Recently, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage held a press conference to report on the fire safety work of cultural relics in 2019 and the surprise inspection and secret visits organized before the Spring Festival.
Chen Peijun, director of the Supervision Department of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, introduced that in 2019, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage received a total of 21 cultural relics fire accidents, including 5 fires in the national key cultural relics protection units and World Heritage sites, namely: Yunyan Temple in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, with an area of about 120 square meters; Chen Mansion in dongshan ancient building complex in Tongren City, Guizhou Province, with an area of 630 square meters; WuMiao Temple in Pingyao Ancient City, Shanxi Province. The area of the fire is 59.8 square meters; the ancient building complex of Huangtian Village, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province, with an area of 200 square meters; the area of the fire is 400 square meters; the area of zhongyi Nangqian, Longwu Temple, Huangnan Prefecture, Qinghai Province, is 400 square meters.
Among the 21 fire accidents, electrical faults were the most important causes of fire, a total of 8, accounting for 42%; in addition, 4 fires were accidentally caused by domestic fires, 2 fires were caused by illegal use of fire at cultural relics protection engineering sites, 2 fires were caused by burning incense and candles, 2 fires were caused by the spread of foreign fires, and 1 fire was caused by smoking.
From December 2019 to January 2020, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage sent four working groups to Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Guizhou provinces, together with the provincial cultural relics administrative departments, to conduct random surprise inspections and secret visits to some key cultural relics and museum units for fire hazards, safety management problems and illegal construction behaviors. A total of 75 cultural relics and museum units were randomly inspected, including 47 Chinese security units (16 in the eighth batch of state security units), 11 cultural relics protection units at the provincial level and below, and 17 museums, and more than 260 hidden dangers and problems of various cultural relics were found.
Among them, the electrical fire hazard is the most prominent. For example, in the ancient city of Zhaohua in the ruins of Jianmen Shudao in Sichuan, the electrical wiring is not standardized, and the power sockets and switches are installed on combustible materials; high-power electrical appliances are used for heating in ancient buildings. For another example, the Zixiao Palace of the ancient building complex of Wudang Mountain in Hubei Province, indoor incense burning, wax lighting; the duty janitor room uses small sun electrical equipment for heating, and the crimping wire of the electrical equipment in the distribution box of the reception room is not standardized. Jiangxi Ganzhou Bajingtai, set up in the ancient building of the duty room using high-power electrical appliances to boil water for cooking. In the Wangjia Compound in Pingyao County, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, the wires in the cultural relics building used for commercial operation are not standardized, and the electrical equipment is covered with a quilt and wrapped... Similar situations have been discovered many times during surprise investigations and secret visits.
In addition, the imperfect fire fighting facilities and equipment, domestic fire problems, construction site safety management chaos, daily safety management laxity, security and fire duty are not in place, etc. are also more serious problems.
Chen Peijun introduced that this surprise inspection and secret visit conducted on-site verification of the rectification of illegal acts in some provinces, and most of the problems were well rectified, but there are still some places that do not rectify illegal acts in place.
In addition, in 2019, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage increased its law enforcement supervision efforts, and conducted law enforcement monitoring in five cities through satellite remote sensing in Shanghai, Mudanjiang, Henan Anyang, Hubei Shiyan and Chongqing, and found 97 problems, of which 34 cases were filed and administrative penalties were imposed according to law, and 63 cases were ordered to be corrected and restored. Some problems are still being rectified.
Chen Peijun said that the safety of cultural relics is ultimately a prevention work. The State Administration of Cultural Heritage has always put early warning and prevention in the first place, aiming to treat and prevent at the source. The reporter learned that in 2019, the national and provincial financial investment was 1.46 billion yuan, and 469 safety protection projects of state security units were arranged; of which 680 million yuan was invested in fire protection projects and 170 fire protection projects were arranged. In 2019, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and the Ministry of Emergency Management successively carried out a large-scale inspection of cultural relics fire safety and a special rectification action of fire hazards, twice checked more than 148,000 cultural and cultural institutions, found more than 154,000 safety hazards and problems, and supervised and rectified more than 135,000 places; requested the State Council Safety Committee to supervise the listing and supervision of 33 cultural and cultural institutions with major fire hazards, and have basically completed rectification.
"The safety of cultural relics is always a starting point." Chen Peijun said: It is now the middle of winter, the weather is dry and dry, and the use of fire and electricity in production and life has increased sharply. At the same time, the Spring Festival holiday is about to usher in, the passenger flow of museums and cultural relics protection units has increased, the number of fire triggers has increased, and the pressure of prevention and control has increased, and fire prevention and control is an important task and urgent work of the current cultural relics safety work. "'It is better to be ten defenses and nine empty, not in case of failure' 'It is better to listen to the scolding beforehand than to hear the cries afterwards', and strive to eliminate fire accidents in the bud at the beginning of the day and before they become disasters." Chen Peijun said. (Guangming Daily all-media reporter Li Yun)
Reporter's Quick Comment:
Civil air defense, technical defense, and absent-mindedness are all busy in vain
Heritage fires, 21 in 2019!
The safety of cultural relics is the bottom line of cultural relics work. Every year, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage tirelessly carries out various activities such as special inspections, special rectification, and overt inspections and secret visits, in order to keep the bottom line. However, the data in front of us tells us a grim reality: the fire safety of cultural relics has not received the attention it deserves.
Some cultural relics units have fire hazards such as inadequate safety management, the use of open flames in cultural relics buildings, irregular use of electricity, random piling of flammable and combustible materials, and lack of good maintenance of fire fighting facilities and equipment. Some cultural relics opening units have weak safety awareness, daily management is not in place, personnel are not on duty, inspections are not timely, fire hazards and safety loopholes are ignored, and unsafe behavior of visiting and touring personnel is left unsafe, and even some cultural relics unit staff smoke in ancient buildings or cultural relics repair sites.
Every cultural relics protection unit has a protection plan, and the plan must contain the content of fire safety. However, the long-term "peace and quiet" has made some people forget the sword of Damocles overhead, and the planning is only "hanging on the wall".
It is true that after each fire, fire safety has become the first priority, and the relevant departments will increase the intensity of safety management, the density of fire safety hazard investigation, and areas with similar situations will also tighten the nerves of safety. Increase manpower, purchase fire fighting equipment, build fire fighting facilities... For a time, various measures were launched. The meeting that should have been convened has been held, the area for inspection has been inspected, the fines that should be paid have been paid, the regulations that should be formulated have been set, the provisions of the regulations that should be posted have been posted on the wall, and some have even purchased new equipment and set up full-time security officer posts. Then, the wind of fire safety special management passed, coupled with the sound of safe and sounding gongs sounded day by day, so the tense nerves relaxed and the knife and gun entered The Kuma Andang Mountain. It was often at this time that the sword of Damocles fell.
Civil air defense, technical defense, and absent-mindedness are all busy in vain! No matter how good the safety system and the most advanced fire fighting equipment, if we do not grasp the implementation and neglect the management, the tragedy of the National Museum of Brazil and Notre Dame cathedral in France may be staged in China. Can these 21 fires in 2019 reawaken those safety nerves that are almost asleep? (Li Yun)