Foreword: In the present-day city of Xinxiang, Henan, there is a tomb of the largest king of the Ming Dynasty, the Tomb of King Lu. In fact, in ancient times, only the tomb of the emperor can be called "mausoleum", because the cemetery occupies a wide area, the height of the sealed soil is like a mountain mausoleum, it is called "mausoleum", but also a symbol of the imperial power of feudal society, non-imperial tomb can not be called "mausoleum". The Lu King's Mausoleum is known as the "Mausoleum", although it is a gimmick to attract tourists today, but it is indeed the largest tomb of the Ming Dynasty King. According to the imitation of the Dingling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty, it is far beyond the tomb of the ordinary king of the domain, comparable to the imperial tomb, and is called the "Zhongyuan Dingling Tomb". Today, let's talk about the story of this tomb owner, Zhu Yijun, the King of Lu.
Ming Muzong stills, figure invasion and deletion
All show that Muzong Zhu Zaiquan was obsessed with female sex, and he died of indulgence at the age of thirty-six. But this lustful emperor did not live to adult children, with only two sons and four daughters.
Zhu Yijun was born in the second year of Longqing, and was born to Empress Li with Emperor Mingshenzong, and was the brother of a mother. In February of the fifth year of Longqing, Zhu Yijun, who was only three years old, was held by Zhu Xizhong, the Duke of Chengguo, and Li Chunfang, a university scholar, was crowned the King of Lu, which can be said to have been placed high hopes by his father.
In the fifth year of the Wanli Calendar, at this time, his brother Mingshen Sect had already taken the throne. Emperor Myeongshinjong crowned King Lu, and the British Gongzhang Rong held the festival, and the university scholar Zhang Juzheng pronounced an edict. Whether it is canonization or crowning ceremony, it is the prominent people of the dynasty who hold the festival and declare the edict, and this honor and favor can be described as unique among the kings of the Ming Dynasty.
If these graces are only superficial vanity. Then, after the death of Emperor Muzong of Ming, King Lu was the only brother of Emperor Mingshenzong, the younger son of Empress Li. His brother and mother's reward to King Lu was a real and incomparable favor, and it can be said that he was the most favored king of the Arima generation.
Stills of the Myōshin Sect, figure invasion and deletion
Compared with the sons of the MingShen Sect (except for the Fu King), who were all married in their twenties, out of favor for his younger brother, the Lu King, who had just turned fourteen, the Ming Shen Sect began to marry his brother. In October of the tenth year of the Wanli Calendar, emperor Mingshenzong issued an edict to select a concubine for King Lu. At the same time prepare the application of the Lu King's wedding.
The Ministry of Ceremonies said: The King of Lu has grown up, and it is advisable to marry, and Erbu shows the good homes of officials and people inside and outside the city. There are women with pure moral character and dignified appearance, and they are allowed to register candidates. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
Originally, it was just an ordinary prince's big wedding, but the extravagant cost of the Lu King's big wedding was like a disaster for the household officials.
According to the Ming Dynasty's "Great Ming HuiDian", there was a strict system for the gifts of the king of the clan. Although there are all kinds of things, it should not cost much money in total.
Fifty-two gold, twelve pearls, four hundred and twenty pieces of silver, forty horses of various colors of silk, two horses of big red luo, two horses of raw yarn, forty horses of silk, one hundred pieces of cotton rouge, two two pieces of golden flower rouge, twenty bags of lead powder, ten weights of north sheep, two mouths of pigs, twenty geese, eighty bottles of wine, eighty round cakes, ten bags of final tea, six fruits, two stones of white ripe rice, forty bags of noodles... ——"The Great Ming Huidian. Kingdom Ceremony
Emperor Mingshenzong and Empress Li, out of their favor for King Lu, naturally could not be satisfied with those old systems. In the case of insufficient finances in the household department, Emperor Mingshenzong and Empress Li's mother and son actually started Zhang Juzheng's idea. The famous reform chancellor in Chinese history was liquidated shortly after his death. Raiding Zhang Juzheng's home and only raising marriage fees for the marriage of King Lu, Ming Shi recorded the ugly faces of the mother and son.
When King Shi Lu was about to get married, the jewelry needed was not prepared, and the empress dowager thought it was a word. Emperor Yue: "Over the years, shameless courtiers have done their best to offer Zhang and Feng Erjia, and their prices have suddenly become expensive." The empress dowager said, "If you are already registered, you will be able to get it." --Ming Shi. Biography of Feng Bao
After raiding Zhang Juzheng's home and obtaining tens of thousands of taels of silver, it was still a cup of water. Emperor Myōjin even misappropriated 900,000 taels of military salary to prepare his brother's journey.
The Lu King's wedding has 3,869 pieces of gold, 8,700 gemstones, more than 85,000 pearls, and more than 24,800 coral pearls. So much so that the entire Jingshi gold and jade ware was sold out.
Although the Kyoshi department store is gathered, such treasures are different from the daily millet, that is, it is difficult to make a profit at any time by summoning merchants to buy them. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
According to rough statistics, the cost of King Lu's big wedding was at least one million taels, while the Ming Shen Sect's big wedding at that time was only more than 70,000 taels. Including Zhu Changxun, the second son of the MingShen Sect who was later favored, the big wedding cost 300,000 taels, but compared with his uncle King Lu, he was still a small witch.
The tomb of Princess Zhao of the West Tomb of the Lu King, the figure was invaded and deleted
This is not the end, out of favor for his younger brother, The Myōshin Sect was still in the domain of King Lu. He had given a large number of farmland, real estate, and shops to the nearby provinces and counties of the Lu King's Capital Division. Including the raids of the grand eunuchs Feng Bao, Zhang Juzheng and others, Zhuang Tian and real estate were all given to King Lu. The Ming Dynasty called king Lu "Wang Dian and Wang Zhuang all over Qi".
According to the author's incomplete statistics, King Lu has asked the Mingshen Sect for farmland, lakes, salt introductions, real estate, etc. a dozen times, and the Mingshen Sect has agreed to it one by one. The most ruthless thing is to beg for tens of thousands of Zhuangtian under the name of King Jing.
King Lu played the King of Jing and left behind Zhuangtian, Fangjie, Salt Shop, Salt Tax, Lake Land, River Berth and other offices, chaizhou water rent pit tax and other items. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
King Jing was the fourth son of Emperor Mingshizong and the younger brother of Emperor Muzong of Ming, who was also the uncle of Emperor Mingshenzong and King Lu. King Jing died in Jiajing for forty-four years, leaving the kingdom childless, and the property of Zhuangtian under his name was promised to King Lu. However, King Jing's so-called forty thousand zhuangtian fields are just imaginary numbers, and king Jing's death has been nearly thirty years ago, and after Zhang Juzheng's reform, the zhuangtian under king Jing's name has long been returned to the people. Where to find to make up for these tens of thousands of zhuangtian.
The hubu officials asked Emperor Shenzong to refuse King Lu's request on the grounds that he was "losing his lessons to the country and getting sick and living in the people's livelihood". Emperor Mingshen ordered the household department to "give permission to the village field", not less than one cent and one acre, and the household department that did not know the shame "may wish to add a number to give, so as to do the best of friendship and love and the same spirit".
The household department had no choice but to search the people's fields, and took 226 hectares of Xinxiang and other places in Weihui Province, and 598 hectares in Kaifeng Province and other counties. As well as several salt shops, seven houses in Henan and Huguang provinces, and more than 900 acres of water rental houses, all given to King Lu.
In the eighteenth year of the Wanli Calendar, King Lu went to his brother Ming Shenzong for the second time to request that the Zhuangtian left under the name of King Zujing and the income generated by the Zhuangtian in the past years be returned to King Lu. It was simply brazen, although I did not know the geometry of the final gift of the estate. However, with the urine nature of Emperor Mingshenzong and Empress Li, plus the ZhuangTian given over the years, it should be enough to give King Jing the zhuangtian that was forty thousand inclinations before. It is not an exaggeration to say that King Lu was the richest king of the Ming Dynasty, and even the later Fu Wang could not compare with him.
Emperor Mingzong's move also set a precedent for the king of the clan to be extravagant, and later the sons of the Emperor of the Clan took the King of Lu as the standard and asked the emperor to give him zhuangtian, shops, salt and other things. So much so that by the late Ming Dynasty, the ministers had a headache when they heard that the king of the clan was in the domain.
Lu Wang's mausoleum, figure invasion and deletion
In May of the twelfth year of the Wanli Calendar, the university scholar Shen Shixing played the role of Emperor Mingshenzong for king Lu to choose a fief early and take the domain early. Although the age of the Ming Dynasty clan kings was not strictly controlled, most of the clan kings were immediately married. Now that King Lu has been married for more than a year, even the fiefdom has not yet been determined.
Soon after, Shen Shixing and others took huguang hengzhou and Weihui in Henan as the choice of the lu king. Hengzhou is relatively rich and beautiful, while Weihui is not as good as Hengzhou, but it is not far from the Beijing Division. In favor of his younger brother, Emperor Myeongjin chose the more wealthy Hengzhou as his fief, and had ordered the Ministry of Works to go to The Jianlu Palace of Hengzhou first.
However, King Lu did not want to go to Hengzhou, and wanted to take the domain of Wei Hui, who was not far from the capital division. In the face of his brother's request, the Myōshin Sect even agreed. Half of the Hengzhou Lu Wangfu was directly abandoned, and the Lu Wangfu was rebuilt in Weihui. It is really an outlier, and in the Ming Dynasty, it is rare for a king to choose his own fiefdom.
With a purpose, the mansion was built in the capital of Huguangheng Prefecture. Already, Lu Wang played: The subject wishes to be a few feet away from the heavenly face in the vicinity, from there. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
In May of the sixteenth year of the Wanli Calendar, the Lu King's Mansion, which had been built after four years of construction, was finally completed. The MingShen Sect originally budgeted more than 600,000 taels of expenses, but the Henan Inspector Zhengji, who supervised the repair, in line with the intention of serving the country and the people, reduced the funds layer by layer, and only used more than 300,000 taels to build. Although this cost is also several times more than the system, it can also be regarded as a relief for the country.
The Ministry of Works played the Henan Inspector Zhen Zhen Ji inscription: Lu Wangfu's first gong, originally estimated at 600,000, is now half of it, and the scale is magnificent, strong enough to maintain the domain. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
The construction of the Lu King's Mansion has been completed, and it is time to prepare for the domain. The guards of the Lu Dynasty Palace also prepared 1,600 people as early as the tenth year of the Wanli Calendar, which was not a large number in the early Ming Dynasty. After several generations of emperors cutting the domain, the middle and late kings of the domain were all escorted by hundreds of people, and the lu king was guarded by 1,600 people, which can also be regarded as a unique grace.
Those who choose to learn to do things are in addition to the official yi wei division of the royal palace and the officials of the herdsmen. He also chose those who were honest and proper to use 600 flag lieutenants and 1,000 elite soldiers, and used them as attendants and herdsmen in the royal palace. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
On the eve of the clan, there were twists and turns because of the settlement fee. According to the request of Emperor Mingshenzong and Empress Li, he wanted to give 300,000 taels to king Lu as a settlement fee. At this time, it coincided with the disaster in Zhili, Zhejiang and other provinces, and the current disaster relief was a matter of urgency. For King Lu's 300,000 settlement expenses, it was only 200,000 taels under all kinds of miscalculation.
Yushi Yan did not dare to find the obscurity of Emperor Mingshenzong and Empress Li, and could only take the Hubu Shangshu Song Andu to open the knife and compete to impeach Song. Old Song is a bitter man, and the 300,000 taels of the household department are the emperor's request, so what does he do with this hubu Shangshu? Song Qi, who was unable to retreat, could only go to the old man to return to his hometown. When Emperor Mingshen saw that things had gotten worse, he could only cut it by one-third and keep Shang Shu Song.
In the kingdom of the Lu king, the cost of providing gold treasures reached more than 200,000 yuan, and the inner government did its best to do business. In particular, Shangshu Song Shu of the Ministry of Households, Hu Zhili, Inspector Of the Dao Zhang Yingdeng, and others argued with each other, and the language was cut to the point, and there was a reduction of one-third, and the rest was done. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
In February of the seventeenth year of the Wanli Calendar, king Lu officially took the throne. When they go, the two brothers will never see each other again for the rest of their lives. The Ming Shen Sect was also quite sad and watched his younger brother King Lu go away. It also shows that the two brothers have a deep affection, and King Lu is also deeply favored by the emperor's brother.
The kingdom of the Lu king, the imperial pole gate, the king resigned from the throne, the linxian eyes sent a sense of relief, and the courtiers were many moved. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
In April of the seventeenth year of the Wanli Calendar, after more than two months of trekking, King Lu and his party finally arrived at the fiefdom of Weihui Province, Henan. King Lu also began a twenty-six-year career as king of the domain.
Like most other clan kings in the Ming Dynasty, they were still relatively regular in the Capital Division, but when they arrived at the fiefdom, they were like demons. King Lu was no exception, and when he arrived at the fiefdom, he was like a wild horse that had lost his reins.
○ Violating the ancestral system and leaving the fief without permission
In July of the 26th month of the Wanli calendar, the Inspector of Henan, Zeng Tongheng, and the Inspector Cui Bangliang jointly played the imperial court. King Lu made some fox friends in the local area and often violated the ancestral system to go out of the city. Spending the night in a mountain village, harassing the people, bullying men and women, and causing trouble.
The Inspector of Henan once tongheng patrolled Cui Bangliang's inscription: King Lu is the beloved son of the Virgin, the brother of the emperor, and the head of the current clans. There is no prohibition in and out of the smell, there is no limit to swimming, and it is light to multiply the price of a thousand, and try to hang the danger of the temple. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
Perhaps in the eyes of our present people, this is just a small matter, but it is indeed a big thing for the Ming Dynasty sect. Since the Ming Dynasty, the space for the activities of the clan kings has become smaller and smaller, and they are all confined to the fiefdoms. Trips outside the city will be played by the imperial court, and most of them will be rejected. But it should not be the first time to see the King of Lu, it is already a matter of habit.
Emperor Mingshenzong and Empress Li, who had received the song, issued three edicts reprimanding and advising King Lu, but they were only punished for one year. If it is replaced by an emperor who is strict with the clan, for the clan house is forbidden to go out of the city, the light one is gejue, and the heavy one is issued with the Fengyang high wall.
○ Privately set up public courts to harm the military and civilians
If the illegal departure from the city is only a small mistake and there is no major accident, then the incident that occurred in the thirty-seventh year of the Wanli Calendar is not just a violation of the ancestral system.
King Lu privately levied taxes in Zhuangtian, and some soldiers and civilians who did not obey were arrested and tortured by the people in the palace. As a result, in Wuchang Province, Huguang Province, a hard stubble was encountered, and Zhang Yiqian, the prefect of Wuchang, intervened and sent servants to arrest the officials of the palace. The people of the royal palace were also bold and cursed at the prefect and others.
The matter gradually became bigger, and the matter of the lu king setting up a private execution hall and torturing the soldiers and civilians was also exposed. For example, nailing people alive in coffins, breaking tibia, necks and other cruel punishments.
Hu Ke gave Liu Wenbing a reprimand to withdraw the murder of Li Bingchao. The Bing Dynasty was given the age of the Lu King and the karma of the jia, and was not tortured and forbidden, and they were on hunger strike. The prefect of Wuchang, Zhang Yiqian, questioned his military companions, and Bingchao led people to LingZhi. The Criminal Division also told Du Shiquan that the vicious torture was attacked, such as Qin's Yongliao's Huai, and the use of adultery was illegal. To have a living nail coffin, Zhai? The punishment of death, death, folding of shins, and severance of the shin, His Majesty is not punished before the killing, and how to refrain from retribution. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
And the Ming Shen Sect, Xu had heard too much about King Lu's illegal deeds and was already numb. Out of the maintenance of his brother, he could only turn a deaf ear.
King Lu's other illegal deeds are also a lot, such as killing military horses, smuggling salt, disturbing the place, etc., in short, small mistakes. Compared with the ming dynasty's common father-killing, mother-killing, incest, cannibalism, rebellion and other heinous crimes, King Lu is still decent, and there is more than enough than the upper than the lower.
Moreover, King Lu also had his wise side, which was also not available to most other kings of the Ming Dynasty.
As early as the beginning of his reign, King Lu used his entourage to avoid disturbing the local government and asked the imperial court to take the initiative to avoid building a shed of more than 13,000 silver.
King Lu asked for more than 13,690 taels of silver to be spared, and as many as possible, they could not be used to count, and from there. - Records of the Myōshin Sect
King Lu was also the first king of the Ming Dynasty to assist the imperial court and assist in the salary, and the Ming Shilu alone records that king Lu donated silver to the imperial court several times, and the total donation of silver was not less than tens of thousands of taels. It can be seen that King Lu is still concerned about the Zhu family,Although this is only a loss of his wealth, it is also much stronger than other dime-tall clan kings. And King Lu's move was also imitated by other clan kings, which also set a precedent.
Yi Is good at writing, diligent in sex, always in the dynasty of years, help the workers to help the side without pity, the emperor is good. - "History of Ming. Biography of the Kings
Lu Wang Ling Shinto, figure invasion and deletion
In February of the 42nd year of the Wanli calendar, Empress Li died of illness. Even if he was the emperor's own brother, he could not return to Beijing to mourn because of the ancestral system, which was also the fate of the ming dynasty king. The filial mother of King Lu was overly saddened and died in July of that year, at the age of forty-seven.
The MingShen Sect, who had received the obituary of King Lu, also wept bitterly after losing his close relatives one after another. For the King of Lu to give the title of "Jane", Yide unremitting Jane, Easy not to know Jane, "Jane" is a flat, but also can be regarded as a coffin conclusion that there is neither great merit nor greater than the king of the domain.
The last favor of the Myōjin Sect to this younger brother was to acquiesce in his construction of a tomb far beyond the Ming dynasty.
First of all, the area, according to the Records of the Ming Dynasty, "The Prince Yingdi has fifty acres of land and fifteen rooms." Junwang Wang Ying has thirty acres of land and nine rooms." The mausoleum of King Lu and his concubine Zhao shi was far beyond the provisions of the MingHui Canon. The Lu King Mausoleum (east and west tombs plus Shinto three) covers a total area of about 400 acres, and the area alone is already larger than many emperors' tombs in the Ming Dynasty.
There are also Shinto stone statues, and there are sixteen pairs of Shinto stone statues in the Luwang Tomb (fourteen pairs of divine beasts, two pairs of stone statues), which are more than twice as many as the stone statues of the two ancestors of the Ming Taizu's Xiaoling and Ming Chengzu Changling, and are the most important of the Ming Emperors and Clan Kings.
There are also stone pillars, stone tablets, and archway decorations in the Tomb of King Lu, all of which are carved dragons and phoenixes. There are also dungeon door nails, nine horizontal and nine vertical eighty-one nails, which are also used by emperors. There are many other violations, as many as cattle hair.
The Tomb of King Lu was built by completely reproducing the Dingling Tomb of Emperor Mingshen and is known as the "Zhongyuan Dingling Tomb". The Dingling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty spent two years of Daming's financial revenue, and more than 7 million taels were built. The cost of thinking of the Lu King's Tomb should be no less than a million taels.
Even though King Lu was extremely gracious during his lifetime, he was the best of the kings of the Ming Dynasty, and after his death, he could not avoid being exhumed and dug up. The Tomb of King Lu was destroyed during the uprising of the displaced people at the end of the Ming Dynasty.
After the death of the Ming Dynasty, at the behest of the Qing court, the tomb of King Lu was sold by local officials in Henan and turned out to be a Buddhist temple, which is also a strange thing. The Tomb of King Lu was converted into a women's college during the Republic of China, and a prison in New China. It has not been restored to its original appearance until the last decade or so. It's a lot of wind and rain.