天天看點

軟體工程英語

文檔:Documents

軟體工具:Software Tools

工具箱:Tool Box

內建工具:Integrated Tool

軟體工程環境:Software Engineering Environment

傳統:Conventional

經典:Classical

解空間:Solution Domain

問題空間:Problem Domain

清晰第一,效率第二Clarity the first,Efficiency the next.

設計先于編碼Design before coding

使程式的結構适合于問題的結構Make the program fit the problem

開發伴随複用,開發為了複用 Development with reuse,Development for reuse.

靠度量來管理:Management by Measurement

軟體度量學:Software Metrics

軟體經濟學:Software Economics

軟體計劃WHY軟體分析WHAT軟體實作HOW

軟體生存周期過程的開發标準 Standard for Developing Software Life Cycle Process

軟體開發模型:Software Development Model

編碼員:Coder

瀑布模型:Waterfall Model

快速原型模型:Rapid Prototype Model

增量模型:Incremental Model

線性思維:Linear Thinking

演化模型:Evolutionary Model

螺旋模型:Spiral Model

對象:Object

類:Class

繼承:Inheritance

聚集:Aggregation

消息:Message

面向對象=對象Object+分類Classification+繼承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with Messages

構件內建模型:Component Integration Model

轉換模型:Transformational Model

淨室軟體工程:Cleanroom Software Engineering

淨室模型:Cleanroom Model

軟體需求規格說明書:Software Requirement Specification ,SRS

分析模型:Analysis Model

便利的應用規約技術:Facilitated Application Specification Techniques ,FAST

結構化語言:Structured Language

判定樹:Decision Tree

基數:Cardinality

事件軌迹:Event Trace

對象-關系Object-RelationShip

結構化分析:SA(Structured Analysis)

由頂向下,逐漸細化 Top-Down Stepwise Refinement

面向對象分析:Object-Oriented Analysis

包含:Contains

臨近:Is Next To

傳到:Transmits to

來自:Acquires from

管理:Manages

控制:Controls

組成:Is Composed of

細化:Refinement

抽象:Abstraction

子產品:Module

政策:Strategy

資訊隐藏:Information Hiding

資料封裝:Data Encapsulation

抽象資料類型:Abstract Datatype

子產品化設計:Modular Design

分解:Decomposition

子產品性:Modularity

單子產品軟體:Monolithic Software

子產品獨立性:Module Independence

内聚:Cohesion

偶然性内聚:Coincidental Cohesion

邏輯性内聚:Logical Cohesion

時間性内聚:Temporal Cohesion

過程性内聚: Procedural Cohesion

通信性内聚: Communicational Cohesion

順序性内聚:Sequential Cohesion

功能性内聚:Functional Cohesion

非直接偶合:No Direct Coupling

資料偶合:Data Coupling

特征偶合:Stamp Coupling

控制偶合:Control Coupling

外部偶合:External Coupling

公共偶合:Common Coupling

内容偶合: Content Coupling

由底向上設計:Bottom-Up Design

自頂向下設計:Top-Down Design

正式複審:Formal Review

非正式複審:Informal Review

走查,排練:Walk-Through

會審:Inspection

設計先于編碼:Design before coding

程式結構必須适應問題結構 Make the program fit the problem

映射:Mapping

傳入路徑:Afferent path

傳出路徑:Efferent path

變換中心:Transform Center

接受路徑:Reception path

動作路徑:Action path

事務中心:Transaction Center

分支分解:Factoring of Brandches

甕形:oval-shaped

一個子產品的控制域:Scope of Control

一個子產品的作用域:Scope of Effect

結構化程式設計:Structured Programming

通心面程式:Bowl of Spaghetti

流程圖:Flow Diagram

編碼:Coding

方框圖:Block Diagram

PDL (Pidgin):Program Design Language

僞代碼:Pseudo Code

JSD:Jackson System Development

對象模組化技術:Object Modeling Technique

基礎設施:Infrastructure

控制線程:Thread of Control

保護者對象:Guardian Object

協定:protocol

UML:Unified Modeling Language

OMG:Object Management Group

統一方法:Unified Method

關聯:Association

泛化:Generalization

依賴:Dependency

聚集:Aggregation

結點:Node

接口:Interface

包:Package

注釋: Note

特化:Specialization

元元模型:Meta-Meta Model

使用者模型:User Model

靜态圖:Static Diagram

動态圖:Dynamic Diagram

用例視圖:Use Case View

邏輯視圖:Logical View

并發視圖:Concurrent View

構件視圖:Component View

實作模型視圖:Implementation Model View

部署視圖:Deployment View

關聯:Association

航向:Navigability

重數:Multiplicity

聚集:Aggregation

共享聚集:Shared Aggregation

組合:Composition

泛化:Generalization

簡單消息:Simple Message

同步消息:Synchronous Message

異步消息:Asynchronous Message

事件說明:Event_Signature

守衛條件:Guard_Condition

動作表達式:Action_Expression

發送子句:Send_Clause

時序圖:Sequence Diagram

協作圖:Collaboration Diagram

字首:Predecessor

循環子句:Iteration-Clause

活動圖:Activity Diagram

構件圖:Component Diagram

配置圖:Deployment Diagram

模組化過程指導(RUP):Rational Unified Process

可執行代碼:Executalbe Codes

實作:Implementation

編碼風格:Coding Style

标準:Classical

控制流的直線性:Linearity of Control Flow

程式風格設計要素:

先求正确後求快 Make it right before you make it faster.

先求清楚後求快 Make it clear before you make it faster.

求快不忘保持程式正确 Keep it right when you make it faster.

保持程式簡單以求快 Keep it simple to make it faster.

書寫清楚,不要為“效率”犧牲清楚 Write clearly-don't sacrifice clarity for "efficiency"

文檔化:Code Documentation

内部文檔編制:Internal Documentation

序言:Prologue

使用者友善:User Friendly

糾錯:Debugging

測試用例:Test Case

窮舉測試:Exhaustive Testing

選擇測試:Selective Testing

靜态分析:Static Analysis

黑盒測試:Black Box Testing

白盒測試:White Box Testing

等價分類:Equivalence Partioning

邊界值分析法:Boundary Value Analysis

所謂猜錯:Error Guessing

因果圖:Cause-Effect Graph

邏輯覆寫測試法:Logic Coverage Testing

試湊:Trial and Error

回溯:Back Tracking

病因排除法:Cause Elimination

測試糾錯:Debugging by Testing

蠻力糾錯技術:Debugging by Brute Force

回歸測試:Regression Testing

單元測試:Unit Testing

綜合測試:Integration Testing

确認測試: Validation Testing

系統測試:System Testing

子產品測試:Module Testing

進階測試:Higher order Testing

不可達的:Unreachable

辦公桌檢查:Desk Check

走查:Walk-Through

代碼會審:Code Inspection

測試驅動子產品:Test Driver

測試樁子產品:Test Stub

群:Cluster

混合方式測試:Sandwich Testing

漸增式測試:Incremental Testing

非漸增式:Non-Incremental

配置複審:Configuration Review

測試終止标準:Test Completion Criteria

基于線程的測試:Thread-Based Testing

基于使用:Use-Based

基于構件的軟體開發:Component Based Software Development ,CBSD

領域工程:Domain Engineering

需求規約:Requirements Specification

變體:Variant

元件對象模型,COM:Componet Object Model

對象連結與嵌入:Object Linking and Embedding

公共對象請求代理體系結構,CORBA:Common Object Request Broker Architecture

枚舉分類:Enumerater Classification

呈面分類:Faceted Classification

屬性-值分類:Attribute-Value Classification

應用系統工程,ASE:Application System Engineering

完善性維護:Perfective Maintenance

适應性維護:Adaptive Maintenance

糾錯性維護:Corrective Maintenance

預防性維護:Preventive Maintenance

結構化的翻新:Structured Retrofit

可維護性:Maintainability

可了解性:Understandability

可修改性:Modifiability

可測試性:Testability

調用圖:Call Graph

交差引用表:Cross-Reference Directory

資料封裝技術:Data Encapsulation

維護申請單MRF:Maintenance Request Form

軟體問題報告單SPR:Software Problem Report

軟體修改報告單SCR: Software Change Report

修改控制組CCB:Change Control Board

軟體配置:Software Configuration

版本控制庫:Version Control Library

活動比:Activity Ratio

工作量調節因子EAF:Effort Adjustment Factor

軟體再工程:Software Reengineering

逆向工程:Reverse Engineering

重構:Restructure

演化性:Evolvability

問題定義:Problem Definition

系統目标與範圍的說明:Statement of Scope and Objectives

可行性研究:Feasibility Study

系統流程圖:System Flowchart

成本-效益分析:Cost-Benifit Analysis

風險識别:Risk Identification

風險預測:Risk Projection

風險估計:Risk Estimation

風險評價:Risk Assessment

估算模型:Estimation Model

資源模型:Resource Model

構造性成本模型:Constructive cost Model

組織:Organic

半獨立:Semidetached

嵌入:Embeded

算法模型:Algorithmic Model

分類活動結構圖WBS:Work Breakdown Structure

人員-時間權衡定律 People-Time Trade-Off Law

無我小組:Egoless Team

主程式員小組: Chief-Programmer Team

PERT:Program Evaluation and Review Technique

關鍵路徑:Critical Path

知識産權:Intellectual Property

靠品質來管理:Management by Measurement

品質保證:Quality Assurance

品質認證: Quality Certification

品質檢驗:Quality Inspection

全面品質管理TQC:Total Quality Control

品質體系:Quality System

計劃-實施-檢查-措施     Plan-Do-Check-Action

合格論證:Conformity Certification

可靠性:Reliability

效率:Efficiency

運作工程:Human Engineering

正确性:Correctness

使用性:Usability

完整性:Integrity

可了解性:Understandability

可測試性:Testability

可修改性:Modifiability

可移植性:Portability

可維護性:Maintainability

可适應性:Flexibility

可重用性:Reusability

互動操作性:Interoperability

驗證與确認:Verification and Validation ,V&V

基線:Baselines

平均故障時間:Mean Time To Failure ,MTTF

錯誤傳入:Error Seeding

備援:Redundancy

容錯:Fault Tolerance

公理化歸納斷言法:Axio-Matic Inductive Assertion

循環不變式:Loop Invariant

能力成熟度模型:Capability Maturity Model

關鍵過程域:Key Process Area ,KPA

關鍵實踐:Key Practice

初始級:Initial

可重複級:Repeatable

已定義級:Defined

已管理級:Managed

優化級:Optimizing

主任評估師:Lead Assessor

極值程式設計:Extreme Programming

自适應軟體開發:Adaptive Software Development

輕載:Light weight

重載:Heavy Weight

返工:Rework

進度:Schedule

時間:Duration

成本:Cost

代碼行LOC:Lines of Code

面向功能:Function-Oriented

面向規模: Size-Oriented

功能點:Function Points

權系數:Weighting Coefficient

使用者輸入:User Input

使用者輸出: User Output

使用者查詢: User Inquirty

主檔案處理:Master File

外部界面:External Interface

TCF:Technical Complexity Factor 技術複雜性因子

測度:Measurement

最終使用者:End-User;

計算機輔助軟體工程CASE:Computer Aided Software Engineering

拉出:pull-out

下拉: pull-down

一緻性:Unification

自動化:Automation

過程模型:Process Model

軟體開發環境SDE:Software Development Environment

軟體設計支援環境PSE:Programming Support Environment

內建化項目支援IPSE:Integrated Project Support Environment

內建化架構:Integration Framework

品質從頭抓起:Quality from Beginning

缺陷:Defect

變更請求:Change Request

功能擴充:Enhancement Request