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[Simulink] System Target File學習筆記

Code Generation

[Simulink] System Target File學習筆記

System target file

Target Language Compiler 是代碼生成工具， Simulink Coder/Embedded Coder 會使用這個工具，去執行 .tlc 檔案。 tlc 檔案裡描述了如何将 .rtw 變成代碼。

代碼生成用到的 .tlc 檔案是一系列，而不是單單是一個或者一類。

%% SYSTLC: STM32F4 Target TMF: ert_default_tmf MAKE: make_rtw EXTMODE: ext_comm
%selectfile NULL_FILE
%assign CodeFormat = "Embedded-C"
%assign TargetType = "RT"
%assign Language   = "C"
%include "codegenentry.tlc"

/%
  BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS
  %----------------------------------------%
  % Configure RTW code generation settings %
  %----------------------------------------%
  rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_stm32f4';
  rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';
  rtwgensettings.Version = '1';
  END_RTW_OPTIONS
%/

第1行的注釋

%% SYSTLC: STM32F4 Target TMF: ert_default_tmf MAKE: make_rtw EXTMODE: ext_comm

對屬性進行了描述，告訴Simulink環境，該系統目标檔案支援哪些功能，這裡支援

  • 支援生成mk檔案的tmf模闆
  • 支援mk的指令
  • 支援外部指令

    %selectfile NULL_FILE

     ，要做一個函數級的或非腳本類型的，寫這句。

    %assign CodeFormat = "Embedded-C"

     ，定義變量，說明支援生成代碼的類型為嵌入式C代碼

    %assign TargetType = "RT"

     ，生成代碼的目标類型為實時硬體

    %assign Language = "C"

     ，生成C語言代碼

另外還有其他的指令，如下：

%assign AutoBuildProcedure = !GenerateSampleERTMain

，不生成模闆的ert檔案

這條指令的作用等同于下圖中黃色部分
[Simulink] System Target File學習筆記

%include "commontargetlib.tlc"

，将commontargetlib.tlc展開執行

%include "codegenentry.tlc"

，将codegenentry.tlc展開執行

tlc檔案的後半部分為宏定義，以

/% BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS

開頭，以

/% END_RTW_OPTIONS

結束，定義了使用者選擇該tlc檔案後，Code Generation的設定以及該欄下方的Tab欄顯示内容。

宏定義

上面的執行個體中沒有對Tab欄顯示内容做修改，下面的例子（ST公司提供的STM32-MAT-TARGET支援包）給出了添加Tab欄顯示内容的執行個體：

%% SYSTLC: stm32 (Embedded Target) TMF: stm32.tmf MAKE: make_rtw \
%%    EXTMODE: ext_comm

%selectfile NULL_FILE

%%
%% System Target File for stm32
%%
%% $ stm32.tlc 2009-05-14 dlange $
%%

%assign CodeFormat = "Embedded-C"
%assign TargetType = "RT"
%assign Language   = "C"

%include "codegenentry.tlc"

/%
  BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS

  oIdx = 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt        = 'STM32 Options';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type          = 'Category';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable        = 'on';  
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default       = 8;
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings  = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip       = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable  = '';

  
   oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Download Application';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Checkbox';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = 'on';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'DownloadApplication';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'DOWNLOADAPPLICATION';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Select to open STM32 generated project.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';

  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'STM32CubeMx Path update';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Checkbox';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = 'off';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'STM32CubeMxPathUpdate';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'STM32CUBEMXPATHUPDATE';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Get STM32CubeMx path from registry. Uncheck to modify path manually.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = 'stm32cubemxpath_callback(hDlg, hSrc, ''STM32CubeMxPathUpdate'')';
   
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;
   
  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'STM32CubeMx installation path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'STM32CubeMxPath';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'STM32CUBEMXPATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = 'on';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['installation path for STM32CubeMx'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = 'stm32cubemxpath_callback(hDlg, hSrc, ''STM32CubeMxPath'')';
 
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Installed Path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'NonUI';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'Target_Inst_path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'TARGET_INST_PATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = 'off';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = ''; 
  
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Installed Full Path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'Target_Inst_Fullpath';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'TARGET_INST_FULLPATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = 'off';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Path to package added with pathtool command.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = ''; 
 
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Update installed path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Pushbutton';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'UpdateInstalledPath';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'UPDATEINSTALLEDPATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Click to automatically update package installation path.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = 'stm32updatepath_callback(hDlg, hSrc)';
 
   oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Model configuration (ioc) Full Path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'Ioc_Fullpath';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'IOC_FULLPATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Path to ioc configuration file.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = ''; 
 
   oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Interrupt Handler Optimization';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Checkbox';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = 'on';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'IT_Handler_Optim';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'IT_HANDLER_OPTIM';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['HAL IRQ Handler not generated from STM32CubeMX. Code is not generated in HAL callback function but directly in IRQ Handler. '];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';

  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt        = 'STM32 Project Files';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type          = 'Category';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable        = 'on';  
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default       = 5;
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings  = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip       = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable  = '';
  
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;
  
  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Append to list';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Checkbox';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = 'on';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'STM32AppendToList';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Files and paths selected will be appended to the list'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = '';
  
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Select source files (.c)';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Pushbutton';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'UpdateCFilelist';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Click to open multiselect window'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = 'stm32updateCfileList_callback(hDlg, hSrc, ''STM32AppendToList'')';
 
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'C files included to project';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'CProjectFiles';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['C files include functions that can be called from Simulink MATLAB Function'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';

  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Select include files (.h)';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Pushbutton';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'UpdateHPathlist';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Click to open multiselect window'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = 'stm32updateHPathList_callback(hDlg, hSrc, ''STM32AppendToList'')';
  
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;
 
  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Header files added to project';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'HPathFiles';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Header files included for C functions that can be called from Simulink MATLAB Function'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';
 

  %----------------------------------------%
  % Configure RTW code generation settings %
  %----------------------------------------%

  rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';
  rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_stm32';
  rtwgensettings.Version = '1';
  rtwgensettings.SelectCallback = ['stm32_SelectCallback(hDlg, hSrc)'];
  %rtwgensettings.ActivateCallback = ['stm32_ActivateCallback(hDlg, hSrc)'];
  rtwgensettings.PostApplyCallback = ['stm32_PostApplyCallback(hDlg, hSrc)'];
 

  END_RTW_OPTIONS
 %/

%% [EOF]: stm32.tlc

代碼生成配置 

/%
  BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS
  %----------------------------------------%
  % Configure RTW code generation settings %
  %----------------------------------------%
  rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_stm32f4';
  rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';
  rtwgensettings.Version = '1';
  END_RTW_OPTIONS
%/

rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_stm32f4';

設定代碼生成的檔案夾名字

rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';

繼承ert.tlc的模闆

另外，在

% Configure RTW code generation settings %

中還有回調函數的定義，這裡給出autosar.tlc的執行個體，具體代碼段如下：

/%

  BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS

  rtwoptions = autosar_rtwoptions_callback('GetOptions', rtwoptions);

  rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_autosar_rtw';
  rtwgensettings.Version        = autosarcore.rtwOptions('GetRtwOptionsVersion');
  rtwgensettings.SelectCallback = 'autosar_rtwoptions_callback(''SelectCallBack'', hSrc, hDlg)';
  rtwgensettings.ActivateCallback = 'autosar_rtwoptions_callback(''ActivateCallBack'', hSrc, hDlg)';
  rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';
  
  END_RTW_OPTIONS
 %/

這裡出現了兩個回調函數

rtwgensettings.SelectCallback = 'autosar_rtwoptions_callback(''SelectCallBack'', hSrc, hDlg)';
  rtwgensettings.ActivateCallback = 'autosar_rtwoptions_callback(''ActivateCallBack'', hSrc, hDlg)';

回調函數格式為：

% 在Code Generation的TLC選擇框内選擇該tlc檔案後執行哪些動作 
% 這個callback_handler可以由使用者自行定義
rtwgensettings.SelectCallback =callback_handler(hDlg,hSrc);
rtwgensettings.ActivateCallback = callback_handler(hDlg,hSrc);
rtwgensettings.PostApplyCallback = callback_handler(hDlg,hSrc);

callback_handler執行個體

callback_handler可以以.m的函數檔案放置到tlc檔案所在路徑下。下面給出一個具體的執行個體（該執行個體為SCANeR提供的ert_scanerapi_select.m）

function ert_scanerapi_select(hDlg, hSrc)
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'StopTime', 'inf');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'SolverType', 'Fixed-step');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'Solver', 'FixedStepDiscrete');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'SupportContinuousTime', 'on');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'SupportNonInlinedSFcns', 'on');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateSampleERTMain', 'off');
slConfigUISetEnabled(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateSampleERTMain', false);
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'ModelReferenceCompliant', 'on');
% slConfigUISetEnabled(hDlg, hSrc, 'ModelReferenceCompliant', false);

其中，

hDlg

為configuration parameters的句柄，

hSrc

為模型的句柄，

slConfigUISetVal

為Simulink的built-in函數，一共4個參數，前兩個為

hDlg

和

hSrc

，後面兩個為

要設定的參數名

和

對應的參數值

，

slConfigUISetEnabled

同理，設定enabled用。

【提示】要檢視參數名，在Configuration Parameters的對話框内需要檢視的内容處右鍵，what’s This?後檢視，如圖。

[Simulink] System Target File學習筆記

點選show more information後可以檢視該參數的具體設定：

[Simulink] System Target File學習筆記

如果是針對嵌入式開發，callback_handler中可以将下列指令引入：

function ert_example_select(hDlg, hSrc)
% 設定固定點步長，并禁止修改
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'SolverType', 'Fixed-step');
slConfigUISetEnabled(hDlg, hSrc, 'SolverType', 'off');
% 設定離散求解器
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'Solver', 'FixedStepDiscrete');
% 設定預設采樣時間
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'FixedStep', '0.1');
% 設定内聯參數
% 高版本的MATLAB中這個參數修改為Default parameter behavior ?
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'InlineParams', 'on');
% 生成報告
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateReport', 'on');
% 自動打開報告
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'LaunchReport', 'on');
% 隻生成代碼
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenCodeOnly', 'on');
% 不生成makefile（不生成可執行檔案，不需要makefile檔案）
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateMakefile', 'off');
% 生成注釋
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateComments', 'on');
% 生成A2L檔案
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateASAP2', 'on');

使用for循環改寫上面的.m回調函數：

function ert_example_select_for_loop(hDlg, hSrc)

configs = {'SolverType','on';
                  'Solver','FixedStepDiscrete';
                  'FixedStep', '0.1';
                  'InlineParams', 'on';
                  'GenerateReport', 'on';
                  'LaunchReport', 'on';
                  'GenCodeOnly', 'on';
                  'GenerateMakefile', 'off';
                  'GenerateComments', 'on';
                  'GenerateASAP2', 'on';};

for i = 1:length(configs)
    slfConfigUISetVal(hDlg,hSrc,configs{i,1},configs{i,2});
end
 
slConfigUISetEnabled(hDlg, hSrc, 'SolverType', 'off');

在實際模組化時，可以将修改system target file的指令放置到某個config子產品的回調函數中，這樣，隻要拖入該子產品，就可以實作自動将系統目标檔案修改的目的。

【注意】 下面兩個指令可以在Matlab的command windows中對Simulink模型的system target file進行修改。

disableimplicitsignalresolution(bdroot);

set_param(bdroot,‘SystemTargetFile’,‘ert_example.tlc’)

連結：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-q1a8Kt4D9SU-AaG-qODIw

提取碼：5aax

simulink TLC 代碼生成
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