Joseon Dynasty (IX): Joseon Myejong
Joseon Yejong (Korean: 조선 예종/Joseon Yejong; 1450 – 31 December 1469) was the 8th monarch of Lee Joseon, reigning from 1468 to 1469. Name Lee Hyun (Korean: 이황/Lee 晄 Yi Gwang), temple name Ruizong, courtesy name Xiang Mourning King Ofe Myeongbu Shōgun Wu Yi Ren Shōshō, was buried in Goyang Changling.
Li Yu was born in the private residence of the Prince of Shouyang on the first day of the first lunar month of the first year of Jingtai (1450), and when he was six years old, his father Li Yu, the Prince of Shouyang, succeeded to the throne as the ancestor of the family, and Li Yu was also given the title of Prince of Haiyang. In September of the first year of Tianshun (1457), his elder brother Shizi Li Hui died, and both of his sons were very young. In order to consolidate his power, Shizu decided to make Li Yu the prince of The Crown Prince, and on December 15, he held a canonization ceremony. Shizu then sent Han Mingxun and Gu Zhikuan to the Ming Dynasty to request the canonization, and Emperor Mingyingzong approved it. In April of the fourth year of Tianshun (1460), he married han Mingxun's daughter as Wang Shizi's concubine (Queen Zhangshun). In November of the following year, Shizi's concubine Han Shi gave birth to his grandson Li Dung, but Han died not long after the birth of Yuan Sun, and Yuan Sun Li Fei also died at the age of three. After the death of Shizi's concubine Han Shi, Li Yuna's daughter Han Boyi was Zhaoxun (Queen Anshun) and gave birth to two sons and two daughters (one son and one daughter died prematurely).
When Li Yu was a shizi, he attached great importance to learning, insisting on three lectures every day, even in the middle of summer and winter, without interruption. In October of the second year of Chenghua (1466), Shizu ordered his son Li Yu to participate in the battle. Li Yu handled government affairs with ease, "listening to Ming Yun", Shizu Xi said: "Entrust people, I have no worries!" On September 7, the fourth year of Chenghua (1468), Shizu was critically ill, and the legend was located in Li Yu, and he died the next day. On the fourth day of the leap february of the fifth year of Chenghua (1469), the eunuchs Choi An and Shen Xun sent by Emperor Myeonghyeonjong to crown Li Yu as king of Joseon with edicts and crowns.
As soon as Li Yu succeeded to the throne, the "Prison of Nanyi" occurred. In his later years, shizu became a new nobleman with his nephew Li Jun and Nam Yi (great-grandson of Emperor Taizong of Joseon and grandson of Princess Jeongsan) through the suppression of Li Shi'ai's rebellion, and Sezu used them to contain han Minghun, Shen Shuzhou and other old courtiers, so on the eve of Sezu's death, Guicheng Jun and Nan Yi both became the consul and the bing cao judge at the age of twenty-eight. Among them, although Nanyi is known for its bravery and good war, she is wild, eating meat during the national mourning, and even has rumors of adultery with her mother, which has aroused dissatisfaction, and Li Yu is also "deeply jealous" of Nanyi. In October of the fourth year of Chenghua (1468), Nanyi's comrade-in-arms Liu Ziguang denounced Nanyi for plotting against him and wanted to eliminate the old courtiers. Li Yu then arrested Nan Yi and tortured him severely, and Nan Yi confessed to plotting rebellion after being tortured and bruised, and confessed that the famous general Kang Chun and others were accomplices, and finally Li Yu split Nan Yi, Kang Chun and nine other people, and Nan Yi's mother was also split up for adultery with her son.
Regarding the "Prison of Nanyi" at the beginning of Li Yu's succession, later historians believe that "some of the courtiers were wary of the expansion of the power of the royal family and the warlords, and Li Yu tried to strengthen the royal power, and the political interests of both sides were the same, so as to plan this prison." In fact, they are tit-for-tat politically, vying for dominance after the new king takes the throne, with no room for reconciliation or compromise. At the time of the change of supremacy, everyone will be cautious, but the arrogant and rash Nan Yi does not care, and the warriors around him also do not know how to act cautiously, so they cannot unite with each other. As a result, this lack of political acumen gave the opposition sufficient political legitimacy, and such a bloodshed ensued. From a third-party perspective, this is an incident that Nami confessed. Thereafter, politics transitioned into the hands of courtiers centered on civilian subjects. As for Nan Yi being falsely murdered because his writing "Boy Twenty Unpeaceful Country" was tampered with by Liu Ziguang as "Undefeated Country", it is a folk rumor and is not trustworthy.
After Li Xuan succeeded to the throne, he began to revise the "Records of the Great King of Shizu", and when collecting the original records of "Shi Cao", Li Fu asked to write the names of the historical officials who recorded Shi Cao, one of whom was a historical official named Min Chu, who had been a historical official in the Shizu Dynasty, had recorded that Han Mingxun was suspected of plotting rebellion during The Rebellion of Li Shi'ai, and when he heard that Shi Cao had implemented the "real-name system", he was shocked and worried about offending xun chen, so he asked Li Renxi, the historian of the Spring and Autumn Museum, to take out the shi cao he had written, and Li Renxi said that he did not care about this matter, and said that Kang Zhicheng and others were responsible for managing Shi Cao. Believing that he had a close relationship with Kang Zhicheng, Min Chui sent a message to Kang Zhicheng through Cui Mingsun, and Kang Zhicheng agreed to give him the history written by Min Chui, and Min Chu deleted and revised the parts involving Han Minghun, Shen Shuzhou, Liang Chengzhi, Hong Yuncheng, and other courtiers. In late April of the fifth year of Chenghua (1469), the matter was discovered by other historians and reported to Li Yu. Enraged, Li Fu personally interrogated Min Chu, and also implicated kang Zhicheng, Li Renxi, Cui Mingsun, Yuan Shukang (Zhishu Shizu Good Buddha) and many other historical officials. Emperor Ruizong accused them of "pushing the prime minister (Xun Chen) and scorning the people and the king", and beheaded Kang and Yuan for the crime of deceiving the king. Min Chu said that he was the only son, begged for his life, and bluntly said that he had committed this crime because he was afraid of xunchen, so Li Yu decided to spare him a death, changed it to a hundred staffs, issued Jeju, and was forever an official slave, and Choi Mingsun and Li Renxi were also sentenced to a hundred staffs and sent to hongxiang to charge the army. This incident reflected the great power of the Xunchen and also showed Ruizong's determination to strengthen the king's power.
Li Yu has suffered from a foot disease since childhood, and his feet have slight itching, and he is in pain as soon as he arrives in winter. Therefore, in the winter of the fifth year of Chenghua (1469), he did not pay attention to things, and on November 18, Li Yu proposed to personally test the samurai and scribes. However, ten days later, Lee died at the age of twenty, and his life expectancy was second only to that of the monarchs of the Joseon Dynasty. On the day of Xue's death, Shen Shuzhou said: "The minister is waiting outside, but the smell is not peaceful, it is not said that it is so far." Queen Zhenxi also said: "When you are sick, you will give it every day, so how dare you do so if you are seriously ill, and if you are not very worried, now and even here, you will be safe?" Subsequently, Queen Zhenxi thought that Li Yu's son (Li Xuan, the Prince of Qi'an) was young, and that Yueshan Jun, the eldest son of Yi Jingshi's son Li Xuan, was ill again, so she chose Yi Jingshizi's second son Li Yan (乽山君李娎) to succeed him. Li Yu was posthumously honored with the title of Ruizong (瑞宗) and was buried in Changling (昌陵).
Joseon Seongjong (Korean: 조선 성종/Dynasty Sungjong Joseon Seongjong; 19 August 1457 – 20 January 1495) was the 9th monarch of the Joseon Dynasty, reigning from 1469 to 1494. 娎娎 (Korean: 이혈/李娎 Yi Hyeol), courtesy name Chengzong,Rémyō Kangjingren (康靖仁文文武沁) was buried in Xuanling, Guangzhou.
King Seongjong of Joseon was born on July 30, 1457, the first year of the reign of Emperor Seongsun (1457), the birth mother of Queen Choe Hye (Princess Renju), and more than a month after his birth, his father Yi Jingshizi (Dejong of Joseon) passed away, and the throne of Wang Shizi was inherited by his uncle Lee Seom (i.e., Chosun Seomjong), and Seongjong was given the title of Jeongsan Jun by his grandfather Joseon Sejong (regarding Sejong Shilu and Ruizong Shilu as the original title of Seongjong, Sejong Shilu and Ruizong Shilu as Ershan Jun, and the other version is 乽山君, based on the record of Chengzong Shilu).
On November 28, 1469, in the fifth year of Myeongseongwa (1469), Emperor Ruizong of Joseon, because of the early death of his eldest son and the young age of his second son, Wasjong was located at the Qinzheng Gate of Gyeongbokgung Palace on the order of his grandmother, Queen Jeonggyeon, and after taking the throne, he posthumously named his father Yi Jingshizi as Deokjong (Dejong of Joseon) and his mother Han (Queen Chohyee) as Princess Incheon.
After King Seongjong of Joseon ascended the throne, he was always under the command of Queen Jeonggye, who ascended the throne at a young age, and at that time gave lectures to the king as an anti-Sejong Confucian priest, who abolished the Buddhist rituals in the palace of Joseon Sejong and Joseon Seojong and other abnormal phenomena in the life of the imperial court. The poor young master had to attend classes two to four times a day on a strict schedule. In addition to giving lectures to the king, the Spring and Autumn Hall was also expanded into an advisory body. As usual, the king was instilled in a large number of Confucian ideas every day, so the state's support for Buddhism gradually decreased, and the Law of The Monkhood was promulgated.
In the tenth year of Myeongseongwa (1474), the Ming court heeded the request of the Joseon side to posthumously honor Seongjong Lee's father, Li Hui, as the king of Joseon, with the courtesy name Huaijian and his mother Han as a princess of Joseon.
In April of the eleventh year of Ming Chenghua (1475), Emperor Chengzong li wooed the Ming court, and the Jianzhou Jurchen Department entangled Mao Pi and other guards who constantly invaded the korean border, begging the Ming Dynasty to intervene to stop the Jianzhou Jurchens.
In the twelfth year of Ming Chenghua (1476), Chengzong began to pro-government. In October, Emperor Chengzong requested a seal for his stepwife Yin Shi, and the Ming court gave her a crown dress. At that time, the Ming Dynasty banned border trade, and Chengzong Li Saidang said: "Korea is a small state, with Jurchen tribes in the north and Japan in the south, and the supply of troops cannot be lacking." The horns needed to make bows all depend on Daming. When Ming Taizu was rewarded with gunpowder and artillery, he now hopes to grant us permission to buy bow horns and not ban them all like others. "The Ming Dynasty military department rewarded the purchase and sale of bow horns with Korea fifty times a year, and if it was insufficient, it could buy more."
In October of the fifteenth year of Ming Chenghua (1479), the Ming Dynasty ordered Chengzong to cooperate with the troops to attack the Jurchens of Jianzhou. Emperor Chengzong sent his troops to the Manpo River with Uyonumuma, but the rising water delayed the date. Later, he also sent Zuo Huizheng Yin Bishang and Jiedu envoy Jin Yu to cross the river to attack.
In the spring of the sixteenth year of Myeongseong-hwa (1480), Emperor Seongjong of Joseon sent his vassals to the Ming Dynasty to perform victory, and Emperor Myeongseonjong Ordered the internal officials to reward the meritorious personnel of Korea and give them many gold coins. After the envoys returned to Korea, the Ming court sent the minister Xu Xi to accompany the envoys. When Xu Xi returned to China and arrived in Kaizhou, the two thousand cavalry of the Jianzhou Jurchens blocked the way and robbed more than thirty of their entourage and more than 230 warhorses. After Xu Xi played the Ming Court, the British Gongzhang Mao and the official Shangshu Yin Min, in the name of Liaodong's continuous use of troops, said that they could not easily mobilize troops against the Jianzhou Jurchens, and wanted to tell this decision to King Seongjong of Joseon.
In the seventeenth year of Ming Chenghua (1481), Emperor Chengzong played the Ming Dynasty, and succeeded concubine Yin Shi to lose her morality, deposed her, and requested that the deputy Yin Clan be crowned as a princess. The Ming dynasty granted Joseon Sungjong's request. In April of the nineteenth year of Ming Chenghua (1482), the Ming Dynasty made Li Long, the eldest son of Li Wei, the son of the ming dynasty.
On December 24, the seventh year of myung-hongzhi (1494), Emperor Sungjong of Joseon built a temple in Changdeokgung Palace, reigning for twenty-five years and the Spring and Autumn Period 38. The Ming Dynasty gave him the title of "KangJing" (文好樂曰康; 宽樂令終曰靖), the Dingshi Room, and the burial of the Xuanling Tomb in Guangzhou.
Yeonsan Gun ?; 1476–1506), courtesy name Lee (Korean: 이융/李㦕 Yi Yung), courtesy name Wusangjin, was the 10th monarch of the Joseon Dynasty, reigning from 1494 to 1506. The great-grandson of the 7th monarch, the half-brother of the 11th monarch, and the second deposed king in the history of the Joseon Dynasty after Duanzong (Lushanjun).
Yan shanjun was born to the deposed concubine Yin and was the eldest son of Emperor Chengzong. Yin was originally a step-concubine of Emperor Chengzong, but because of his extremely strong jealousy, he not only intended to kill the palace maid who was related to Emperor Chengzong, but also injured Emperor Chengzong's face, so he was deposed in the tenth year of Emperor Chengzong (1479), when Yanshanjun was 3 years old. In the thirteenth year of Chengzong (1482), Yin was given a death pill, so Yanshan Jun was actually raised by Queen Zhenxian.[b][c]
When Yan Shanjun was 7 years old (1483), he was given the title of Prince Shizi. He had a rough personality and had an aversion to reading since childhood, and some people thought that he was not suitable as the heir to the throne. Although Emperor Chengzong also believed that Yanshan Jun was not enough to succeed to the throne, he still did not make a decision to depose the concubine. In 1494, Emperor Chengzong passed away and was succeeded by Wang Shizi Yanshanjun.
Influenced by Queen Zhenxian, who believed in Buddhism, Yanshan Jun disliked Confucian culture and often clashed with hundreds of officials who revered Confucianism. During the reign of Yanshan Jun, there were two scourges, namely the Pengwu Shi Disaster in 1498 and the Jia zi Shi Scourge in 1504. The cause of the Jiazi shi disaster was that Yan Shanjun listened to the rumors of his foreign relative Ren Shihong and hunted down and killed the people involved in the case with his birth mother Yin Shiyi. YanShanjun often played around with officials and prostitutes, and tortured the ministers one by one, and was the most vicious and ruthless monarch of the Joseon Dynasty.
In 1506, after Emperor Zhongzong rebelled, Yanshanjun was deposed by Cheng Xiyan, Park Wonjong and other courtiers, and was exiled to Ganghwa Island, where he died of illness two months later at the age of 30. Because he was deposed as a tyrant, he did not have a temple number, a honorific title, a courtesy name, a tomb name, etc.
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