During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, two monarchs were often mistaken, namely the Pre-Qin and Jin Wenhou and the Jin Wengong
Marquis Wen of Jin (805 BC – 746 BC), surnamed Ji (姬), courtesy name Qiu, son of Marquis Mu of Jin, brother of Qu Wo Huan's uncle, the eleventh monarch of the Jin Dynasty from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn Period, reigned from 780 BC to 746 BC.
Because hokking had been damaged by an earthquake and was close to external troubles such as Rong and Di, King Ping of Zhou moved the capital to Luoyi in the second year after he ascended the throne (770 BC).
The eastward migration of the Zhou Ping King is an important event for historians to divide the time period, and it is also a turning point in the national situation of the Zhou Dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty after King Ping moved his capital was called Eastern Zhou, while the period when King Wu of Zhou was founded and King You of Zhou was killed was called Western Zhou. After King Ping moved east, the kingship of Zhou Tianzi began to decline, and he could not assume the responsibility of co-lord, and the power of the princes continued to grow. Because King Ping was supported by Marquis Shen, King Ping indirectly committed the crime of killing his father and began to gain the respect of the princes. Moreover, Zhou Tianzi was unable to protect himself and resist foreign invasions, and had to rely on the protection of the princely states, causing Zhou Tianzi's status to continue to decline, and eventually forming a situation of competition for hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Marquis Wen of Jin was an outstanding monarch in the history of the Jin Dynasty, and he assisted King Ping of Zhou in moving east, killing King Zhou and contributing to the stability of the situation in the early years of Eastern Zhou, and was deeply relied upon by King Ping
Duke Wen of Jin (671 BC or 697 BC – 628 BC), surnamed Ji (姬) and given the name Chong'er, was the twenty-second monarch of the Jin State during the Spring and Autumn period of China, reigning from 636 BC to 628 BC, the son of Duke Xian of Jin, and his mother was Fox Ji. Jin Wen was the second hegemon of the Spring and Autumn Five, and was also one of the Five Hegemons of the Pre-Qin Dynasty.
The three generations of rulers of King Wu, Duke of Zhou, and King Cheng divided into seventy-one vassal states. Most of them were members of the royal family with the surname Ji, of which the Jin state was one of the princely states, which was the surname of the royal family Ji, which originated from Tang Shuyu, the younger son of King Wu of Zhou, and became a powerful state in the Spring and Autumn Period, occupying the hegemonic throne for a long time.
In 770 BC, a year after king You of Zhou was killed, the Zhou Dynasty began to move its capital.
Since Luoyi belonged to the Central Plains in the east of Hojing, the Zhou Dynasty after that was called Eastern Zhou.
For the princes who divided the feudal lords, this capital move is a great reshuffle of traditional forces, but also a major opportunity - whoever protects the royal family to move the capital can become one of the re-creators of the royal family, thus obtaining huge political benefits.
But there seemed to be not many princes who realized this at the time, and only a few sub-fiefs keenly seized the opportunity, they were:
Duke Xiang of Qin, Marquis Wen of Jin, Duke Wu of Zheng, Duke Wu of Wei.
We focus on the Jin Dynasty, which was in the north of the Zhou Dynasty, next to the Rong Di and other barbarians, and was the forefront of the resistance against the barbarians. Historically, the State of Jin sent troops to participate in the Zhou Dynasty's wars against Rong Di many times, and made many military achievements, which also made the State of Jin maintain a strong force and became the most powerful military force among the princes of the Central Plains. This is similar to the Qin state. Even hundreds of years later, the successors of the Jin state, zhao guo, wei guo, and koreans, were also very strong in military strength, and once threatened the world.
In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the ruler of the Jin State was The Marquis Wen of Jin, which was a fierce character.
Wen Hou's real name was Qiu, and his father was Marquis Mu of Jin. After Mu Hou's death, he was supposed to let his eldest son, Gongzi Qiu, inherit the throne, but Mu Hou's younger brother Uncle Yan took the lead and established himself as king. Gongzi Qiu took advantage of the chaos to escape from the Jin Dynasty. Four years later, Gongzi Qiu led his army back to the Jin Dynasty, killed his uncle, and regained power.
From this time on, the brotherly struggle for the throne and the palace coup became a "reserved repertoire" of the Jin state, which had plagued the Jin state for hundreds of years, and the Jin state had always been a country prone to civil strife, until it eventually died of civil strife, and the three families were divided into Jin.
The history of the Jin Dynasty is a history of the killing of external hegemony and internal power grabs.
We are talking about the bitter succession history of Jin Wengong
Starting from Li Ji's chaotic government, who is Li Ji? The Woman of the Jin Dynasty,
JinXian (?) —651 BC) family was large.
When he was crown prince, he had an affair with his father's concubine Qi Jiang. Qi Jiang was the daughter of Duke Huan of Qi.
Qi Jiang gave birth to a son and a daughter: Shen Sheng and Mu Ji.
Xiangong and Qi Jiang are also true love. After his father's death, he made Qi Jiang his wife and Li Shensheng the crown prince.
Qi Jiang died early, and later Xiangong married two women from the rong tribe, and they gave birth to heavy ears and Yiwu respectively.
Later, The Duke went on a crusade against Li Rong, another tribe of rong people. After the victory of Gong Xiangong, Rong Ren dedicated him to two beautiful women, two sisters- the older sister was called Li Ji, who gave birth to Xi Qi; the younger sister gave birth to Zhuozi.
Gong Xian had a total of eight sons, the most famous of which were these five: Shen Sheng, Zhong'er, Yiwu, Xi Qi, and Zhuozi.
Li Ji is charming and charming, and is very favored by the devotee. Therefore, Gong Xian promoted her to a lady, and he also liked Xi Qi very much, and gradually he had the idea of making Xi Qi the crown prince.
But here's a big problem:
Xiangong was already older when he married Li Ji, so the age gap between Xi Qi and Zhuo Zi and the three older brothers was very large.
When the three sons went around fighting for national merit, Xi Qi and Zhuo Zi were still children.
The three princes had a high popularity in the imperial court, and each of them cultivated a group of his own henchmen. And Xi Qi simply did not have his own political power.
Xiangong and Li Ji wanted to establish Xi Qi, but they were first seriously hindered by the hundred officials of the imperial court. What's more, in people's hearts, it is not in accordance with the rules to abolish the long and young.
The history books describe the whole process of Li Ji, a demon girl, who seized power with a treacherous plan-
It is said that Li Ji had been thinking about how to help Xi Qi to the position of prince all day, so she tried her best to frame Prince Shensheng.
The first step was to move the three sons out of the center of power. She colluded with two of The Jin Dynasty's courtiers, Liang Wu and Dongguan Gong, and asked them to say to gong Xiangong: "Quwo is the seat of the JinGuozong Temple, and Puyi and Quyi are important border towns, and the most trusted people of the great king must be sent to guard the town." Three males are the most suitable. ”
Gong Xian listened to them and sent Crown Prince Shensheng to administer Quwo, and Zhong'er and Yiwu to administer Puyi and Quyi respectively. Among them, Puyi is close to the State of Qin, and Quyi is close to the State of Zhai.
Later, the other princes were also transferred one after another, leaving only Xi Qi and Zhuo Zi to stay in the capital City.
After the princes left the center of power, it was difficult to communicate with the courtiers, and they could not rely on the power of the DPRK.
The most important of the courtiers was Rick. He was the main member of Shensheng's party and had always insisted on The Crown Prince of Baosheng.
Li Ji continued to blow the wind around Xiangong.
Soon after, Xiangong divided the Army of the Jin State into two armies, with himself commanding the Shangjun and Shen Sheng commanding the Lower Army. Shen Sheng led the army to conquest everywhere and made great achievements. The Gonggong rewarded him, made him Shangqing, and sent someone to help him build a city in Quwo.
At that time, someone said to the prince, "The great king has pushed you to the highest position of a human subject, so how can he make you a king in the future?" This is obviously not to let you inherit the throne. You might as well run away from the country now and leave a good reputation. ”
Shen Sheng did not listen to him and continued to stay in China.
Li Ji has been trying her best to slander Shen Sheng, but on the surface she has always praised him for his virtue.
Once, Xiangong talked to Li Ji about wanting to depose the crown prince. Li Ji immediately knelt down and cried, "Great King Mingjian! Shen Sheng made many military achievements, and the people liked him very much. Now everyone knows that he is going to inherit the throne, and if he is deposed, will the concubines not be scolded by the people of the world? If the king insists on deposing the prince, the concubine is willing to commit suicide to advise the king! ”
Xiangong hurriedly lifted her up and said, "Aiji's words are serious! ”
Li Ji's private activities are non-stop. Xiangong was seduced by Li Ji and others, and became more and more disliked the prince.
Later, Gong Xian ordered Shen Sheng to go on a crusade against the Gāo clan of Dongshanao. When Rick saw this, he went to the Gong Gong's side to spy on the wind.
He said to Xiangong: "According to the ancients, the prince was also called Tsukasa, and his duty was to take care of the Zongmiao Sheji, and to care for the army on the outside, and to supervise the country on the inside. As for leading the troops to fight, this was a matter for the king and the ministers, and it was not appropriate to let the prince go. ”
Xiangong replied, "I have so many sons, I haven't decided who will succeed to the throne." ”
Rick listened to this, said nothing, and silently withdrew.
Shen Sheng was waiting outside, and when he saw Rick come out, he quickly went up and asked, "What did the Great King say?" Am I going to be scrapped? ”
Rick said nonchalantly, "Where?" The most worrying thing for a son is that he is not filial enough, and who is worried that he will not be able to inherit the throne? The prince went back, improved his virtue well, and did not think about anything else. ”
Since then, Rick has been secretly alienating Shen Sheng. Shen Sheng went to fight against the Gao Luo clan, and he also pretended to be ill and could not go.
Seeing that Shen Sheng was gradually isolated, Li Ji felt that the time had come to start.
One day in 656 BC, Li Ji secretly sent someone to Quwo and said to Shen Sheng, "The Great King dreamed of your mother Qi Jiang a few days ago. You'd better sacrifice your mother in Quwo as soon as possible, and then bring the sacrificial meat back to the king. ”
Shen Sheng listened to the consequences and did so, personally sending the sacrificial meat to The City for the sacrifice to eat. On that day, the sacrifice was good to go out hunting, and the sacrificial meat was placed in the palace, and Li Ji sent someone to secretly poison the meat.
Two days later, the sacrificial servant returned from hunting, and the cook offered the cooked sacrificial meat. Xiangong just wanted to eat it, and Li Ji said next to him, "Wait! King, this meat was sent outside the palace, for the sake of safety, or a priori before eating. ”
So he threw the meat on the ground, and white smoke soon appeared on the ground; a piece of meat was thrown for the dog to eat, and the dog spat out white foam and died after a few bites. The people around them were frightened and their faces changed suddenly.
Li Ji pounded her chest and burst into tears: "Oh my God, there is such a thing in the world!" The prince wanted to kill his father in order to seize the throne! The king is old, and in a few years the throne will not be his? Why rush into this? I know that the prince did this because he was not accustomed to us mother and son, and the king still hurried to drive our mother and son out of the country; or you would kill us, lest we fall into the hands of the prince! I kept speaking for him, and it turned out that I was looking at the wrong person! ”
Xiangong was trembling with anger, and immediately killed Shen Sheng's teacher and sent someone to arrest Shen Sheng. Shen Sheng heard about this outside and quickly fled back to Quwo.
Qu Wo's people advised Prince Shensheng: "All this is Li Ji's trickster, Prince, you hurry up and argue with the monarch." ”
Shen Sheng replied, "When my father is old, he can't do without Li Ji for a moment; if he makes a fuss and abolishes Li Ji, his father will be very sad." Let me bear the blame for this crime. ”
The next person said, "Or will you flee abroad?" ”
Shen Sheng said: "I am charged with murdering my father, which country will take me in?" Needless to say. ”
He had given up resistance completely.
The imperial decree was quickly issued on the other side of the city- to give the prince death! Shen Sheng was forced to commit suicide in Quwo.
Soon after, Xi Qi was made crown prince—and Li Ji finally achieved her goal.
In the winter of 656 BC, Shen Sheng committed suicide, and Li Ji and Xi Qi's mother and son won the battle for the throne in the harem.
This result is most likely Jin Xiangong's own intention. From the beginning of transferring the three princes out of the capital, Xiangong was trying to weaken the power of the three princes, until the final time was ripe to force the prince to commit suicide. This series of combination punches is clearly planned.
The root cause of all the tragedies is the one mentioned earlier: Xi Qi's age is too young.
The Duke of Xian must kill or drive away several adult sons to ensure that the younger son sits firmly on the throne, otherwise he will not be at ease.
He was not faint, he was very refined.
Of course, later the development of events exceeded Xiangong's expectations, and when Prince Shensheng committed suicide, Both Zhong'er and Yiwu were in Daicheng, and they all understood as soon as they heard the news. The two men fled, and quickly rushed back to their fiefdoms of Puyi and Quyi, and mobilized their own forces to defend themselves tightly, preparing to resist the attack from The city.
Duke Xiangong of Jin had already made up his mind that the two princes must be eliminated!
A group of killers from Daicheng then arrived, led by the eunuch Bó dī. This side of the heavy ear is not ready, it is too late! He wanted to rush out, but the house was already surrounded by soldiers, so he had to rush to the backyard and climb over the wall to escape. The sword chased after him and rushed to the wall, but only cut off a section of the sleeve of the heavy ear.
QuYi's side was also under siege, but Yiwu's army was stronger, and for a time it blocked the attack of the government army.
Zhong'er eventually fled to Zhai Guo, which was the motherland of him and Yiwu's mother.
When Xiangong heard the news of the disobedience of the two princes, he was furious and launched a large army to attack QuYi. Qu Yi could not hold on no matter how hard he was, and was finally defeated, and the people scattered and fled.
Yiwu also wanted to flee to zhai kingdom. His minister, xì ruì, stopped him and said, "Heavy ears are already in the state of Zhai, and if you go again, the state of Jin will definitely send troops to fight the state of Zhai, and the state of Zhai will not be able to stop the army of the state of Jin." We might as well go to the State of Liang, which is next to the State of Qin, and after the death of Gong Xian, you can ask the State of Qin to send you back to the throne. ”
YiWu thought he had a point and fled with them to Liangguo.
Originally, Xiangong sent the two princes to a distant frontier city, originally to isolate them, but he did not expect to facilitate their escape at a critical moment.
It was a major mistake for Xiangong not to catch all three princes at once; perhaps he was afraid that the supporters of the three princes would unite to rebel and wanted to break them all, but this gave Shigeo and Yiwu time to escape.
In this way, Xi Qi's position is unstable. The turmoil in the Jin Dynasty was not over, but Xiangong and Li Ji had no choice, they had already done everything they could for Xi Qi.
When Zhong'er fled, he also took with him a group of subordinates, a total of dozens of people, the most important of whom were: Fox Mao, Fox Yan (yǎn), Zhao Wan (cuī), Xianxun (zhěn), Xu (xū) chen, qianjie (jié), Wei Mao (chōu), and meson Tui.
These are the talents he has gathered for decades, the elite of the Jin Dynasty, and they are very capable.
Among them, fox hair and fox yan are uncles with heavy ears, who also came from Zhai Kingdom;
Zhao Wan, Xu Chen, and Jie Zitui were strategists;
Xianxun was a marshal; Qianjie and Wei Yi were fierce generals.
The group fled to zhai together. At that time, it was necessary to have enough courage to take in heavy ears, and Zhai Guo took great risks to take them in because they were the grandmother's family with heavy ears.
Two years later, the Jin army came to arrest Zhong'er, and Zhai Guo desperately resisted. The Jin army did not take advantage of it and had to withdraw.
Such a heavy ear is temporarily safe, and he will live in Zhai Guochang.
Once, the Zhai army attacked a Chidi tribe called Qiáng gāo rú (Zhai Guo himself was a Di person, belonging to Bai Di), captured two daughters of their patriarch, Shu Kui (uncle kui) and Ji Kui, and married Ji Kui to Zhong'er and Shu Kui to Zhao Wan. Later, Shu Kui gave birth to a son named Zhao Dun, who had a major influence on the history of the Jin Dynasty.