China, South Korea, Japan and north Korea are jointly bordered by the Yellow Sea, which is located in the core area of the northeast Asian regional economy, and its location advantage is obvious. Giving full play to the advantages of the Yellow Sea and building a harmonious Yellow Sea and a safe Yellow Sea are of great strategic significance to the economic and social development of neighboring countries. This paper mainly aims at the frequent occurrence of marine disasters in the Yellow Sea and the lack of cooperation among countries to deal with marine disasters, and only discusses how China and South Korea can establish an emergency response mechanism for marine disasters in the Yellow Sea.
Yellow Sea storm surge
1. Major marine disasters in the Yellow Sea and the problems they face
The Yellow Sea is one of the world's 64 large marine ecosystems, covering an area of 400,000 square kilometers and an average water depth of 44 meters. The Yellow Sea is located in the warm temperate zone, the seasonal changes of the climate are mainly affected by the Asian monsoon system, the winter is cold and dry, and the summer is warm and humid; the biota belongs to the East Asian sub-region of the North Pacific Region, and the biological taxa is dominated by temperate species, and there are a small number of tropical species; the circulation is mainly composed of the Warm Yellow Sea Current and the Yellow Sea Coastal Current, etc., the warm current goes north, and the coastal flow goes south, forming a cyclonic flow; the sea area is affected by the freshwater runoff of rivers and rivers into the sea, and has typical ecological characteristics such as estuarine wetlands, bays, and islands. The Yellow Sea is one of the important international golden waterways, with many foggy days in summer and a long duration, strong winds in winter, and frequent collisions at sea, which has become one of the important constraints on the economic development of the region. There are many types of marine disasters in the Yellow Sea, mainly including storm surges, tsunamis, red tides, oil spills, ship collisions, and moss. Among them, typhoon storm surge and red tide have a great impact on the safety of life and property in neighboring countries. Since 1972, there have been 104 red tides in the Yellow Sea, of which 54 have occurred in the 2000-2007 period, and the frequency has increased significantly. The storm surge in the Yellow Sea in 2007 only caused significant economic damage to China's coast. The outbreak of the Yellow Sea Moss Disaster during the Olympic Sailing Games caused great losses to the local area.
Yellow Sea Moss Disaster
Due to the lack of coordination mechanisms in the response to marine disasters, the countries of the Yellow Sea have long been in a situation of fragmentation, whether it is forecasting, prevention, rescue and information exchange, and cannot form a joint force.
2. The necessity and concept of establishing an emergency response mechanism for marine disasters in the Yellow Sea between China and the REPUBLIC OF Korea
(1) Necessity
China and South Korea face each other across the sea and border the Asian region, making them the two largest countries along the Yellow Sea. With the rapid development of Sino-ROK economic cooperation, South Korea has established a number of different types of industrial parks in China's coastal areas. Not long ago, General Secretary Hu visited the ROK, and the ROK president visited China, and the exchange of visits between the two heads of state has enhanced cooperation between the two countries in all aspects and set off a new round of Sino-ROK cooperation. With the continuous upgrading of cooperation between the two countries and the development of economic cooperation in coastal areas, strengthening the construction of an emergency response mechanism for marine disasters between the two countries is not only very necessary and important, but also should be put on the agenda.
Expert Storm Surge Workshop
(2) Ideas for the construction of emergency response mechanisms
1. Establish collaborative institutions with the participation of national and local marine administrative departments
(1) It is proposed to establish a China-South Korea Yellow Sea Marine Disaster Emergency Response Cooperation Committee. The Committee is led by the maritime authorities of the two countries and is composed of the national oceanic authorities of China, Shandong Province, Liaoning Province, Jiangsu Province, Gyeongji Province, Chungcheongnam-do, Jeolla-nam-do, Jeolla-North-do, and the national marine administrative departments.
Red Tide Prevention and Control Work Meeting
(2) Establish the China-South Korea Yellow Sea Marine Disaster Emergency Response Cooperation Office in the National OceanIc Authority of China and the relevant departments of the Republic of Korea. The office is responsible for the Cooperation Committee, and a person in charge of each side of the Chinese and South Korean sides serves as the director of the office, responsible for the daily work of emergency response to marine disasters in the Yellow Sea.
The author investigates in Korea
2. Cooperation and exchange matters
Give full play to the role of the China-Korea Science and Technology Exchange Center, work closely with the Cooperation Office, and conduct discussions and cooperation in the following five aspects:
(1) Strengthen cooperation between the two countries in the monitoring and forecasting technology and scientific research of marine disasters in the Yellow Sea, and continuously improve the emergency response capabilities and scientific and technological level of marine disasters.
(2) In terms of oil spills, it is necessary to strengthen exchanges and collaboration with the International Shipowners Mutual Insurance Association and the monitoring and evaluation agencies of the International Oil Pollution Fund, and jointly study the oil spill disaster management mechanism and the offshore oil spill event assessment mechanism with the participation of lawyers, monitoring technology assessment agencies and administrative management agencies of both sides, so as to provide a strong guarantee for the prevention and control of environmental disasters caused by oil spills in the Yellow Sea.
Oil spills at sea
(3) Strengthen cooperation in the prevention and control of red tide, establish a monitoring and monitoring cooperation organization for red tide in the Yellow Sea, form a joint prevention and joint management action, and share information.
Red tide disaster in the Yellow Sea
(4) Strengthen cooperation and exchanges. Establish an irregular consultation and exchange system, and convene a consultation meeting once a year by the cooperation office of the two countries to study the construction of the mechanism and corresponding countermeasures. Every two years, an academic exchange conference is held to discuss disaster occurrence, prevention and control research and cooperation.
The author investigates in Japan
(5) Explore the establishment of the Yellow Sea Marine Disaster Fund, funded by government and non-governmental donations, mainly for disaster assessment, disaster research, marine disaster early warning and prediction, prevention and emergency capacity building, etc.
The author visited Mokpo University in South Korea
In September 2009, Wang Shicheng spoke at the High-level Forum of China-South Korea Maritime Institutions.