Chengzi". When the warlords were fighting with the Central Army, the terrain here was taken by the Central Army, so they ordered the people to use extra-large stones to close the mouth of the Wudaochengzi Gorge and cut off the traffic up and down, like a dam, which was extremely strong.
Seven Dao Chengzi is near the shiyanggou dadonggong side fortress.
The remaining chengzi, three chengzi, four chengzi, six chengzi, eight dao, nine dao and even more chengzi are still uncertain of their exact location and whereabouts.
Stage
The stage was built in the Ming Dynasty, located in the west of the central part of the river city, facing north and south, three rooms, located on a 1.5-meter-high stone foundation. Hanging mountain roll roof, ash barrel tile roof, spinner painting between the columns. The stage is 6.20 meters wide and 7.40 meters deep. The stage is basically well preserved to this day. In front of the stage is a small square, which was originally only for military and soldier villagers to watch the play, but since the Republic of China, many major events along the river city have occurred here. The first-class ancient locust across the stage witnessed everything.
【Ancient Tombs】
Tawan'er Stone Pagoda Out of the East Gate a mile ahead, to the Tawan there is a stone tower, the top of the tower is black and round, the impact is sonorous, it seems to be made of metal alloy. It is said that a visiting monk came here, and a "boat pile" was played for the "boat" next to the South Mountain in the river city, which is the meaning of the long-term eternal peace of the village, and it is also a major landscape along the river city. It was also destroyed during the Cultural Revolution and is now hard to find.
Dexing Province Alum Mountain County Shengquan Baishan Temple Ancient Master Xuangong Pagoda Master Xuangong Pagoda originally stood in the terraces along the north slope of the Hecheng Office (formerly the incense of Baishan Temple), sitting north to south, brick hexagonal Sumire Seat, engraved with swastika patterns and birds, three eaves turning corner bucket arch for three single wings, each side is 1.08 meters wide, through the height of 4 meters, in front of the tower there is a seal inscription "Master XuanGong Ling Pagoda", there are two brick doors under the bottom, there are two windows behind, the right side of the tower is engraved "Dexing Province Alum Mountain County Shengquan Baishan Temple, so the Master Of Enlightenment Master Xuangong Pagoda Inscription and Sequence".
The pagoda is 0.50 meters long, 0.42 meters wide, and has 40 lines of characters, and the inscription was written and sealed by Jinshi Wang Tingsi in the seventh year of Yuan Xianzong (1257).
【Ancient Road】
Emperor Taifei Ling Road The Imperial Princess Ridge Road opened by the Xi clan in the Liaojin Dynasty passed through Liu Jiayu, Longmen Gate, and along the river city, and crossed the Yongding River.
【Furui】
There is an ancient well along the river city, on the platform where the Zangjia Tomb Ditch and the city wall meet, the well is several meters deep, known as the big well (the small well is in the Heilongmu Port of Xiguan along the river city), which is still in use in the 1950s, and the engineering team that repaired the Fengsha Railway built a well house on the side of the well, and the big well was withdrawn from the historical stage and stopped using it.
【Ancient Tree】
The two ancient locusts in front of the Red Dragon Temple The two ancient locusts in front of the Red Dragon Temple cover the sky and the sun, which is the most popular of the national locusts along the river city. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Japanese built a bunker in Dabancang near the Red Dragon Temple, commanding to control the whole city. In the later period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, because our Eighth Route Army besieged the enemy's strongholds, the Japanese were in a hurry, did not dare to leave the village, and lacked fuel, so they blew up two trees and burned them to cook, and after that, there was a big landscape along the river city.
Along the River City Opera Stage opposite the ancient locust has hundreds of years of tree age, along the River City hundreds of years of wind and clouds are under this ancient locust, it witnessed the river city hundred years of historical vicissitudes.
【Cultural Relics】
Ancient human life sites along the river city
Tianxian Back Cave Tianxian Back Cave is located in Tianjin Pass, the southern foothills of Huangcaoliang along the River City, and the accumulation in the cave belongs to the quaternary Late Pleistocene. Fossils of tigers, leopards, sheep and other animals have been found.
Dadonggong New Period Ruins The site is located on the hillside of Dadonggong Village along the river city. The site is located higher in the northeast and southwest, with The Village of Kotogu and the mountain stream below and the terraces in the west. The site is about 300 meters long from north to south, and there are springs and pools in the middle of the site. At the southern end of the site, a polished stone axe was excavated, 0.11 meters long and 0.07 meters wide, and the stone axe was complete. A piece of fine bluestone polished stone was also unearthed.
Shizigou Warring States to Han Dynasty Ruins The site is located along the river city shizigou village (above the 37th hole of the Fengsha Railway), facing the Yongding River in the east, west and north, on the platform of a small mountain bag, about 30 meters from east to west, about 45 meters from north to south, with an area of 1350 square meters. There is no dependent building on the ground, and there are red pottery pieces all over the Warring States, and the shape of the vessel has large fine rope pottery pots and pot mouth edges.
Baiyang Shihu Village Han Dynasty Ruins The site is located about 10 kilometers north of Baiyang Shihu Village along the river city, the site sits west to east, on the front ground of the mountain, 300 meters long from north to south and east to west, with an area of 90,000 square meters. There is a large area of burnt soil in the middle of the site, and fine string pattern Han Dynasty sand red pottery pieces have been excavated, and there are tombs in the western part of the site. The site has not been officially excavated and details remain to be examined.
Xidatai Neolithic Ruins In the early "Four Qing" period, Li Haiyun's father in Xidatai dug out two stone rods (similar to a rolling stick, one of which is intact and the other has been broken) and a strange "case board" of 0.8 meters long and 0.30 meters wide, two stone rods that were held and played by children at that time and were lost, and that "case board" was presented to the China History Museum by Comrade Liu Dequan, which was identified by experts as a Neolithic cultural relic and is now stored and exhibited in the district museum.
【Education】
According to the stone stele erected by Zhang Jingwei in the fourth year of the Ming Qi (1624) stored in the Office of Yanhecheng, he arrived on June 19, the third year of the Apocalypse, and set about "repairing the City God Temple and building the Guanwang Ancestral Hall", "rewarding the kindness of the villagers, donating the yixue of the countryside, teaching the township covenant to indoctrination, going to the camp to serve foolishness to benefit the place..." Since General Zhang Jingwei "donated the yixue of the Yixue", it can be seen that before 1623, the current Zhaitang Town of Mentougou District had a righteous learning, and he could have a place to donate his Yilu, and so on. So, according to the calculation, the Yixue along the River City has been more than 380 years ago, and it is the earliest known Yixue in Western Jingxi.
Private School Shi Zhengcong and Huang Guozhu, two old gentlemen, opened private schools in the east and west compartments of Laojun Hall in the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic of China, until the eve of the War of Resistance.
Folk customs
【Production and Living Customs】
Soldiers who ate grain and received salaries during the Ming and Qing dynasties, some of whom were dispatched from other places to relocate to this area, also "selected the children of the indigenous fields to fill them." At that time, many families along the river city almost had one or two people eating grain in the military camp as errands, of which the cavalry and horse households took two parts, the imperial court implemented the strategy of "raising horses for the people", and the local guards also "visited the earnest and raised horses" (Zhang Jingwei guarded the four-year inscription of the Apocalypse), so the people had pay, the horses had grain, ate the imperial grain, took the official salary, and enjoyed the fenglu given by the emperor, which was the pride of the people along the river city at that time. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, there were no major wars, and every day, except for morning team exercises, routine training, and military duties, they could also return home and do their own work without doing anything, just as the so-called "talking about martial arts and not abolishing the time of farming" is quite similar to the form of "unity of soldiers and people" of the Manchus. Therefore, in addition to being a soldier, a little more diligent and supplemented by farming, at that time, it can be said that drought and flood protection can be carried out freely, and life is more or less reliable, which is the so-called "oil household" that makes people in all townships and eight villages covet.
Intangible cultural heritage
Mountain Village Drama Along the River City, there were originally mountain village small drama mountain dramas and the like, which still existed until the eve of the "Cultural Revolution". The ability of mountain people to compose music is poor, and the performances are mostly old tunes and new words.
【Legends and Stories】
Falling Water Grottoes Mentougou District along the west of the river city more than a mile, there is a cave in the root of Wanbai Mountain, this cave has several rooms as big as a few rooms, the north is high and the south is low, and the east is big and the west is small. People now call it "Rat Grotto", in fact, there are no rats there, it was originally called "Falling Water Grotto". Speaking of which. The name also has a lot of history!
Hundreds of years ago, one summer, the weather was flooded and rainy, and flash floods broke out along the west side of the river city, the water was huge, and the ditches were flat. One day, people were uneasily standing on a high post outside the West Pass to check the water potential, when they suddenly saw two Dragon King yards with branches floating down the water. One of them turned over several times, drifted into the Yongding River with the flood, and disappeared in a moment. The other drifted diagonally into the cave and stopped. After a while, the rain stopped, the water slowly fell, and people stepped into the hole in the mud to look up, hey! The Dragon King yard was tightly tied, and the Dragon King sat in it, there was not a drop of water on his body, but the handwriting on it was clear, and it was written "Shanxi So-and-So County", and people were surprised to see it. They all said: "From Shanxi to here, how far is this!" It's not bad at all, true God, this is probably a good Dragon King, let's offer it up! Therefore, people respectfully invited the statue of the Dragon King to the village, built a temple in the southwest of the city, and offered it up, and people asked for a sign, asked for rain and flooding, and it was very magical, so the incense has been endless.
After some years, along the river city came a group of camels to walk the rivers and lakes, lived here for a few days, heard about this matter, felt very novel, the leader of which, taking advantage of the fact that people were not prepared, entered the temple, sneaked around and did not know what to write, the next day was not bright, the gang rushed to run, and when people found out, the dragon king god statue had already been chiseled a hole, it turned out that the dragon king's palm was studded with a water-avoiding bead, this gang of people looked out and stole it, and from then on this dragon king temple will no longer work.
However, the cave where the Dragon King yard was stored was left with a good name of "Falling Water Grotto" because of the merit of retreating water, but it was called around, and after a long time, it was called away, and it became a "rat grotto" that did not do anything about rats.
Tawan and Mountain City In the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty, after the completion of this military fortress along the river, the nearby military and civilians began to move to the city one after another. Within a few years, this small mountain city with three streets and six alleys has become more and more prosperous.
One day, a monk with a good way came to the small mountain town, he looked up, only to see that the mountain city is supporting the mountains and water, the mountain city is majestic, the streets are neat, orderly, the people are industrious and simple, and they can't help but praise it one after another, but when they look closely with their wise eyes, they find a little deficiency, but they say to the father and elder of the mountain city: "Although the mountain city is good, I am afraid it will not last long." The mountain people asked why. The monk said, "Along the river city, along the river city, as the name suggests, is a city along the Yongding River." Standing on a high place, looking down, along the river city is like a big boat, docked at the river under the mountain, if you want to make this boat strong and long-lasting, you must set up a stake for it, and it is good to tie it up. Father Yamashiro was convinced of what he had said, so he asked the monk to help plan his affairs. The old monk chose a place on the high mountain hill in the east of the village, and led the villagers to build a small and exquisite stone pagoda to act as a "ship pile", and after that, the area where the tower was built was called "Tawan'er" and "Tawan'er", and it has been called until now.
After the completion of this tower, it is unknown what kind of benefits it will bring to the villagers of the mountain city, but it has indeed stood on the mountain hill for hundreds of years, firmly tying the "boat" for people, at least for the picturesque river city, it is also an embellishment. Who knew that during the ten years of catastrophe, it was demolished by ignorant rebels, which was a pity.
【Oral Literature】
There is a strange phenomenon along the river city, that is, I love to write big character posters, inspections, and notices in the form of allegro books with rhymes, such as: "Play bamboo boards, listen to my words, I talk about what the situation is..." This form continued until the "Four Qings", and by the time of the "Cultural Revolution", the big character newspapers were all over the place, and it was not this mode.