On the evening of September 10, the first symposium of the new book "Qing Dynasty Yuqingzhi County Jiang Shen" was held in the county truth-seeking bookstore. More than 70 literary and art lovers from all walks of life and units in the county attended the launch meeting of the new book.
At the launch meeting, Qian Zailun, editor-in-chief of the book and vice chairman of the County Federation of Literature and Literature, introduced the tortuous process of writing the book and interpreted the political achievements of Jiang Shen in Yuqingzhi County in the Qing Dynasty during his tenure in Yuqing. Some of the articles in this book freely talk about their views from Jiang Shen's calligraphy and painting art, poetry art, political achievements and other aspects.
Editor-in-chief Qian Zailun was introduced into a book
Qian Zailun, born in 1969, bachelor degree, member of Guizhou Writers Association, guizhou provincial writing association, zunyi historical and cultural research association member. He has served as a teacher, a teacher and researcher, a principal, a journalist, an editor, and was the chairman of the Yuqing County Writers Association and the secretary general of the Yuqing County Historical and Cultural Research Association. He has published Selected Essays on Qian Zailun and the reportage "The Land to Stand Up". He is currently the vice chairman of Yuqing County Literature and Art Federation.
It is understood that the content of this book is mainly divided into three parts: Jiang Shen in the eyes of today's people, Jiang Shen in the eyes of the ancients, and Jiang Shen's selected poems, with a total of 230 manuscripts, and the publication of this book has a high historical reference value for the prosperity of Yuqing culture and further study of Jiang Shen and the service of contemporary civilization construction. The book will be on the shelves of the county Xinhua Bookstore and the Truth-seeking Bookstore.
Jiang Shen (1668- -1737), zishucun, suzhai, also known as Xiugu, was a native of Changzhou, Jiangnan (present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu). Qing Dynasty poet and painter. He was first compiled for the Wuying Palace, and was an official who specialized in collating books for the emperor. In September of the fifty-second year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1713), he was appointed as the county of Yuqingzhi. In the history of Yuqing County, Jiang Shen is a very special figure. He was the only Zhi County in Yuqing's history that had been parachuted in from the central government organs to the localities; he stayed in Yuqing twice, accumulating ten years in office, making him the zhixian county with the longest tenure in Yuqing's history; he was the only person in Yuqingzhi County who had acted as the chief official of the two counties and one prefecture in the past; he edited and published the first "Chronicle of Yuqing County" and the first "Chronicle of Sizhou Prefecture"; he rebuilt The School of Yuqing County, built the Yixue of Yuqing County and the Yixue of Sizhou Prefecture; he restored the two official crossings of Yanmen and Zhipitan, and advocated the construction of the Urn An Bamboo Bridge, etc. It has made great contributions to local economic and social development.
Jiang Shen: A famous county in Yuqing in the Qing Dynasty
Qian Zailun
Three hundred and seventy years ago, the ethnic minorities in the north flourished, and the Ming Dynasty changed hands. Due to the special geographical location and the survival of the Southern Ming regime, the Qing army entered the customs in April 1644 (the seventeenth year of Ming Chongzhen and the first year of Qing Shunzhi), and did not occupy most of Guizhou, including Guiyang, until May 1658 (fifteenth year of Qing Shunzhi and twelfth year of Southern Ming Yong calendar). If you count from this time, until the abdication of the Xuantong Emperor Puyi in February 1912, the Qing Dynasty ruled Guizhou for 255 years.
Iron-clad officials of the yamen flowing water. During these 255 years, as many as 123 zhi counties were appointed by the Qing court to rule Yuqing County. The average length of service is 2 years. Among these 123 zhixian counties, there is one person who is really different. Born in Jiangnan Province, he studied in Guozijian, the country's highest institution of learning at that time, and was subsequently selected to work in Wuyingdian, one of the "Three Halls and Three Pavilions", and then changed from a Seven Pins Tonkaku official to an official, and traveled thousands of miles to Yuqing Renzhi County, Guizhou. He worked in this remote and barbaric land for ten years, and was the longest-serving Zhi County in Yuqing's history. He also set many firsts here: editing and publishing the first Yuqing County Chronicle; the first official and righteous studies; the first and only person to act as the prefect in the capacity of Zhi County...
In the "Chronicle of Yuqing County" compiled in the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), 15 of the 123 Zhixian counties in the Qing Dynasty were entered into the case of famous eunuchs, and the proportion was 12%, which was similar to the proportion of outstanding grades in the annual assessment of civil servants today. However, the Zhixian who only took office in the last years of the Kangxi Dynasty was ranked first among the 15 people. For this reason, the world called it "the first county of Yuqing in the Qing Dynasty".
This person's name is Jiang Shen.
Born in paradise on earth
After all, Jiang Shen is a historical and cultural celebrity, and there is a lot of information about him on the Internet. He was born in the seventh year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1668) and died in the second year of the Qing Dynasty (1737), which is not controversial. However, there are at least four theories about his birthplace: one is Changsha, Hunan, the second is Changshu, Jiangnan, the third is Changzhou, Jiangnan, and the fourth is Wu County, Jiangsu. So, what exactly is true? According to the author's research, the first is pure nonsense; the second mistakenly regards the ancient Changshu once-time name "Changzhou" as "Changzhou"; the third and fourth statements are reliable, but the third is the most accurate.
Why is it most accurate to say that Jiang Shen is a native of Changzhou, Jiangnan? The strong evidence lies in the fact that the "Chronicle of Yuqing County", written in the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi, has the phrase "WuyingDian Xiu Xiu SpecialLy Granted Wenlin Lang Yuqing County Zhixian Governor Jiang Shen Written and Written"; the "Sizhou Fu Zhi zhi" written in the sixty-first year of Kangxi has the corresponding position "Wu Ying Dian Shu Xiu Special Grant Wen Lin Lang Zhi Yu Qing County Affairs Nursing SiZhou Prefecture Affairs Changzhou Jiang Shen Shu Yu Ze Xuan of the County Bureau". As a cultivator of these two books, Jiang Shen would not have made a mistake about his birthplace twice, right?
So, what is the Jiangnan Changzhou in the Qing Dynasty? To understand this problem, we must first understand the relatively vague concept of "Jiangnan". According to the dictionary, Jiangnan originally means the south of the Yangtze River, and in the concept of human geography, it specifically refers to the area south of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and in a narrow sense, it refers to the Taihu Lake Basin. There are three common theories about Changzhou: an island in Hong Kong; a district under the jurisdiction of Wuzhou City in Guangxi; and a county in the historical Suzhou area. Combining the two, we set our sights on the area under the jurisdiction of suzhou in present-day Jiangsu Province.
Looking through the history of Suzhou, our speculations have been confirmed, and we further understand that in the Qing Dynasty, Changzhou was a vassal county of Suzhou. However, the merger and withdrawal of administrative divisions and the frequent replacement of names, "Cheung Chau" has been slowly hidden in the dust of history. Entering the depths of history, we find that as early as the first year of Tang Tianbao (742 AD), when Suzhou was changed to Wu County, there was Changzhou among its subordinate counties. In the second year of Tianbao, Changzhou County was abolished and replaced by the Changzhou Army, and 35 years later, in the twelfth year of the Tang Dynasty (777), it was changed to Changzhou County. For more than 1,000 years, the county did not change its name or surname. Only in the second year of Qing Yongzheng (1724), due to the large population and heavy taxes of Changzhou County, its southern part was divided into Yuanhe County, which was the same as Wu County in the southwest and Changzhou County in the northeast as the annexed County of Suzhou Province. In the early years of the Republic of China, Suzhou Prefecture was abolished, and the former Changzhou, Yuanhe, and Wu counties were merged into Wu County. In June 1995, Wu County was abolished and a county-level City of Wu County was established. In February 2001, Wuxian City was abolished, and the original district was divided into Wuzhong District and Xiangcheng District. No wonder, when we went to Suzhou to investigate, we first contacted Xiangcheng District, and after we went there, we knew that the most important place to go was Wuzhong District.
As the saying goes, there is heaven on the top and Suzhou and Hangzhou on the bottom. The meaning is that in heaven, heaven is the most beautiful, prosperous, richest place; and the three most important places on earth are mainly concentrated in Suzhou and Hangzhou. Wuhua Tianbao, the spirit of the people. There are so many historical and cultural celebrities born in or closely related to Suzhou that no one can say a relatively accurate data. When we were searching for Wuzhong District, the comrades of the Propaganda Department of the District Party Committee gave us a copy of the "Biography of Wu zhongmingxian" published in 2006, which included more than 130 people from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qing Dynasty, including emperors and generals such as Yan Lu, Wu Zixu, Sun Wu, Zhu Yichen, Qian Yuanxuan, and cultural figures Bai Juyi, Fan Zhongyan, Fan Chengda, Tang Yin, Wen Zhengming, and Shen De. As early as the Tang and Song dynasties, Wei Yingwu and Qin Guan lamented that "Wuzhong Shengwen History, Qunyan Wang Yang" and "Wuzhong Duogaoshi often send old releases." The Jiang Shen we are looking for, the official to the state and prefectural levels, his name has been entered into the "National Dynasty Painting Collection", "The Complete History of Chinese Painting", "The History of Chinese Painting" and other classics, while the "Biography of Wu Zhongming Xian" is not seen, which shows the high threshold for the compilation of this book.
Although it is a little regrettable that Jiang Shen was not included in the "Biography of Wu Zhong's Famous Sages" compiled by this person, this does not negate that he came from a famous and prestigious family and received a good family education and school education.
It is said that most of the jiang surnames in the Changzhou area were after Jiang Wei, the Marquis of Linsu in the Eastern Han Dynasty. After more than a thousand years of reproduction, this family has entered a glorious period of prosperity and handsomeness. Jiang Deyuan, Jiang Kun, Jiang Xun, Jiang Gao, Jiang Gongtang, Jiang Wenchun, Jiang Yingyan, Jiang Yuanyi, Jiang Guohua, Jiang Taijie, Jiang Linshu, Jiang Ji, Jiang Zenghuang, Jiang Wanning, Jiang Qingjun, Jiang Yuanfeng, Jiang Defu, Jiang Xibao, Jiang Tingen, Jiang Binwei, Jiang Bingzhang, Jiang Zhifu... In the Qing Dynasty alone, nearly thirty of them were admitted to the "Jinshi" examination.
In the summer of the seventh year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1668 AD), Jiang Shen came to this world. Great-grandfather Jiang Can was a senator of Tianjin Bingbei Province, grandfather Jiang Yuanzhen was a person who lifted people and would try to be a deputy, and was recommended to the palace to become a Zhongshu Sheren, and his father Jiang Zhiang (Jiang Ming), Xiucai, was born and had been in business for a long time. He also had an uncle, Jiang Zhikui, who was an official to a waiter. Therefore, the Suzhou Jiang clan, specific to their branch, the family is still very prominent. Originally, they had been living in the east of Suzhou for many generations, and then because the Qing army entered the customs and their homes were burned, they moved to Taohuawu. Peach Blossom Wood is in the area of present-day Suzhou Sizhong, and was quite famous as early as the Tang and Song dynasties. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Chen Yuanyuan, a famous prostitute in Suzhou Pear Garden, once built a dressing building in Taohuawu. In the ninth year of Qing Shunzhi (1652), Jiang Shen's grandfather bought this building and nearby lots and built the "Embroidery Valley Garden" here for reading, studying calligraphy and painting, and receiving literati and scholars. Due to the special geographical location and the fame of Peach Blossom Dock, "Embroidery Valley Garden" has become one of the important targets pursued by many rich people. Shortly after the death of Jiang Shen's grandfather, someone took advantage of his uncle's weakness of gambling, designed a trap to make him lose the garden, and then changed his master twice. Later, Jiang Shen bought it back with heavy money and rebuilt it. There are 15 cultural landscapes that can be played, such as Jiaocui Hall, Xi domain Pavilion, Yiwu Nest and Su Zhai. In the thirty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1699), Jiang Shen held a feast in the Xiugu Garden, and nearly thirty people, including famous scholars in Suzhou and Changshu, such as You Dong and Zhu Yizun, Zhang Dafu, Hui Shiqi, Wang Yi, Yang Jin, and Mu Cunrui, were invited to visit, and everyone drank and wrote poems together for three days. The wealth of his family is evident from this.
He was selected by the Guozijian and entered the Wuying Hall to repair the book
Jiang Shen was born in such a family, and since childhood he has been influenced by traditional Chinese culture, his poems, books and paintings have become famous in the local area since he was in his early twenties, and he has close contacts with famous painters such as Wang Shigu and Wang Yuanqi. However, having knowledge and talent does not mean that the path of the examination is smooth and accessible. Jiang Shen usually had excellent grades, but he did not go well in the scientific examination, and he was in his early thirties before he was able to enter the highest institution of learning in the country at that time, the Guozijian.
Guozijian is the central official school of ancient China. In the Qing Dynasty, its development was relatively complete, and it was a national educational administration and teaching and training institution that was personally managed and supervised by the emperor. Before the Qianlong Dynasty, the state's management of this institution was very strict and formal. There are more than 10 kinds of students who enter it, including Shigong, Engong, Bagong, Yougong, Vice Gong, Jigong and Enjian, Yinjian and Youjian, but the total number of prisons is strictly controlled within 300. Therefore, no matter what form of entry, it is very difficult. To become one of them, the competition may be as difficult as today's people entering Peking University and Tsinghua University. The duration of study in Guozijian is generally three years. After graduation, students can participate in the "court examination" specially set up for them, and they can be awarded a post with qualified grades, of course, they can also participate in the triennial township examination and the meeting examination to strive for meritorious names such as lifting people and entering the army. In addition, a very small number of outstanding people who are proficient in arts and sciences and good at writing can not participate in the court examination, but are directly selected by the relevant departments to serve in the palaces, cabinets, and libraries with the function of repairing books, and are elected as officials in the form of discussion according to their service years and labor performance. Jiang Shen took exactly this road. In the year of Kangxi Jia Shen (1704), after Jiang Shenguo's sonship graduated, he was selected to do compilation work in Wuying Hall. Wuying Hall is one of the "Three Halls and Three Pavilions" of the Qing court. The cabinet chief executive who works here ranks third out of six university scholars. It can be seen that it is not an easy task to mix rice in this place.
In the forty-third year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1704 AD), after Jiang Shen graduated from the Guozijian, he was selected to do the work of repair at the Wuying Hall. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the Wuying Hall was a huge complex. There is the emperor's temple and the office of the cabinet university scholar, so some small dynastic ceremonies are often held here. During the Kangxi Dynasty, Wu Yingdian began to open a bookstore, and by the time of Qianlong, it almost became a royal publishing house, printing a large number of exquisite rare books, which were called "Dian Ben" at the time. Jiang Shen had been working in wuying hall for more than six years. He was humble, rigorous in his thinking, and strived for excellence in his work, which won the praise of his colleagues and many officials in Beijing. During this period, the imperial court also awarded him the seven pins of the official "WenLinlang" as a special case. At that time, Wen Linlang, according to today's words, was a non-leadership position, similar to the researcher in the current civil service series. Of course, in the capital, this rank is relatively low, but its work place is in wuying hall, and Kangxi is the emperor who reads more throughout the Qing Dynasty, so good luck is naturally more. Especially after completing the editing and publishing work of "Pei Wen Yun Fu" and "Calligraphy and Painting Notation" with high quality, he was even more famous, and he was even praised by Kangxi Lao'er.
From WenLinlang to Yuqingzhi County, Guizhou
The reason why Jiang Shen was able to go to the Wuying Hall had a big background: that is, the Kangxi Emperor planned to compile two huge works of "Pei Wen Yun Fu" and "Pei Wen Zhai Calligraphy and Painting Spectrum" under the title of his book. "Yuding Peiwen Yunfu" is a dictionary, compiled by Zhang Yushu, divided into two parts, "Zhengbian" and "Shiyi", which reached 212 volumes. The compilation of the "PeiWenzhai Calligraphy and Painting Notation" was led by Wang Yuanqi, which was divided into more than 10 parts, such as treatises, treatises, imperial books, imperial paintings, calligraphy and family biographies, painter biographies, anonymous books of the past dynasties, imperial calligraphy and paintings of the Kangxi Emperor, famous calligraphy and paintings of past dynasties, calligraphy and paintings of past dynasties, calligraphy dialectics, painting dialectics, and collections of dynasties, which were compiled into 5 volumes and 100 volumes. It can be seen from this that at that time, Jiang Shen and others were in urgent need of talents.
Being able to work in the emperor's vision was a very rare opportunity, so Jiang Shen did not attach importance to it. He is knowledgeable and humble, calm and able to work hard, so he is well received by his superiors and colleagues. After the publication of the "Notation of Calligraphy and Painting", the Kangxi Emperor specially granted him the post of "Wenlin Lang". After the successful compilation of the "Imperial Ding Pei Wen Yun Fu", the Kangxi Emperor was very happy, and the grand prize was a meritorious minister, and Jiang Shen was directly transferred from the non-leading position of Zheng Qipin "Wen Lin Lang" to the actual position of Zheng Qipin - Zhi County. During the lottery of officials, his hand was not good, and he drew Yuqing, Guizhou, which was still a barbaric land.
A person who was born in a wealthy family, who had only worked in the central and state organs for ten years of compilation work, and who did not even have experience as a county clerk, a religious oracle, a canonical history, a master book, and so on, suddenly became a parent official in a remote and backward area, which was a great consideration for Jiang Shen. In today's fashionable parlance, he called it "not grounded." When he first arrived in Yuqing, people did not look favorably on him, thinking that his greatest ability was to be able to drink and poetry to move ancient books.
A few days after Yu Qing took office, he found that the Xuegong had fallen into disrepair and the low-lying terrain was easy to enter the water, so he immediately decided to mobilize the officials and people to donate silver to raise the foundation three feet high to rebuild. At that time, the annual salary of an official of his rank was only 45 taels of silver (the system of raising incorruptible silver began in the Qing Yongzheng period, when officials had no income other than the right salary). In order to accomplish this, he took the lead in donating 30 taels of silver. The canon, the sermons, the squires and even the commoners responded positively, and did their best to raise 133 taels of silver. After the construction of the palace was completed, there was a small balance in the donation, and he donated 15 taels of silver to let the same batch of craftsmen build 3 yixue rooms, so that the children of the poor who were diligent and studious could study here.
At the same time, in view of the fact that rural social studies and private schools, the level of teachers is uneven, and the selected teaching materials are very different, he has issued policies: those who are not meritorious students and have excellent character and learning are not allowed to serve as teachers; all the pagan books that are not the history of the five ancient texts and sub-histories are burned, and they try to donate funds to engrave or purchase the "Five Classics Complete Notes", "Three Transmissions", "Zhou Li", "Filial Piety", and "Primary School" to the instructors for distribution to the schools.
Next, he put forward a bold idea: donate to the famous eunuch temple, collect materials extensively, widely collect folk circulation, and display the name and basic deeds of Zhixian County, which has been high in ambition and clean since the Ming Dynasty and did practical things for the locality, so that future generations can remember and learn. As a result, Yuan Shangji, Han Renfu, Yao Dawu, Zhao Dengjie, and Zhang Guobi entered his field of vision. The four characters "Chongde Reward Merit" on the plaque of the Famous Eunuch Temple were written by himself. It can be seen that he is a person who pays attention to official morality, official voice and gratitude.
At the beginning of the establishment of Yuqing County, Guo Zizhang, who was then the inspector of Guizhou, had a good love for this newly built county, and even donated money to help build YuqingCheng many times, resetting the three passes and three sentries, repairing the Mugen slope road, building lei gong, red soil, and Zhengguan Sanyan, buying Guanshan to bury foreign displaced people, etc., and did a lot of practical things, so that more than 100 years later, the local people are still like a number of family treasures. Therefore, he broke the rules, took huge political risks, and invited Guo Zizhang to the famous eunuch temple and ranked first. He is not pretending to be a ghost, not a landscape, but a model for him to learn from.
Due to historical reasons, the ethnic composition of Yuqing County is mainly han Chinese, and the level of agricultural production is relatively high, but compared with central and southern China, there is still a big gap. In order to enable more peasants to have food, food, clothing, and clothing, he specially wrote "Six Articles of Persuasion to Peasants" and posted them in each li and Jia, and organized people to publicize and explain, guide the poor people and foreigners who have no land to open up land in sparsely populated and suitable for farming, and when they become mature, the government will "confirm their rights" for them; encourage and guide the peasants to make and manage the land and use convenient production tools; encourage and guide the peasants to learn from the peasants in Huguang, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang to plant cotton and weave cloth and collect ge as a silk, plant white ash trees, plant tung oil trees, green tea, and raise fish to increase economic income.
When he came, although Yuqing had been establishing a county for 112 years, due to the poverty of the people and the lag of culture, there were very few historical documents, only the "Chronicle of Pingyue Province" had more than 30 pages of about 6,000 words of accounts. Therefore, he decided to give full play to his own strengths in addition to doing his job well, and edited the first "Yuqing County Chronicle". After nearly four years of intermittent research, he collected historical materials involving territory, hoshino, city pool, mountains, climate, auspiciousness, hukou, officials, schools, kogong, ceremonies, agriculture, storage, toast, military, art and literature, and compiled them into four volumes and eight volumes of this county chronicle. The chronicle is about 130,000 words, complete in style, elegant in writing, and collected Hongfu, which is recognized as an excellent local chronicle by the people of the time, and its historical value is immeasurable.
At that time, YuQing people were superstitious, and most of them did not ask the doctor or take medicine after getting sick, but only cared about praying to God and worshiping ghosts. Therefore, there is only one person in the county named Wang Guochang who opens a medical center. Guo Chang was originally a talent, but later gave up the imperial examination to study medicine, in order to cure diseases and save people. However, although he did not need money to take medicine and only charged costs, he was still very poor, so his family was often too poor to open the pot, but he insisted on it for a long time. After Jiang Shen learned of this situation, he not only gave economic assistance, but also specially wrote poems and made a plaque of "Qiande Orange Forest" to show encouragement. Shi Yun: "Happy hunger is unarmed, and there are books of relief." Don't get tired of living in the corner of the city, spend light to protect the grass. Subsequently, he paid for him to copy a number of simple and easy diagnosis and treatment methods according to medical books, and let the officials who managed education distribute them to schools, so that teachers could choose some students to learn and practice boldly. At the same time, he also made a public announcement to reward those who had outstanding achievements in treating diseases according to the prescription. Since then, the Yuqing people have gradually changed their customs and customs, and they do not believe in ghosts and gods and believe in medical techniques.
He served as the governor of two counties and one prefecture, and was eventually promoted to Shuozhou Zhizhou
During his tenure as an official in Guizhou, Jiang Shen set an example by Liu Yinshu, who was honest, generous, straightforward, and daring to take responsibility, was honest and diligent in his administration, and was enthusiastic about public welfare undertakings, which won the love of the local people and was also affirmed by the principal officials at higher levels.
Jiang Zi was free, but he drank the ice tillers. Do not dare to use impatience, do not dare to live in the color of the world, do not dare to destroy each other with shallow eccentricity, and will report the two economies to the government. The custom of slash-and-burn cultivation, gradually knowing Nongsang, the people who have a bun in the door, are quite familiar with recitation. In addition to persuading nong to teach reading, he searched for compilations to become Yizhi. What is the former order to regard as a dispensable, but a person who can be alone? At that time, Wang Peijian, the envoy of Guizhou and other places, praised him in this way.
"Jiang Zi, as a famous scholar of Wumen, reads all the words of the group, and reads the inner court, and what the ears and eyes hear is extremely profound, and his learning is also flooded, his knowledge is also widespread, and his talent is also supportive... And Yu also saw that Jiang Zi was not a disciple of Zhi Zhi in the book, and even more so in the practice. There is a party that is guaranteed in the territory, there is an order to persuade the lessons in the land, there is a change in the customs, and there is a place for recuperation and training for the enlistment of the hukou. Do their best, their diligence, their thieving, their eloquent, none or tired, no or slack. Jiang Zizhen follows the selection of Liang Mao! Now for the order, in addition to the martingale of the book, it is fortunate to be spared, who pays attention to the canonical relics of Yiyi! Jiang Zi is the power of those who have never done anything before, and the GaiTongda rule is also a ruler of Confucianism. Wang Shengying, then senator of the Guizhou Cloth Envoy Department, said this about him.
The superiors believed that it was a pity that Jiang Shen's ability and ability were only to know the affairs of a county, so when the zhixian counties of Longquan (present-day Fenggang) and Yong'an were absent for some reason, they were twice appointed by the inspectors of Guizhou and the envoys to take the place of Zhixian. According to the management regulations at that time, the incumbent officials carried out a grand plan every three years. The so-called counting code refers to the assessment and grading of officials in terms of morality, ability, and actual performance. In the winter of the 50th and 40th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1715), Jiang Shen took office as Yuqingzhi County, although it spanned three years, but in fact it was only two years old, and he had enough reasons to request a postponement of the assessment. Probably in the chest, he welcomed the examination. Such an appraisal, according to the regulations of the time, was the job of the envoy. However, Liu Yinshu, the 78-year-old inspector of Guizhou at the time, insisted on going to Yuqing together. After the examination, Jiang Shen was designated as "outstanding". The so-called "outstanding" is the superior of the excellent. All those who have received this special opportunity are included in the recommendation of candidates for promotion and reuse. However, the gentry of the people painstakingly retained the ten thousand words to the imperial court, and eventually he was promoted to remain in office.
In April of the sixty-first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1722), Chen Yuan, the prefect of Sizhou, was transferred to Tongren Province, and the new prefect Zhang Guangsi was a northerner who also passed the "court examination" and obtained the official position. At that time, the most common means of transportation were to take a car and ride a horse. Can a northern scholar, after passing the emperor's "interview" and receiving the official documents of the imperial court, bid farewell to his parents, wife and children to take office in Guizhou, can he not travel for three or five months? In these months, there must be a reliable person to preside over the work. Jin Shiyang, who was the governor of Guizhou at the time, like his predecessors, felt that Jiang Shen was the best candidate. In May of that year, he was appointed by Jin to act as the prefect of Sizhou in cengong county of present-day Qiandongnan Prefecture as Yuqingzhi County. This matter is called hanging today, that is, he is appointed as the mayor as a county chief. In sizhou for half a year, in addition to handling daily affairs, he also did three major things that are still talked about today: compiling the eight volumes of the "Sizhou Fuzhi" and raising funds to publish them in the world; establishing the Sizhou Yixue School; and reforming the marriage of ethnic minorities.
In the spring of the first year of Yongzheng (1723), Jiang Shen, who had been serving in Yuqingzhi County for ten years, was finally promoted. According to the regulations at that time, vertical promotion had to be served across provinces, so he went to a place far away- Shuozhou, Shanxi. Although his position was promoted to Zhizhou, his living environment was not much better. Shuozhou, that is, Mayi County, which was set up during the qin shi huang period, is located in the upper reaches of the Sanggan River in the northwest of Shanxi Province, adjacent to the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the northwest, and yanmen pass in the south, more than 200 kilometers to the provincial capital Taiyuan. It is a typical representative of the north of The Seychelles. Spring rain and snow are small, wind and sand are large, evaporation is large, and dry weather often occurs; summer rainfall is concentrated, with heavy rain, heavy rain, hail, etc.; autumn rain is less, cool in the morning and evening, and hot at noon; in winter, there is more wind and less snow, the climate is cold, and the living conditions are very difficult. Compared with his hometown of Suzhou, it is really a world of difference. A family like Jiang Shen's, at least a rich second generation, right? If you look at him from the perspective of today's people, I am afraid that when he was appointed as Yuqingzhi County ten years ago, he would have voluntarily given up and returned to his hometown in Suzhou to live a peaceful life without worries about food and clothing. Perhaps the readers at that time, in addition to their meritorious names, really thought about self-cultivation, family unity, governance of the country, and peace in the world. Facing the steep spring breeze, he began another long journey.
According to the "Shanxi Tongzhi" and "Shuozhou Zhouzhi" and other records, Jiang Shen did not serve in Shuozhou for a long time, and just completed one term, that is, from the first year of Yongzheng (1723) to the third year of Yongzheng (1725) for a total of three years.
After leaving Shuozhou, where did he go? Some say that He has returned to his hometown, some say that he was transferred to the prefect of Chaozhou in Guangdong, and some say that he was transferred to the prefect of Chuxiong in Yunnan, and finally died of illness. In the end, there is no authority at present, combined with the official retirement system at that time and Jiang Shen's age analysis, he is more likely to retire early and return to his hometown. Because at that time, the retirement age of ordinary officials was 60 years old, and it was not possible to postpone retirement unless they were feudal officials or special circumstances. At the end of Yongzheng's third year, when Jiang Shen's first term in Shuozhou ended, he was already close to fifty-eight years old. Whether he was sent to Chaozhou in Guangdong or Chuxiong in Yunnan, he had to travel a long way for several months, and he had to retire after a year at most. What can you do in a year in a brand new place? Instead of this, it is better to take a leave of absence and return home in advance. Of course, this is only my own speculation. It is clear that Jiang Shen died in the second year of Qianlong (1737) at the age of 69.
After his death, Jiang Shen was buried in the territory of the Huangqiao Subdistrict Office in present-day Xiangcheng District, Suzhou. That day we went to Huangqiao to look for us, and the street office specially found us a local seventy-year-old man, Jin Genxiang. He led us to aside the bustling crowd, pointed to the houses by the bridge that were closely connected to the Catholic Church, and said, "Jiang Shen's tomb is in that location." In the past, locals called it the Jiang Family Tomb. Although the tomb is built of earth, it is very large, occupying almost half an acre of land. There are several stone pillars around the tomb, and there is a very elaborate stone stele on the front. I remember very clearly that this tomb was uprooted during the 'Agricultural Village'. The cemetery was reclaimed as farmland, and stone tablets and pillars were laid on the riverbank. When the grave was excavated, the coffin was not decomposed, the body was intact, and the clothes on the body had to be torn apart with some force. It didn't take long for them to turn to ashes..." It's a pity, no matter how he describes it, it's just a corner of the city in front of him."
In addition to compiling two chronicles, Jiang Shen also has personal collections of works such as "Embroidery Valley Poetry Notes", "Hongxuan Collection", "Qianzhu Branch Words", and "Yanmen Yucao Occasional Existence". Obviously, the Hongxuan Collection is his work during Yu Qingshi, and the Yanmen Yucao Occasional Existence is his work during his time in Shuozhou.
His wife is noble, and his tutor style is long
Jiang Shen's wife, children and grandchildren are not idle people. His wife, Li Jingfang, zi youshu, trumpet Shulan, Jiangsu Changshu, female painter. The young mother's grandson's inheritance, GongHanmo, dot-dyed flowers and folded branches of vegetables and fruits, are called exquisite. Yigong orchid bamboo, often in the morning and evening of the flower, yixing waving, everyone envies its beauty, and the painters are endless.
Son Jiang Xiangen, character 蟠漪, 貢生, famous calligrapher, official Huangzhou Tongzhi. The Forest of Steles in Xi'an is engraved with its warning words, the content of which is: Do not say that a thought can be deceived, you must know that there is a sense of heaven and earth ghosts and gods; do not say that a word can be light, you must know that there is eavesdropping before and after; do not say that a thing can be ignored, you must know that there is a relationship between the life of the family; do not say that it can be done for a while, and it is necessary to know that there is retribution for the descendants of misfortune. Jiang Xiangen once accompanied his father to Yuqing to study, and returned home to take the exam before the township exam. The stele of "Reconstructing the Rock Gate And Constructing Pi Guandu" in front of the former county ya is his handwriting.
Grandson Jiang Yejin, Qianlong Juren, Official Hanyang County Zhixian, alternate Tongzhi, has seven volumes of "Li Kui Poetry Banknote".
Jiang Yejin's daughter ShanWenmo, who was very respectful in running the family, was known as "Xianneisuke", and was married to Zhuangyuan, Hanlin Yuan, and Duchayuan Zuodu Yushi Chen Chuzhe as his wife.
It can be seen that the Jiang family style is long and the Zehui is long.
References for this article: Kangxi "Yuqing County Chronicle", Kangxi "Sizhou FuZhi", "Shanxi Tongzhi", "Huangqing Book History Volume 26", "Louguan Jiang Qingben Zhilu", "Qing Dynasty Painting Records" by Zhang Geng of the Qing Dynasty, "Qing History Research" in the third issue of 1995 Liu Pengjiu, Wang Jiaheng, Yu Nuoqi's "Discussion on the County Official System in the Qing Dynasty", etc.