Java源碼閱讀之IdentityHashMap
- 類定義
- 類屬性
- 構造函數
- 方法
- 相等性比較
- HashCode
在java中,IdentityHashMap是唯一允許出現相等鍵的map,因為在IdentityHashMap中判斷鍵相等是判斷引用相等,而在其他map中判斷鍵相等是根據值相等來進行判斷;
類定義
類屬性
// 預設的容量大小,當采用裝載因子2/3時,map的最大size為21
private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 32;
// 最小的初始容量
private static final int MINIMUN_CAPACITY = 4;
// 最大的map容量
private static final int MAXIMUM_CAPACITY = 1 << 29;
// 用于存儲鍵值對的數組
transient Object[] table;
// map中的鍵值對數量
int size;
transient int modCount;
static final Object NULL_KEY = new Object();
構造函數
// 用預設初始容量32,和預設裝載因子2/3建立map
public IdentityHashMap(){
init(DEFAULT_CAPACITY);
}
// 使用期望能夠裝填的鍵值對的數量來進行map的建立
// 這裡的expectedMaxSize就相當于HashMap中的threshold
// IdentityHashMap的預設裝載因子為2/3
public IdentityHashMap(int expectedMaxSize){
if(expectedMaxSize < 0){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("expectedMaxSize is negative : " + expectedMaxSize);
}
// 用能滿足expecedMaxSize的最小容量初始化map,容量必須為2的幂次
init(capacity(expectedMaxSize));
}
public IdentityHashMap(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m){
this((int)((1 + m.size()) * 1.1));
putAll(m);
}
方法
// 使用期望的能存儲的最大數量的鍵值對數,和預設的裝載因子2/3計算出能滿足的最小的2的幂次的容量
private static int capacity(int expectedMaxSize){
return (exceptedMaxSize > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY/3 ? MAXIMUN_CAPACITY:
(exceptedMaxSize <= 2 * MINIMUM_CAPACITY/3) ? MINIMUM_CAPACITY :
Integer.highestOneBit(expectedMaxSize + (expectedMaxSize << 1)));
}
// 對identityHashmap進行初始化
private void init(int initCapacity){
table = new Object[initCapacity * 2];
}
// 傳回指定鍵的索引位置
private static int hash(Object x, int length){
int h = System.identityHashCode(x);
return ((h << 1) - (h << 8)) & (length - 1);
}
// 查找下一個key的索引,IdentityHashMap采用的線性探測法解決沖突
private static int nextKeyIndex(int i, int len){
return (i + 2 < len ? i + 2 : 0);
}
// 向map中插入元素
public V put(Objcet key, Object value){
final Object k = maskNull(key);
retryAfterResize:for(;;){
final Object[] tab = table;
final int len = tab.length;
int i = hash(key, len);
// 如果鍵已經存在,則替換舊值
for(Object item; (item = tab[i]) != null; i = nextKeyIndex(i, len)){
if(item == k){
V oldValue = (V) tab[i+1];
tab[i+1] = value;
return oldValue;
}
}
final int s = size + 1;
// 當容量達到門檻值,則進行擴容
if((s + (s << 1)) > len && resize(len)){
continue retryAfterResize;
}
modCount++;
tab[i] = k;
tab[i+1] = value;
size = s;
return null;
}
}
public V get(Object key){
Object k = maskUnll(key);
Object[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
int i = hash(k, len);
while(true){
Object item = tab[i];
if(item == k){
return (V) tab[i+1];
}
if(item == null){
return null;
}
i = nextKeyIndex(i, len);
}
}
// 查找map中是否有指定的鍵
public boolean containsKey(Object key){
Object k = maskUnll(key);
Object[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
int i = hash(k, len);
while(true){
Object item = tab[i];
if(item == key){
return true;
}
if(item == null){
return false;
}
i = nextKeyIndex(i, len);
}
}
// 查找map中是否有指定的值
public boolean containsValue(Object value){
// 按照存儲結構,值隻能從索引位置為1的地方開始存儲
// 周遊一遍map查詢是否有指定的值存在
for(int i = 1; i < table.length; i+=2){
// 查找到指定的值且有對應的鍵關聯
if(table[i] == value && table[i-1] != null){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
// 查找map中是否存在指定的鍵值對
private boolean containsMapping(Object key, Object value){
final Object k = maskNull(key);
Object[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
int i = hash(k, len);
while(true){
Object item = tab[i];
if(item == k){
return value == tab[i+1]
}
if(item == null){
return false;
}
i = nextKeyIndex(i, len);
}
}
// 使用新容量對容器進行擴容
public boolean resize(int newCapacity){
int newLength = 2 * newCapacity;
Object[] oldTable = table;
int oldLength = oldTable.length;
if(oldLength == 2 * MAXIMUM_CAPACITY){
// 已經達到最大容量,不能再繼續擴容了
if(size == MAXIMUM_CAPACITY - 1){
// 記憶體耗盡
throw new IllegalStateException("Capacity exhausted.");
}
return false;
}
if(oldLength >= newLength){
return false;
}
Object[] newTable = new Object[newLength];
for(int i = 0; i < oldLength; i += 2){
Object key = oldTable[i];
if(key != null){
Objcet value = oldTable[i + 1];
oldTable[i] = null;
oldTable[i + 1] = null;
int j = hash(key, newLength);
while(newTable[j] != null)
j = nextKeyIndex(j, newLength);
newTable[j] = key;
newTable[j + 1] = value;
}
}
table = newTable;
return true;
}
// 将給定map中的所有鍵值對添加到目前map中,如果有重複的鍵,則用給定的map中的鍵值對替換目前map中的鍵值對
public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m){
int n = m.size();
if(n == 0){
return;
}
if(n > size){
resize(capacity(n));
}
for(Map.Entry<K,V> entry : m.entrySet()){
put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
// 根據指定的鍵來删除鍵值對
// 如果鍵key存在則删除鍵值對,并傳回關聯的值
// 如果鍵key不存在則傳回null
public V remove(Object key){
Object k = maskNull(key);
Object[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
int i = hash(k, len);
while(true){
Object item = tab[i];
if(item == k){
modCount ++;
size --;
V oldValue = (V) tab[i + 1];
tab[i] = null;
tab[i + 1] = null;
closeDeletion(i);
return oldValue;
}
if(item == null){
// 沒有查找到指定的值
return null;
}
i = nextKeyIndex(i, len);
}
}
// 删除之後,需要将具有相同hash值的後續鍵值對向前移動
private void closeDeletion(int d){
Object[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
Object item;
for(int i = nextKeyIndex(d, len); (item = tab[i]) != null; i = nextKeyIndex(i, len)){
// 計算後續鍵值對的hash值
int r = hash(item, len);
if((i < r && (r <= d || d <= i)) || (r <= d && d <= i)){
tab[d] = tab[i];
tab[d + 1] = tab[i + 1];
tab[i] = null;
tab[i + 1] = null;
d = i;
}
}
}
// 清空map
public void clear(){
modCount ++;
Object[] tab = table;
for(int i = 0; i < tab.length; i ++){
tab[i] = null;
}
size = 0;
}
相等性比較
public boolean equals(Object o){
if(o == this){
return true;
}else if(o instanceof IdentityHashMap){
IdentityHashMap<?,?> m = (IdentityHashMap<?,?>)o;
if(m.size() != size){
return false;
}
Object[] tab = m.table;
for(int i = 0; i < tab.length; i += 2){
Objcet k = tab[i];
if(k != null && !containsMapping(k, tab[i + 1])){
return false;
}
}
return true;
}else if(o instanceof Map){
Map<?,?> m = (Map<?,?>)o;
return entrySet().equals(o.entrySet());
}else{
return false;
}
}
HashCode
public int hashCode(){
int result = 0;
Object[] tab = table;
for(int i = 0; i < tab.length; i ++){
Object key = tab[i];
if(key != null){
Object k = unmaskNull(key);
result += System.identityHashCode(k) ^ System.identityHashCode(tab[i+1]);
}
}
return result;
}