一、測試環境
筆記本作業系統: win10 8G記憶體
虛拟機: vmware
虛拟機作業系統(主控端): centos7
docker版本: 1.13.1
mysql版本: 5.5
二、安裝docker、拉取mysql鏡像、使用鏡像建立mysql容器
1.在windows上安裝vmware和linux作業系統
以前模拟多台伺服器時,我一般會在虛拟機中開多個centos系統,那樣的話,不但筆記本卡的要命,而且需要自己安裝各種環境和服務,特别麻煩。現在借助docker,可以直接拉取遠端的鏡像,還可以耗用極少的資源建立多台伺服器(容器),同時,docker容器可以實作秒級啟動,極大的友善了我們的測試
2.安裝docker
$ yum install -y docker
修改鏡像位址,編輯/etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://uulfe4bd.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
啟動docker
$ systemctl start docker //centos7及以後版本
$ service docker start //centos6及之前的版本
3.拉取mysql鏡像
mysql版本 5.5
$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/huati/mysql
檢視所有鏡像
$ docker images
删除鏡像
$ docker rmi [image ID]
啟動mysql鏡像并将容器的3306端口映射到主控端的33061端口
這一步是為了在windows上通過navitcat連接配接主控端的33061端口即可通路mysql容器中的資料庫
啟動第二個mysql容器
檢視所有容器以及狀态,UP表示容器已經啟動,0.0.0.0:33062->3306/tcp 為端口映射關系
$ docker ps -a
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
094ea693a956 a1b36821fb "/data1/startup.sh" About an hour ago Up minutes ...:->/tcp mysql_2
c2db34ba4e9a e04972ef39d2 "/usr/lib/mycat/bi..." hours ago Exited () About an hour ago mycat
cc55239f6 a1b36821fb "/data1/startup.sh" hours ago Up About an hour ...:->/tcp mysql_1
dfefbcdb186 db94df3e006 "/usr/sbin/init" days ago Exited () days ago centos7
d9178a9fdd hello-world "/hello" days ago Exited () days ago hello-world
為容器重命名
删除容器
$ docker rm [container name]
關閉容器指令
$ docker stop [container name]
啟動容器指令
進入容器
利用該指令進入容器後,并不能使用systemctl指令重新開機mysql服務,暫時未查找解決方案,當我修改mysql配置時,會關閉容器後再次開啟容器,來使新配置生效......
$ docker exec -it [container name] /bin/bash
或
$ docker exec -it 容器名稱 bash
退出容器
三、實作mysql主從複制
修改主從資料庫的資料庫密碼
從上文中拉取的mysql鏡像,運作後無需密碼即可使用root,一般情況下,我們應該設定資料庫的通路密碼
分别在主從資料庫中執行
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '1234' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges;
執行後,需要密碼才能繼續通路資料庫
分别在主從資料庫建立測試主從同步的資料庫和表
CREATE DATABASE master-slave-test;
USE master-slave-test;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int() NOT NULL,
`name` varchar() DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int() DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
修改 /etc/my.cnf,其中有一項為server-id,主從的server-id不能相同
修改主庫配置
$ vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port =
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
server-id =
port =
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
log-bin = mysql-bin
# master-slave ====== start ====
log-bin-index = mysql-bin.index
relay-log = mysql-relay
relay-log-index = mysql-relay.index
expire-logs-days =
max-binlog-size = M
max_binlog_cache_size = M
log-slave-updates =
binlog_cache_size = M
# use MIXED binlog
binlog_format = MIXED
#binlog_format = ROW
#多加注意:多個db要換行寫,不能用逗号隔開
#replicate-do-db = db%.%
replicate-do-db =master-slave-test
#replicate-ignore-db = mysql.%
# ignore tables
replicate-wild-ignore-table = mysql.%
sync_binlog =
relay_log_recovery =
log_slave_updates =
skip-name-resolve
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = M
# master-slave ====== end====
修改從庫配置
[client]
port =
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
#主庫和從庫的server-id不能相同
server-id =
port =
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
log-bin = mysql-bin
# master-slave ====== start ====
log-bin-index = mysql-bin.index
relay-log = mysql-relay
relay-log-index = mysql-relay.index
expire-logs-days =
max-binlog-size = M
max_binlog_cache_size = M
log-slave-updates =
binlog_cache_size = M
# use MIXED binlog
binlog_format = MIXED
#binlog_format = ROW
#多加注意:多個db要換行寫,不能用逗号隔開
#replicate-do-db = db%.%
replicate-do-db =master-slave-test
#replicate-ignore-db = mysql.%
# ignore tables
replicate-wild-ignore-table = mysql.%
sync_binlog =
relay_log_recovery =
log_slave_updates =
skip-name-resolve
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = M
# master-slave ====== end====
配置時候注意幾個坑:
!!!Replication-do-db的坑,如果多個庫則使用多行Replication-do-db進行配置
!!!Replication-ignore-db的坑,如果忽略多個庫則使用多行Replication-ignore-db進行配置
重新開機docker容器,使mysql配置生效
重新開機後,進入主庫
在msater中檢視主機狀态
mysql> show master status \G;
記錄主機日志所在位置的數字以及bin log檔案名,一會兒在從庫執行指令時會用到
重新開機後,進入從庫
. stop slave;
. CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.17.0.2',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='1234',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=;
master_log_file和master_log_pos的值為剛才從主庫查到的
這樣配置表示從目前時間開始,往後的資料進行同步
另外還可以配置将之前的主庫資料也同步到從庫,我暫時沒找到怎麼配
. start slave;
在slave中檢視從機狀态指令:
mysql> show slave status \G;
出現類似以下結果表示主從複制配置成功
File: mysql-bin.
Position:
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
row in set ( sec)
最後,在主庫user表中添加一些資料,看看效果吧