httpåè®®
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol è¶ ææ¬ä¼ è¾åè®®ã
ç¹ç¹
- åºäºTCP/IPçé«çº§åè®®
- é»è®¤ç«¯å£å·:80
- åºäºè¯·æ±/ååºæ¨¡åçï¼ä¸æ¬¡è¯·æ±å¯¹åºä¸æ¬¡ååº
- æ ç¶æçï¼æ¯æ¬¡è¯·æ±ä¹é´ç¸äºç¬ç«ï¼ä¸è½äº¤äºæ°æ®
ä»ä¹æ¯åè®®
åæ¹å¨äº¤äºãé讯çæ¶åï¼ éµå®çä¸ç§è§èãè§åã
httpåè®®
客æ·ç«¯ä¸æå¡å¨ç«¯å¨æ§è¡http请æ±çæ¶åï¼éµå®çä¸ç§è§èã
å ¶å®å°±æ¯è§å®äºå®¢æ·ç«¯å¨è®¿é®æå¡å¨ç«¯çæ¶åï¼è¦æºå¸¦äºä¸è¥¿**ï¼ æå¡å¨ç«¯è¿åæ°æ®çæ¶åï¼è¦è¿åä¸è¥¿ã
çæ¬
1.0
请æ±æ°æ®ï¼åªè½è·å¾ä¸ä¸ªwebèµæºï¼æå¡å¨è¿ååï¼ å°ä¼æå¼è¿æ¥ã
1.1
请æ±æ°æ®ï¼æå¡å¨è¿ååï¼ è¿æ¥è¿ä¼ä¿æçã é¤éæå¡å¨ | 客æ·ç«¯ å
³æã æä¸å®çæ¶é´éå¶ï¼å¦æé½ç©ºçè¿ä¸ªè¿æ¥ï¼é£ä¹åé¢ä¼èªå·±ææã
Http请æ±æ°æ®è§£é
请æ±çæ°æ®éé¢å å«å个é¨åå 容 ï¼ è¯·æ±è¡ ã 请æ±å¤´ ã空è¡ã请æ±ä½
-
请æ±è¡
POST /examples/servlets/servlet/RequestParamExample HTTP/1.1
POST ï¼ è¯·æ±æ¹å¼ ï¼ä»¥postå»æ交æ°æ® /examples/servlets/servlet/RequestParamExample 请æ±çå°åè·¯å¾ ï¼ å°±æ¯è¦è®¿é®åªä¸ªå°æ¹ã HTTP/1.1 åè®®çæ¬
-
请æ±å¤´
Accept: application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+xml, image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, /
Referer: http://localhost:8080/examples/servlets/servlet/RequestParamExample
Accept-Language: zh-CN
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Host: localhost:8080
Content-Length: 31
Connection: Keep-Alive
Cache-Control: no-cache
Accept: 客æ·ç«¯åæå¡å¨ç«¯è¡¨ç¤ºï¼æè½æ¯æä»ä¹ç±»åçæ°æ®ã Referer ï¼ çæ£è¯·æ±çå°åè·¯å¾ï¼å ¨è·¯å¾ Accept-Language: æ¯æè¯è¨æ ¼å¼ Cache-Control ï¼ å¯¹ç¼åçæä½,ç¼åæ§å¶ User-Agent: ç¨æ·ä»£ç åæå¡å¨è¡¨æï¼å½åæ¥è®¿ç客æ·ç«¯ä¿¡æ¯ã Content-Typeï¼ æ交çæ°æ®ç±»åãç»è¿urlencodingç¼ç çform表åçæ°æ® Accept-Encodingï¼ gzip, deflate ï¼ å缩ç®æ³ ã Host ï¼ ä¸»æºå°å Content-Lengthï¼ æ°æ®é¿åº¦ Connection : Keep-Alive ä¿æè¿æ¥
- 请æ±ä½
æµè§å¨çæ£åéç»æå¡å¨çæ°æ®
åéçæ°æ®åç°çæ¯key=value ,å¦æåå¨å¤ä¸ªæ°æ®ï¼é£ä¹ä½¿ç¨ &
firstname=zhang&lastname=sansan
Httpååºæ°æ®è§£æ
ååºçæ°æ®éé¢å å«ä¸ä¸ªé¨åå 容 ï¼ ååºè¡ ã ååºå¤´ ãååºä½
HTTP/1.1 200 OK 200æ¯statusç¶æç 设置ååºè¡å°±æ¯è®¾ç½®status
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Length: 673
Date: Fri, 17 Feb 2017 02:53:02 GMT
...è¿éè¿æå¾å¤æ°æ®...
-
ååºè¡
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
åè®®çæ¬ ç¶æç è¿æ¬¡äº¤äºå°åºæ¯ä»ä¹æ ·ç»æçä¸ä¸ªcode. 200, "OK" æåï¼æ£å¸¸å¤çï¼å¾å°æ°æ®ã 201, "Created" (å·²å建)请æ±æå并ä¸æå¡å¨å建äºæ°çèµæºã 204, "No Content" æå,æ å 容æ´æ° 400, "Bad Request" éè¯¯è¯·æ± 401, "Unauthorized" æªè®¤è¯ 403, "Forbidden" ç¦æ¢ 404, "Not Found" èµæºæªæ¾å° 500, "Internal Server Error"å é¨æå¡å¨é误
-
ååºå¤´
Server: æå¡å¨æ¯åªä¸ç§ç±»åã Tomcat
Content-Type ï¼ æå¡å¨è¿åç»å®¢æ·ç«¯ä½ çå 容类å
Content-Length ï¼ è¿åçæ°æ®é¿åº¦
Date ï¼ é讯çæ¥æï¼ååºçæ¶é´
- ååºä½ï¼æ¯æå¡å¨è¿åç»å®¢æ·ç«¯çææ¬ä¿¡æ¯ã
Acceptï¼åè¯æµè§å¨ï¼å®ææ¯æçæ°æ®ç±»å Accept-Encodingï¼æ¯æåªç§ç¼ç æ ¼å¼ GBK UTF-8 GB2312 ISO8859-1 Accept-Languageï¼åè¯æµè§å¨ï¼å®çè¯è¨ç¯å¢ Cache-Controlï¼ç¼åæ§å¶ Connectionï¼åè¯æµè§å¨ï¼è¯·æ±å®ææ¯æå¼è¿æ¯ä¿æè¿æ¥ HOSTï¼ä¸»æº..../. Refreshï¼åè¯å®¢æ·ç«¯ï¼å¤ä¹ å·æ°ä¸æ¬¡ï¼ Locationï¼è®©ç½é¡µéæ°å®ä½ï¼
Get å Post请æ±åºå«
[å¤é¾å¾ç转å失败,æºç«å¯è½æé²çé¾æºå¶,建议å°å¾çä¿åä¸æ¥ç´æ¥ä¸ä¼ (img-dqy9Qn10-1614758443863)(img/img04.png)]
post
- æ°æ®æ¯ä»¥æµçæ¹å¼åè¿å»ï¼ä¸ä¼å¨å°åæ ä¸é¢æ¾ç¤ºã ç°å¨ä¸è¬æ交æ°æ®å°æå¡å¨ä½¿ç¨çé½æ¯POSTã
- 以æµçæ¹å¼åæ°æ®ï¼æ°æ®æ²¡æ大å°éå¶ã
get
- ä¼å¨å°åæ åé¢ ï¼æ¼æ¥æ°æ®ï¼æ以æå®å ¨éæ£ã ä¸è¬ä»æå¡å¨è·åæ°æ®ï¼å¹¶ä¸å®¢æ·ç«¯ä¹ä¸ç¨æ交ä¸é¢æ°æ®çæ¶åï¼å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨GETã
- è½å¤å¸¦çæ°æ®æéï¼ 1kb大å°