1.pom.xml 檔案引入核心庫,并且開啟資源過濾
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.spring mvc 配置web.xml , 注冊DispatcherServlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--1.注冊DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--關聯一個springmvc的配置檔案:【servlet-name】-servlet.xml-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--啟動級别-1-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--/ 比對所有的請求;(不包括.jsp)-->
<!--/* 比對所有的請求;(包括.jsp)-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3.在resource目錄下添加springmvc-servlet.xml配置檔案,配置的形式與Spring容器配置基本類似,為了支援基于注解的IOC,設定了自動掃描包的功能,具體配置資訊如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 自動掃描包,讓指定包下的注解生效,由IOC容器統一管理 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.he.controller"/>
<!-- 讓Spring MVC不處理靜态資源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!--
支援mvc注解驅動
在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解來完成映射關系
要想使@RequestMapping注解生效
必須向上下文中注冊DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
和一個AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter執行個體
這兩個執行個體分别在類級别和方法級别處理。
而annotation-driven配置幫助我們自動完成上述兩個執行個體的注入。
-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 視圖解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 字首 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<!-- 字尾 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
4.建立 Controller
package com.he.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/HelloController")
public class HelloController {
//真實通路位址 : 項目名/HelloController/hello
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String sayHello(Model model){
//向模型中添加屬性msg與值,可以在JSP頁面中取出并渲染
model.addAttribute("msg","hello,SpringMVC");
//web-inf/jsp/hello.jsp
return "hello";
}
}
- @Controller是為了讓Spring IOC容器初始化時自動掃描到;
- @RequestMapping是為了映射請求路徑,這裡因為類與方法上都有映射是以通路時應該是/HelloController/hello;
- 方法中聲明Model類型的參數是為了把Action中的資料帶到視圖中;
- 方法傳回的結果是視圖的名稱hello,加上配置檔案中的前字尾變成WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp。
5.建立視圖
在WEB-INF/ jsp目錄中建立hello.jsp , 視圖可以直接取出并展示從Controller帶回的資訊;
可以通過EL表示取出Model中存放的值,或者對象;
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>SpringMVC</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
6.将 artifacts 中 建立一個 lib 包 将項目依賴包導入進去