環境配置
安裝 node
nodeJs官網下載下傳https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/，一路next就可以了，預設安裝是在C槽
配置cnpm鏡像
npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
如果想安裝在其他盤，可參考 https://www.cnblogs.com/jianguo221/p/11487532.html
全局安裝 typescript
npm i typescript -g
全局安裝 express，可以直接用express的指令建立node-express項目
全局安裝Express
npm install express-generator -g
建立node-express 項目
express server(項目名)
本文不使用express建立，這裡就一筆帶過了
項目建立
建立項目檔案夾
mkdir server
--yes預設所有配置
npm init --yes
建立成功後，會生成一個package.json檔案，暫時先不修改
引入項目初始化必要的插件
@typpes是支援ts的插件
body-parser 可以配置接收不同格式的請求，即application/json 或 application/x-www-form-urlencoded
npm i express @types/node @types/express cors @types/cors body-parser
安裝開發環境需要的依賴，rimraf其實在部署運作時會用到，但其是運作前的指令，算[開發環境]；
ts-node-dev 開發用這個來啟動本地服務，因為node不能直接運作ts的代碼
npm i -D typescript ts-node-dev rimraf
建立，并修改tsconfig.json配置
tsc --init
{
"compilerOptions": {
/* Visit https://aka.ms/tsconfig.json to read more about this file */
/* Basic Options */
// "incremental": true, /* Enable incremental compilation */
"target": "ES6", /* Specify ECMAScript target version: 'ES3' (default), 'ES5', 'ES2015', 'ES2016', 'ES2017', 'ES2018', 'ES2019', 'ES2020', or 'ESNEXT'. */
"module": "commonjs", /* Specify module code generation: 'none', 'commonjs', 'amd', 'system', 'umd', 'es2015', 'es2020', or 'ESNext'. */
// "lib": [], /* Specify library files to be included in the compilation. */
// "allowJs": true, /* Allow javascript files to be compiled. */
// "checkJs": true, /* Report errors in .js files. */
// "jsx": "preserve", /* Specify JSX code generation: 'preserve', 'react-native', or 'react'. */
// "declaration": true, /* Generates corresponding '.d.ts' file. */
// "declarationMap": true, /* Generates a sourcemap for each corresponding '.d.ts' file. */
"sourceMap": true, /* Generates corresponding '.map' file. */
// "outFile": "./", /* Concatenate and emit output to single file. */
"outDir": "./build", /* Redirect output structure to the directory. */
// "rootDir": "./", /* Specify the root directory of input files. Use to control the output directory structure with --outDir. */
// "composite": true, /* Enable project compilation */
// "tsBuildInfoFile": "./", /* Specify file to store incremental compilation information */
"removeComments": true, /* Do not emit comments to output. */
// "noEmit": true, /* Do not emit outputs. */
// "importHelpers": true, /* Import emit helpers from 'tslib'. */
// "downlevelIteration": true, /* Provide full support for iterables in 'for-of', spread, and destructuring when targeting 'ES5' or 'ES3'. */
// "isolatedModules": true, /* Transpile each file as a separate module (similar to 'ts.transpileModule'). */
/* Strict Type-Checking Options */
"strict": true, /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */
"noImplicitAny": false, /* Raise error on expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type. */
"strictNullChecks": true, /* Enable strict null checks. */
// "strictFunctionTypes": true, /* Enable strict checking of function types. */
// "strictBindCallApply": true, /* Enable strict 'bind', 'call', and 'apply' methods on functions. */
// "strictPropertyInitialization": true, /* Enable strict checking of property initialization in classes. */
// "noImplicitThis": true, /* Raise error on 'this' expressions with an implied 'any' type. */
"alwaysStrict": true, /* Parse in strict mode and emit "use strict" for each source file. */
/* Additional Checks */
// "noUnusedLocals": true, /* Report errors on unused locals. */
// "noUnusedParameters": true, /* Report errors on unused parameters. */
// "noImplicitReturns": true, /* Report error when not all code paths in function return a value. */
// "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true, /* Report errors for fallthrough cases in switch statement. */
// "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true, /* Include 'undefined' in index signature results */
/* Module Resolution Options */
"moduleResolution": "node", /* Specify module resolution strategy: 'node' (Node.js) or 'classic' (TypeScript pre-1.6). */
"baseUrl": "./src", /* Base directory to resolve non-absolute module names. */
// "paths": {}, /* A series of entries which re-map imports to lookup locations relative to the 'baseUrl'. */
// "rootDirs": [], /* List of root folders whose combined content represents the structure of the project at runtime. */
// "typeRoots": [], /* List of folders to include type definitions from. */
// "types": [], /* Type declaration files to be included in compilation. */
"allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true, /* Allow default imports from modules with no default export. This does not affect code emit, just typechecking. */
"esModuleInterop": true, /* Enables emit interoperability between CommonJS and ES Modules via creation of namespace objects for all imports. Implies 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports'. */
// "preserveSymlinks": true, /* Do not resolve the real path of symlinks. */
// "allowUmdGlobalAccess": true, /* Allow accessing UMD globals from modules. */
/* Source Map Options */
// "sourceRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate TypeScript files instead of source locations. */
// "mapRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate map files instead of generated locations. */
// "inlineSourceMap": true, /* Emit a single file with source maps instead of having a separate file. */
// "inlineSources": true, /* Emit the source alongside the sourcemaps within a single file; requires '--inlineSourceMap' or '--sourceMap' to be set. */
/* Experimental Options */
// "experimentalDecorators": true, /* Enables experimental support for ES7 decorators. */
// "emitDecoratorMetadata": true, /* Enables experimental support for emitting type metadata for decorators. */
/* Advanced Options */
"skipLibCheck": true, /* Skip type checking of declaration files. */
"forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true /* Disallow inconsistently-cased references to the same file. */
},
"include": [
"./src/**/*"
]
}
修改完成之後，就在目前目錄（server）下建立build、src兩個檔案夾，在src目錄下建立app.ts和server.ts兩個檔案
修改package.json，配置腳本指令
"scripts": {
"build": "tsc",
"dev": "ts-node-dev --respawn --transpile-only ./src/server.ts",
"restart": "rimraf dist && npm run build && npm start",
"start": "node ./build/server.js",
"prod": "npm run build && npm run start"
},
app.ts，添加如下代碼
import express from 'express';
class App {
public app: express.Application;
constructor() {
this.app = express();
}
}
export default new App().app;
server.ts，添加如下代碼
import app from './app'
const PORT = 3000;
app.listen(PORT,() => {
console.log(`Express server listening on port ${PORT}`);
});
然後npm run dev 啟動項目，express+TS的項目算是完成搭建的第一步
下一篇：【Express+TypeScript+MongoDB】配置路由 & 連接配接資料庫
參考
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37674616/article/details/103104616