8.5 生成随機的測驗試卷檔案

import random

capitals = {'Alabama': 'Montgomery', 'Alaska': 'Juneau', 'Arizona': 'Phoenix', 'Arkansas': 'Little Rock',
            'California': 'Sacramento', 'Colorado': 'Denver', 'Connecticut': 'Hartford', 'Delaware': 'Dover',
            'Florida': 'Tallahassee', 'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Hawaii': 'Honolulu', 'Idaho': 'Boise',
            'Illinois': 'Springfield', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis', 'Iowa': 'Des Moines', 'Kansas': 'Topeka',
            'Kentucky': 'Frankfort', 'Louisiana': 'Baton Rouge', 'Maine': 'Augusta', 'Maryland': 'Annapolis',
            'Massachusetts': 'Boston', 'Michigan': 'Lansing', 'Minnesota': 'Saint Paul', 'Mississippi': 'Jackson',
            'Missouri': 'Jefferson City', 'Montana': 'Helena', 'Nebraska': 'Lincoln', 'Nevada': 'Carson City',
            'New Hampshire': 'Concord', 'New Jersey': 'Trenton', 'NewMexico': 'Santa Fe', 'New York': 'Albany',
            'North Carolina': 'Raleigh', 'North Dakota': 'Bismarck', 'Ohio': 'Columbus', 'Oklahoma': 'Oklahoma City',
            'Oregon': 'Salem', 'Pennsylvania': 'Harrisburg', 'Rhode Island': 'Providence', 'South Carolina': 'Columbia',
            'South Dakota': 'Pierre', 'Tennessee': 'Nashville', 'Texas': 'Austin', 'Utah': 'Salt Lake City',
            'Vermont': 'Montpelier', 'Virginia': 'Richmond', 'Washington': 'Olympia', 'WestVirginia': 'Charleston',
            'Wisconsin': 'Madison', 'Wyoming': 'Cheyenne'}


for quizNum in range(35):
    # 建立試卷和答案檔案
    quizFile = open('capticalsquiz%s.txt' % (quizNum + 1), 'w')
    answerKeyFile = open('capticalsquiz_answers%s.txt' % (quizNum + 1), 'w')

    # 寫标題和開頭
    quizFile.write('Name:\n\nDate:\n\nClass:\n\n')
    quizFile.write(' ' * 20 + 'State Capticals Quiz (From %s)' % (quizNum + 1))
    quizFile.write('\n\n')

    # 打亂capital字典
    states = list(capitals.keys())
    random.shuffle(states)  # 打亂states的順序

    # 循環states，制造50個問題
    for questionNum in range(50):
        correctAnswer = capitals[states[questionNum]]
        wrongAnswers = list(capitals.values())
        del wrongAnswers[wrongAnswers.index(correctAnswer)]  # 删除清單中的正确答案
        # random.sample()函數使得這種選擇很容易，它的第一個參數是你希望選擇的清單，第二個參數是你希望選擇的值的個數。
        wrongAnswers = random.sample(wrongAnswers, 3)
        answerOption = wrongAnswers + [correctAnswer]
        random.shuffle(answerOption)
        # 在檔案中寫入問題
        quizFile.write('%s. What is the capital of %s?\n' % (questionNum + 1,
                                                             states[questionNum]))
        for i in range(4):
            quizFile.write(' %s. %s\n' % ('ABCD'[i], answerOption[i]))
        quizFile.write('\n')

        # 在答案卷中寫入答案
        answerKeyFile.write('%s. %s\n' % (questionNum + 1, 'ABCD'[
            answerOption.index(correctAnswer)]))

    quizFile.close()
    answerKeyFile.close()