racle中的select語句可以用START WITH...CONNECT BY PRIOR子句實作遞歸查詢,connect by 是結構化查詢中用到的,其基本文法是:
select ... from <TableName>
where <Conditional-1>
start with <Conditional-2>
connect by <Conditional-3>
;
<Conditional-1>:過濾條件,用于對傳回的所有記錄進行過濾。
<Conditional-2>:查詢結果重起始根結點的限定條件。
<Conditional-3>:連接配接條件
資料組織結構如下圖:

資料庫表結構如下:
create table t2(
root_id number,
id number,
name varchar(5),
description varchar(10)
);
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(0,1,'a','aaa');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(1,2,'a1','aaa1');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(1,3,'a2','aaa2');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(0,4,'b','bbb');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(4,5,'b1','bbb1');
insert into t2(root_id,id,name,description) values(4,6,'b2','bbb2');
擷取完整樹:
select * from t2 start with root_id = 0 connect by prior id = root_id;
如:
擷取特定子樹:
select * from t2 start with id = 1 connect by prior id = root_id;
如:
select * from t2 start with id = 4 connect by prior id = root_id;
如:
如果connect by prior中的prior被省略,則查詢将不進行深層遞歸。
如:
select * from t2 start with root_id = 0 connect by id = root_id;
select * from t2 start with id = 1 connect by id = root_id;
如:
關于PRIOR
運算符PRIOR被放置于等号前後的位置,決定着查詢時的檢索順序。
PRIOR被置于CONNECT BY子句中等号的前面時,則強制從根節點到葉節點的順序檢索,即由父節點向子節點方向通過樹結構,我們稱之為自頂向下的方式。如:
CONNECT BY PRIOR EMPNO=MGR
PIROR運算符被置于CONNECT BY 子句中等号的後面時,則強制從葉節點到根節點的順序檢索,即由子節點向父節點方向通過樹結構,我們稱之為自底向上的方式。例如:
CONNECT BY EMPNO=PRIOR MGR 等價于
connect by prior mgr=empno
其實跟在等号哪邊沒關系,主要是明白empno 和mgr 是子--父 關系,隻要記住prior 和子 字段在一起,表示尋找他的子孫,和父 字段在一起,表示開始尋找她的爸爸!