The rule of Ming Zhang refers to the "Great Rule" scene that appeared during the reign of Emperor Ming and Emperor Zhang of Han after Guangwu Zhongxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty, these two emperors pushed the Eastern Han Dynasty to its peak, and some practices during the Period of Emperor Ming Zhang's Second Emperor had a profound impact on the entire history of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Second Emperor of MingZhang reigned for a total of thirty-one years (57-88), and the two generations of emperors inherited the governing policy of Emperor Guangwu, and worked hard to govern, whether it was civil rule or martial arts, they had great achievements, becoming one of the golden periods in the history of the Han Dynasty, so the history is called "the rule of Ming Zhang". Below, let's talk about Liu Zhuang, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, who pioneered the "Rule of Ming Zhang", who was also the second emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
One
Specifically, on May 4, the fourth year of jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (28 AD), Liu Zhuang was born in Yuanshi County, Changshan County, and he was the fourth son of Liu Xiu, the Emperor of Han Guangwu, and his mother was Empress Guanglie, Yin Lihua. Liu Zhuang was enlightened when he was young, and he was familiar with "Spring and Autumn" at the age of ten. In the fifteenth year of Jianwu (39), Liu Zhuang was made the Duke of Donghai. In the seventeenth year of Jianwu (41 AD), Liu Zhuangjin was knighted as the King of Donghai. In the nineteenth year of Jianwu (43 AD), Liu Zhuang was made crown prince.
In the second year of Jianwu (57 AD), the Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu died, and Liu Zhuang succeeded him as Emperor Ming of Han. After Liu Zhuang ascended the throne, he continued to pursue the strategies of emperor Guangwu's reign, which was quite similar to Xiao Zhicao.com. Of course, Liu Zhuang, the Emperor of Hanming, also had his own governing philosophy. After he ascended the throne, he severely punished his foreign relatives and ministers who relied on their power and acted as a blessing. For example, Dou Lin, a lieutenant of the Qiang Dynasty, is a relative of Dou Rong, the Great Sikong, who is both a disciple of a meritorious hero and a family of foreign relatives.
In the second year of Yongping (59 AD), Dou Lin was imprisoned and sentenced to death for the crime of "deceiving the king and perverting the law by embezzlement". Liu Zhuang used Dou Rong's lack of strict discipline to discipline his disciples, and several times issued edicts and punishments, and deposed Dou Rong. Later, Liu Zhuang's younger brother Liu Ying the Prince of Chu, Liu Jing the Prince of Guangling, Situ Yuyan, and Situ Xingmu all committed suicide with guilt; Yin Xuezhao of Hedong, Wang Kang of the Lieutenant Colonel of Si Li, and Han Guang, the Duke of Tuoma, all sat down and died.
From this, it is very obvious that among the many emperors of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Zhuang was extremely strict with foreign relatives, ministers, and even the kings of the clan, and once he broke the law, he was strictly punished. On this basis, the courtiers were shocked and the imperial court was solemn. This not only consolidated the throne of emperor Ming of Han, but also laid a good foundation for the restoration of the national strength of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Two
Further, in the history of the Eastern Han Dynasty, foreign relatives and eunuchs interfered in the government, which was actually a relatively common reality, which was one of the reasons why the Eastern Han Dynasty went into decline and even demise. For example, in 189 AD, after the death of the Han Ling Emperor, the Han Shao Emperor took the throne. At that time, the foreign relatives represented by the great general He Jin launched a fierce contest with the eunuch forces, and as a result, they both lost and injured, allowing Dong Zhuo to pick up a big bargain. After Dong Zhuo usurped power, he deposed the emperor, prompting the Eastern Han Dynasty to gradually survive in name only.
In addition to suppressing foreign relatives and other forces, Liu Zhuang repeatedly issued edicts to reduce taxes and reduce military service and reduce punishments; ordered officials to advise Nongsang to control diseases and pests; and rewarded the people with public land. In addition, the Han Ming Emperor Liu Zhuang vigorously built farmland water conservancy, the largest of which was to control the Yellow River. From the east of Xingyang to the thousand-mile haikou, ten miles and a water gate have been set up, so that more Tong Huan is injected, and there is no danger of repeated collapse and leakage, thus ensuring the normal progress of agricultural production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Liu Zhuang advocated frugality, court life was not yet luxurious, and for a while, upward and downward effects.
Under the efforts of Emperor Ming of Han, the people of the Eastern Han Dynasty lived and worked in peace and contentment, so the population increased significantly. In the last years of emperor Guangwu's reign, the population of the whole country with household registration was more than 21 million, and by the end of Liu Zhuang's reign, it had surged to more than 34 million in less than 20 years.
Three
After the restoration of national strength, Emperor Hanming did not forget to expand his territory. As we all know, the Xiongnu, as the most powerful nomadic people at that time, have always been a major problem for the Han Dynasty. Therefore, like Emperor Wudi of Han and other emperors, Emperor Ming of Han also used troops against the Xiongnu many times. According to the Book of Later Han and other historical records, in the fifteenth year of Yongping (72), Liu Zhuang sent Dou Gu, the governor of Fengche, and Geng Bing, the lieutenant of Tuoma, to lead troops to garrison Tunliang Prefecture in preparation for the operation of the northwest.
In the spring of the sixteenth year of Yongping (73), Liu Zhuang ordered Dou Gu, Geng Bing, and others to attack the Northern Xiongnu in four ways. In this battle, Dou Gu led his army out of Jiuquan, defeated the Xiongnu Huyan king Yu Tianshan, left his troops to defend the city of Iwulu, and sent 36 officials led by Sima Banchao and others to defeat the forces close to the Xiongnu at Shanshan and Khotan. Therefore, after learning the strength of the Eastern Han Dynasty, all the countries in the Western Regions sent their sons to serve. Prior to this, due to the wars in the last years of the Western Han Dynasty, coupled with the Han Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu's initial focus on the interior, which led to the interruption of relations between the Western Regions and the Han Dynasty for more than 60 years, and now, through the efforts of the Han Ming Emperor, the Western Regions have been re-incorporated into the Han Dynasty's sphere of influence.
Four
Finally, in the seventeenth year of Yongping (74), Dou Gu, Geng Bing, and others led a large army to defeat the Northern Xiongnu again after the Pushi Sea, and re-established the Western Regions Capital Protector, Peng Ji Lieutenant Yu Guizi, and Che shi, and restored the Han Dynasty's occupation of the Western Regions. In this regard, in the view of many historians, Liu Zhuangshi's strategy toward the Northern Xiongnu and the Western Regions also laid the foundation for the complete elimination of the Northern Xiongnu and the control of the Western Regions in the later period.
In addition to expanding to the northwest region, during the Reign of Emperor Yongping of the Han Ming Dynasty, more than 100 countries and 6 million people from more than 100 countries and 6 million people west of the Wen Mountains in yizhou submitted to the Han Dynasty under the beckoning of Zhu Fu, the White Wolf King, tang Yu, composed three chapters of the song, crossed the Qionglai Mountains, and personally went to Luoyang to meet the Ming Emperor, which was the song for the White Wolf King. In the twelfth year of Yongping (69), Liu Mao, the king of Ailao in the southwest of Yizhong, was attached to him, and the Han Dynasty set up two counties in its territory, Ailao and Bonan, and then cut off the six counties led by the western governor of Yizhou County, and merged them into Yongchang County. Therefore, it is very obvious that in the early Eastern Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty had already implemented the county system to the southern central region.
On August 6, the eighteenth year of Yongping (75), Liu Zhuang died in the front hall of luoyang's Eastern Palace at the age of forty-eight. After Liu Zhuang's death, he was given the title of Emperor Xiaoming and Emperor Xianzong of the Temple. Bo was buried at the Xianjie Mausoleum (southeast of present-day Luoyang, Henan). In addition, after the death of Emperor Ming of Han, his son Liu Ju of Han Zhangdi continued to exert great efforts to govern, persuade nongsang, build water conservancy, reduce servitude, advocate simplicity, and practice "rest with the people", which undoubtedly pushed the national strength of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the peak, thus winning the praise of "the rule of Ming Zhang".