Zhu Youjue: In the historical records, the only birth mother in Chinese history was the emperor who was a prostitute
Text/Lao Zhang is on the road
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was a period of great division in Chinese history. This title comes from the New History of the Five Dynasties, which is a combination of the Five Dynasties (907-960) and the Ten Kingdoms (902-979).
The five dynasties are liang, tang, jin, han, and five dynasties, namely "Zhu Lishi Liu Guo, Liang Tang Jin Han Zhou", in order to distinguish them from the previous dynasties of the same name, the history is called Later Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han and Later Zhou. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin established the Northern Song Dynasty, and the five dynasties ended.
Almost at the same time, there were ten kingdoms in the south: Southern Wu, Wuyue, Former Shu, Houshu, Min, Southern Han, Nanping, Machu, Southern Tang, and Northern Han, that is, "Wu Tang Wuyue before and after Shu, and the two Han Dynasties and Fujian Pingchu". The Northern Han Dynasty was the only one of the Ten Kingdoms in the north, and was founded by Liu Qi, the younger brother of Liu Zhiyuan, the ancestor of the Later Han Dynasty. After Zhao Kuangyin established the Song Dynasty, he and his brother Song Taizong swept away the crowds one after another, and finally attacked the Northern Han In 979, basically unifying the whole country and ending the Ten Kingdoms.
In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Zhu Wen was the earliest to be called emperor (although Yang Xingmi of Southern Wu was called King of Wu in 902, he was not called emperor).
(Warlords of the Late Tang Dynasty)
01
In August of the first year of Tianyou (904), Zhu Wen instructed Zhu Yougong of the Left Dragon Wu Commandery, Shu Chun and Jiang Xuanhui of the Right Dragon Wu Commandery to take advantage of the darkness of the night and lead their troops into the Inner Palace in the name of entering the palace and killing Tang Zhaozong.
After the death of Emperor Zhaozong of Tang, Zhu Wenli, the second son of Emperor Zhaozong and the ninth son, Li Tao, became emperor at the age of 13 and was known as Emperor Ai of Tang. In April of the fourth year of Tianyou (907), after Zhu Wen was ostensibly persuaded by the Tang chancellor Zhang Wenwei to lead hundreds of officials, he accepted the Tang Emperor's throne, officially becoming the emperor, changing his name to Zhu Huang, changing his name to Yuan Kaiping and the state name of Daliang.
Zhu Wen proclaimed himself empress dowager, and Shengbei Prefecture was made Kaifeng Prefecture (present-day Kaifeng, Henan), built as the Eastern Capital, and Luoyang, the Eastern Tang Capital, as the Western Capital. The 17-year-old Emperor of Tang became the King of Jiyin and moved to Cao Prefecture to be imprisoned in Jiyin. In February of the following year, he was killed.
At this point, a total of 22 emperors (plus Wu Zetian, Tang Ruizong Li Dan twice called emperor), and the Tang Dynasty collapsed in 289 years.
When Zhu Wen, a small born in the noon ditch of SongZhou County in the Tang Dynasty, joined the Huangchao rebel army with his second brother Zhu Cun, he probably only wanted to mix with an official and a half-post, marry a few wives and concubines, and did not expect that one day he would become emperor.
From the second year of the Tang Dynasty (875, one said from the fourth year of Qianfu) to 907, 30 years, Zhu Wen completed his counterattack from a small to the founding emperor of the Liang Dynasty.
The hesitant Zhu Wen sat on the Emperor's Dragon Chair, which made him feel a little regretful that his wife Zhang Hui did not see this day coming, and she died in the first year of Tianyou (904).
In the second year of Later Liang Kaiping (908), Zhu Wen posthumously honored his wife Zhang Hui as a concubine, and he never added an empress again. On November 23 of the second year of Qianhua (914), The late Liang Emperor Zhu Youzhen posthumously posthumously honored his birth mother Zhang Hui as Empress Yuanzhen.
According to historical records, Zhu Wen had a total of 7 sons, namely: Zhu Youyu the Prince of Chen, Zhu Youjue the Emperor of Liang, Zhu Youzhen of the Late Liang Emperor, Zhu Youzhang the Prince of Fu, Zhu Youyong the Prince of He, Zhu Youhui the Prince of Jian, and Zhu Youzi the Prince of Kang. In addition, Zhu Wen also had 4 righteous sons, namely: Zhu Youwen (formerly known as Kang Qin), Zhu Youqian (formerly known as Zhu Jian), Zhu Youqian (formerly known as Zhu Jian), Zhu Yougong (formerly known as Li Yanwei), and Zhu Yourang (formerly known as Li Qilang)
After Zhu Wen's death, a great battle began between Zhu Youjue, the deposed emperor of Liang, Zhu Youzhen, the late Liang emperor, and Zhu Youwen, the prince of Bo.
02
Zhang Hui, year of birth unknown, died in 904 AD.
Zhang Hui and Zhu Wen were fellow villagers and came from a wealthy background, and his father Zhang Rui was once the assassin of Song Prefecture (around Shangqiu). When Zhu Wen was young, he worked with his mother as a long-term worker in a landlord surnamed Liu in Xiao County, Anhui Province. At that time, Zhu Wen was not engaged in production, and promised himself heroically, most of the townspeople were very disgusted with him, and his employer Liu Chong, who also disliked him, only Liu Chong's mother was very kind to him. The reason is that Liu Mu feels that Zhu Wen is not an ordinary person and should have a great future.
History of the New Five Dynasties, Volume 1 · Liang Benji No. 1: "The emperor is strong, does not do anything to make a living, is conceited with his courage, and many people are disgusted." Revere it for its laziness, each with a cane. Only the revered mother has been pitiful since childhood. ”
Zizhi Tongjian Vol. 254: "Wen Shao was lonely and poor, and his brother Yu and Liu Chong's family in Yixiao County, who followed his mother Wang's clan, revered the number of floggings, revered his mother's sole pity, and abstained from his family: "The three extraordinary people are also people, and Ru Cao is good at meeting them." ”
Always doing nothing is not a long-term solution, Zhu Wen is brave and powerful, likes to dance knives and hold hands, he proposed to Mother Liu to give him bows and arrows and horses, he can go out hunting for the master's family.
Mother Liu agreed to this request. Zhu Wen and his second brother Zhu Cun hunted around Xiao County. One day, they went to the Songzhou territory to find a hunter, and met Zhang Hui and his mother to go to the temple to burn incense.
The poor boy Zhu Wen was shocked when he saw Zhang Hui from afar, and he heard that this young lady was the daughter of the state assassin history, and there was a sigh of Lihua before.
When Liu Xiu, the Guangwu Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was young, he was just a fallen royal family and a cloth cloth. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty records that in the beginning, Guangwu Shi Xinye, smelling the beauty of the post, was pleased with it. Later, when he arrived in Chang'an, he saw that the Jinwu chariot was very prosperous, because he sighed: "The eunuch is regarded as the Jinwu, and the wife is yin lihua." This is the origin of the allusion to Lihua's sigh.
This means that when Liu Xiu was not developed, he once went to Xinye County, Nanyang County, and there was a landlord surnamed Yin in Xinye County, "The field has more than seven hundred hectares, and the public horse servants are subordinate, and they are better than the State Jun."
Although the Yin family was very rich, they had no political power, so they sought foreign assistance and married the local eunuch Deng family. The Deng family has a son named Deng Chen, who married Liu Yuan, a girl from Linxian County, liu Yuan's younger brother is Liu Xiu, Liu Xiu and his sister and brother-in-law went to the Yin family to visit the door, so they met Yin Lihua, the miss of the Yin family. "Lihua xiu jade color, Han nu jiao zhu yan", the two have been deeply rooted in love since then.
In 14 AD, Liu Xiu was studying in Chang'an, and when he saw The luxurious motorcade of Jinwu, he sighed: "The eunuch is regarded as the jinwu, and the wife is yin lihua." ”
Zhu Wen said that with this sigh, he compared himself to Liu Xiu, the Guangwu Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and compared Zhang Hui to Yin Lihua. So everyone who heard him said that he was a toad who wanted to eat swan meat.
In the second year of Tang Zhonghe (882), Huang Chao appointed Zhu Wen as a defensive envoy to Tongzhou, and Zhu Wen conquered Tongzhou, met Zhang Hui, and married Zhang Zhanghui as a wife. Tie the knot. After Zhu Wen surrendered to Tang, Zhang Hui made lady of Wei Guo as a husband.
In February of the third year of Zhonghe (883), the Tang court appointed Zhu Wen as an envoy to the Assassination history of Bian Prefecture and the Xuanwu Army, and Zhu Wen stepped up his siege of Chang'an with various Tang armies. In April of the same year, Huang Chao withdrew from Chang'an and invaded Cai Prefecture in present-day Runan, Henan), and Tang Cai Prefecture jiedu made Qin Zongquan surrender to Huang Chao and lead troops into Chen Prefecture (陳州, in modern Huaiyang, Henan).
In July of that year, Zhu Wen entered Bian Prefecture to serve as the envoy of Jiedu, and Emperor Tang issued an edict, because Huang Chao was not at peace, and Jia Zhu Wen solicited envoys for the northeast to support Chen Prefecture.
From this year until the first year of the Dragon Age (889), Zhu Wen and Qin Zongquan fought in the Central Plains. In the spring of the first year of Guangqi (885), Emperor Qin's forces seized Bozhou and Yingzhou (present-day Fuyang, Anhui), and Zhu Wen led an army to rescue them.
03
When Zhu Wen garrisoned Bozhou, Zhang Hui did not accompany the army, and Zhu Wen, who could not bear the loneliness, summoned a prostitute to accompany him to become pregnant, and gave birth to a son, named Zhu Youjue.
Because Zhang Huisu was favored by Zhu Wen, Without Zhang Hui's permission, Zhu Wen did not dare to take the son born of this camp prostitute back to Daliang City in Biezhou.
Zhu Youjue is also known as Zhu Youqiu, small characters Yaoxi.
According to the "New Five Dynasties History", "Youjue, Taizuchu town Xuanwu, slightly Song and Bojian, and the rebellious woman Ye were born"; the "Old Five Dynasties History" records: "Youjue, the small character Yaoxi, the mother lost her surname, the prostitute of Ben Bozhou Camp"; "Zizhi Tongjian": "King Youjue, his mother Bozhou Yingxianye". "Camp prostitutes", "camp advocates", and "anti-brigade women" are all "military prostitutes" in ancient times. In the canonical records, Zhu Youjue was the only emperor in Chinese history whose birth mother was a prostitute.
When Zhu Youjue grew up, he was cunning and resourceful. He was first enfeoffed as the King of Yin, and successively commanded the left and right control cranes.
After Zhang Hui married, he bore a son, zhu Youzhen, the later emperor of the late Liang Dynasty. The murderous tyrant Zhu Wen was obedient to Zhang Hui, and the history records: "And Wen in the same state, Zhang yu was in the army, because he was treated as a woman." Wen is deeply polite with his accommodation. The meaning of this is that Zhang Hui was a person that Zhu Wen had long loved, and he was his favorite, so he treated him with courtesy and became the famous "wife management strict" among the emperors.
Zhang Hui is a wise and shrewd person, and he often advises Zhu Wen behind the scenes, "Zhang Xianming is courteous, and although Wen is a tiger and a wolf, his heart is also in the scenes." Every army that seeks a national plan must first extend its visit. ”
Because he believed in his wife's insight, Zhu Wen asked Zhang Hui whenever he could not decide on major matters. Sometimes Zhu Wen had already led his troops on the expedition, but in the middle of the way, he was caught up by the emissaries sent by Zhang Hui, saying that he was on the orders of Lady Zhang and the battle situation was unfavorable, so he asked him to quickly lead the troops back to the camp, and Zhu Wen immediately ordered the troops to return. "Or he has been out of the division, and there is something that cannot be done in the middle of the way, zhang Shiyisuke asked for a spin, and arrived as scheduled, and his trust is so heavy."
Zhang Hui also often advised her husband not to kill innocents indiscriminately, and Zhu Wen always obeyed, thus saving the lives of many soldiers.
However, Zhang Hui did not live to the day when Zhu Wen became emperor. In the first year of Emperor Zhaozong of Tang (904), Zhang Hui died of illness.
After Zhang Hui's death, Zhu Wen's nature, who was originally a small, was further exposed, indulging in eroticism and absurdity.
The history books have recorded that in the second year of Qianhua (912), Zhu Wen attacked the Hebei warlord Wang Rong, suffered a crushing defeat in Ying County, returned south to Luoyang, and stayed at the home of Zhang Quanyi for many days in Yin and Heyang Festivals in Henan. During this time in the Zhang family, Zhu Wen actually ruined all of Zhang Quanyi's wives and concubines and daughters. Zhang Jizuo, Zhang Quanyi's son, was ashamed and indignant, and at that time he wanted to kill a thief, but was dissuaded by his father Zhang Quanyi on the grounds that Zhu Wen had been a great favor to the Zhang family.
Zhu Wen not only liked to spoil the wives and daughters of the civilian and military generals under his command, but also extended his claws to his daughters-in-law. According to the "New History of the Five Dynasties", Zhu Wen often sent his sons to guard the town outside, and summoned their wives and concubines to the palace to take turns to serve, of which Zhu Youwen's wife Wang Shi was the most beautiful and naturally the most favored. When Zhu Wen was satisfied, he naturally looked at Zhu Youwen differently, and finally promised the Wang clan that he would pass the throne to Zhu Youwen after a hundred years.
Zhu Wen's eldest son Zhu Youyu (朱友裕) the Prince of Chen died early; Zhu Youwen the Prince of Bo, whose real name was Kang Qin, was Zhu Wen's adopted son, and according to the feudal ethics of passing the throne after the emperor's death, both concubines and adopted sons could not be succeeded.
To succeed him, he also had to be the second son, Zhu Youjue, and the third son, Zhu Youzhen, the Prince of Jun. Zhu Wen also understood that in order for Zhu Youwen to succeed to the throne, he must first solve Zhu Youjue, and the best way was to put him in a foreign country to prevent him from fighting for power.
"Taizu zi zhang empress collapsed, no heir room, all the sons in the town, all invited his wife to serve. Youwen's wife Wang Clan is colored and especially favored. Taizu has been ill for a long time, and Wang and Youjue's wife, Zhang Shi, often specialize in the room to serve the sick. Taizu was ill and said to Wang Shi: "I know that I can't afford it in the end, ruzhi dongdu, summon you Wen to come, and I will decide with it." 'Cover the heart and want to do it later.' It is said that Jing Xiang said: "YuJue can be with a county, and it is interesting to make it go." 'It is the history of The Thorn of Lai Prefecture with Youjue. ”
At that time, Zhu Youjue's wife Zhang Shi was also serving by Zhu Wen's side, and when he learned that Zhu Wen wanted to pass the throne to Zhu Youwen, he told Zhu Youjue about this matter: "The emperor gave the national treasure to the Wang clan and told her to summon Zhu Youwen to Tokyo, and you are going to be in a big disaster." The couple was very frightened and held their heads and cried. At this time, Zhu Youjue's groom Feng Tingchen advised Zhu Youjue: "If things are in a hurry, why don't you think of a way sooner?" ”
At this time, Zhu Youjue was the commander of the control crane capital, and the control crane was responsible for the guard work of the palace. Zhu Youjue secretly went to the Zuo Dragon and Tiger Army to consult with the unified army Han Xun, who led five hundred tooth soldiers into the palace with Zhu Youjue in the control crane guards overnight.
At night, the rebel army cut into the Wanchun Gate and arrived at Zhu Wen's palace. As soon as Zhu Wen saw Zhu Youjue bring in the soldiers, he said, "I have suspected this thief for a long time, and I hate that I didn't kill him earlier. ”
Feng Tingchen stepped forward and stabbed Zhu Wen with his sword, Zhu Wen circled around the pillar, the sword struck the pillar three times, Zhu Wen was sick because of his old age, his body was tired, and he threw himself on the bed, Feng Tingchen stabbed him with his sword, through the abdomen, and the stomach and intestines flowed out.
Zhu Youjue wrapped Zhu Wen in a mosquito net and put it in the bedroom, secretly without mourning. Zhu Youjue first took out the money from the government treasury and rewarded the courtiers and the various armies. Send Ding Zhaopu to the eastern capital with a false edict and have Zhu Youzhen, the King of Jun, kill Zhu Youwen.
Zhu Youjue also falsely passed on the edict in the name of Zhu Wen, saying: "It has been difficult to start a business for more than thirty years, and for six years for the emperor, everyone has worked hard to achieve a well-off life." Unexpectedly, Zhu Youwen plotted a different plot and would carry out a great rebellion. Yesterday, on the night of the second night, the soldiers entered the palace, thanks to Zhu Youjue's loyalty and filial piety, he led the troops to suppress the thieves and preserve the decay. However, the patient was shocked and in danger. Zhu Youjue's efforts to eliminate the rebellion were incomparable, and he should be entrusted with presiding over the major affairs of the military state. ”
On June 16, 912 (July 27, 912), Zhu Youjue ascended the throne before Zhu Wen's coffin, promoted Han Xun to the post of envoy of the Zhongwu Army, and appointed his brother Zhu Youzhen as the empress dowager of Bian Prefecture.
After Zhu Youjue ascended the throne, although a large number of rewards were given to the generals in an attempt to buy people's hearts, many people were still quite unfair, and Zhu Youjue himself was absurd, so people's hearts boiled and people's grievances abounded.
In the first year of the Feng Calendar (913), Zhu Wen's grandson Yuan Xiangxian, his son-in-law Zhao Yan (赵岩), the fourth son Zhu Youzhen (朱友贞) the Prince of Jun, plotted a coup d'état with the general Yang Shihou (杨師厚), and others. In February of the same year, Yuan Xiangxian was the first to attack and led thousands of forbidden troops into the palace, Zhu Youjue and his wife Empress Zhang ran to the downstairs of the north wall, ready to climb the city wall to escape without success, so they ordered Feng Tingchen to kill himself and Empress Zhang, and then Feng Tingchen also committed suicide and died.
After Zhu Youjue's death, Zhu Youzhen took the throne as the last emperor of Later Liang.
(The picture in this article is a network information)