Description: Penaeus vanname is a shrimp family, shrimp species.
Adults are up to 23 cm long, have thin carapaces, are normally bluish blue or light blue-gray, and have no markings all over the body. The foot is often chalky,000, so it is known as a white-limbed shrimp. The length of the frontal tip of Penaeus vannamei is not more than 2 segments of the 1st antennal shank, and its tooth pattern is 5 to 9/2 to 4; The cephalothorax is shorter, with a ratio of about 1:3 to the abdomen; The lateral sulcus of the frontal horn is short and disappears under the spines of the stomach; Cephalothoracic nails with liver spines and gill horn spines; Pronounced liver spines; The first tentacle has a double whip, the inner whip is thinner than the outer whip, roughly equal in length, but both are short (about 1/3 of the length of the first tentacle shank); The upper limbs of the 1st to 3rd pairs of stepping feet are very developed, the 4th to 5th pairs of stepping feet have no upper limbs, and the 5th pairs of step feet have rudimentary outer limbs; The 4th to 6th segments of the abdomen have a dorsal ridge; The caudal segment has a central groove but does not have marginal spines.
The natural habitat of Penaeus vannamei is a muddy seabed with a water depth of 0 to 72 meters. Adult shrimp mostly live in coastal waters closer to the shore, while juvenile shrimp prefer to forage in the bait-rich estuarine area. Penaeus vannamei is an omnivorous species that can feed on organic detritus in ponds in captivity, requiring a higher curing rate of feed. The demand for animal food is not very strict for Penaeus vannamei, as long as the proportion of protein in the bait component is more than 20%, it can grow normally. Native to the pacific coast of South America, it is mainly distributed in the tropical waters of the Pacific coast in the western United States, from the Gulf of Mexico to central Peru, and is more concentrated in the sea near Ecuador.
Penaeus vannamei is one of the three most cultured shrimp species in the world today. South American white shrimp is native to the Pacific coast of South America, Professor Zhang Weiquan of the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences took the lead in introducing this shrimp from the United States, and broke through the seedling barrier in 1992, from small to medium test until the promotion of aquaculture throughout the country. At present, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hebei and other provinces or autonomous regions have gradually promoted aquaculture, Tianjin Hangu District Yangjiapo Town culture of South American white shrimp world-famous, has "China's fish and shrimp town" reputation, which belongs to the South American white pair
Shrimp technology is the most mature.
South American white shrimp meat is delicious, the processing rate of meat can be as high as 67%, a wide temperature range, can be grown at 18-32 °C, the salt range is also wide, can be grown under the salinity of 1-40 ‰ conditions, is an excellent desalinated breeding species. Penaeus vannamei grows fast and has strong disease resistance, and has gradually become the main farmed shrimp species in southern China.
In Xiamen, Beihai, Nanning and Guangzhou in China, shrimp fry, shrimp arvedics or broodstock are supplied.
The length of the tip of the frontal horn does not exceed the second section of the 1st antennal handle, and its tooth pattern is 7-9/1-2; the cephalothorax is shorter, about 1:3 than the abdomen of Penaeus vannamei; the frontal horn is shorter than that of pentaseus vanishing below the stomach; the cephalothorax has liver spines and gill horns; and the liver is pronounced;
The first antennae have a double whip, the inner whip is slenderer than the outer whip, roughly equal in length, but both are short (about 1/3 of the length of the first tentacle stalk); the upper limbs of the l-3 pair of step feet are very developed, the 4th-5 pairs of step feet have no upper limbs, the fifth pair of step feet have rudimentary outer limbs; the 4th and 6th segments of the abdomen have dorsal ridges; and the caudal segments have a central groove, but do not have marginal ridges.
Penaeus vannamei is native to the pacific coastal waters of the Americas, mainly from northern Peru to the Gulf Coast, with Ecuador along the South American white pair
Shrimp shore distribution is the most concentrated. Penaeus vannamei has the advantages of large individual, fast growth, low nutritional requirements, strong disease resistance, strong adaptability to changes in water environment factors, low requirements for feed protein content, meat yield rate of more than 65%, long survival time from water, etc., is an excellent species of intensive high-yield aquaculture, and is currently the world's three major farmed shrimp shrimp with the highest single yield. South American white shrimp shell thin fat, delicious meat, high meat content, rich in nutrients.
White shrimp fry:
For the stocking of shrimp fry, in order to ensure that the grow-out can obtain good results, in addition to the requirements of the quantity and quality of shrimp fry to fully meet the requirements of the grow-out production, because the shrimp fry are small, the body is fragile, and it is very sensitive to changes in environmental conditions, and it is also necessary to correctly grasp the shrimp fry stocking method. Shrimp fry from the indoor nursery pond to the grow-out pond, the light conditions of the water body, water temperature, salinity, water quality, the type and quantity of bait have undergone considerable changes, in order to make the shrimp fry as soon as possible to adapt to the environment of the grow-out pond, improve the effect of the seedlings, the seedlings should try to deal with several precautions:
1. The natural water temperature is above 22 °C before the seedlings can be released. Although penaeus vannamei has strong hardiness, it is recommended that the temperature of the seedlings be higher, which is conducive to improving the survival rate of shrimp fry.
2. The salinity of the nursery pond and the grow-out pond should not be too different. Nursery salinity is usually above 25 and is relatively stable. The salinity of grow-out ponds tends to vary greatly, such as shrimp ponds in harbors and estuaries that have low salinity during the rainy season. Therefore, the salinity of the grow-out pond should be determined before stocking, and if the salinity of the nursery and the hatching pond is more than 5, the necessary shrimp fry should be diluted.
3. Try to choose to release seedlings on sunny days. Seedling release time should be determined according to different seasons, generally the temperature in the early spring season is low, it is advisable to release seedlings at noon or afternoon; summer and autumn temperatures are higher, and seedlings should be released in the morning or evening.
4. When purchasing seedlings, you should choose a nursery with good reputation and stable yield, and the quantity and quality of shrimp fry are more guaranteed, which is conducive to planned production and feeding management. Recommend the Shenghui shrimp fry in Mulan Bay, Wenchang, Hainan, you can pay attention to it.
Farming benefits:
Since 2001, the area of Penaeus vannamei culture has been continuously expanded, and the fry
The supply of species directly affects the development of this cultured species, according to the continuous research on the production of Bromeliad rosa fry, it is now through the summary of each technical link and technical points in the production, to explore the method of desalination seedling production and improve the survival rate and quality of fry of shrimp desalinated.
As of 2013, Penaeus vannamei is still a shrimp with high farming efficiency, especially in the sales of Penaeus vannamei and the Docking of the Internet, which also promotes the sales of Penaeus vannamei, so that farming can obtain better economic benefits. On some agricultural product trading platforms, the price of shrimp sold to 100 yuan / kg, and the lowest kilogram price also exceeded 50 yuan.