初學C#,為了友善自己複習,決定将學習過程做一些記錄。
在自學了一些教程後,決定自行設計開發一個工作中可以用到的類似OA的程式。采用MVC+EF,其中使用了CodeFirst,在基本架構設計好之後,發現原始資料錄入有點問題,能否不同過直接操作資料庫導入呢?我試着設計一個winform界面的導入導出測試程式,由于Model類比較多,在導入Model類資料是,使用反射技術。在測試過程中,Excel的讀寫使用NPOI插件,在網絡上找了一些資料,在程式中不太完善,特别是日期類型讀取到DataTable中是,格式出現錯誤。經修改測試後基本通過,下面記錄以備後用。
public class ExcelHelper : IDisposable
{
private string fileName = null; //檔案名
private IWorkbook workbook = null;
private FileStream fs = null;
private bool disposed;
public ExcelHelper(string fileName)
{
this.fileName = fileName;
disposed = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 将DataTable資料導入到excel中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data">要導入的資料</param>
/// <param name="isColumnWritten">DataTable的列名是否要導入</param>
/// <param name="sheetName">要導入的excel的sheet的名稱</param>
/// <returns>導入資料行數(包含列名那一行)</returns>
public int DataTableToExcel(DataTable data, string sheetName, bool isColumnWritten)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int count = 0;
ISheet sheet = null;
fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
if (fileName.IndexOf(".xlsx") > 0) // 2007版本
workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
else if (fileName.IndexOf(".xls") > 0) // 2003版本
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
try
{
if (workbook != null)
{
sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);
}
else
{
return -1;
}
if (isColumnWritten == true) //寫入DataTable的列名
{
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);
for (j = 0; j < data.Columns.Count; ++j)
{
row.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(data.Columns[j].ColumnName);
}
count = 1;
}
else
{
count = 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < data.Rows.Count; ++i)
{
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(count);
for (j = 0; j < data.Columns.Count; ++j)
{
row.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(data.Rows[i][j].ToString());
}
++count;
}
workbook.Write(fs); //寫入到excel
return count;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//throw ex;
//Console.WriteLine("Exception: " + ex.Message);
return -1;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 将excel中的資料導入到DataTable中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sheetName">excel工作薄sheet的名稱</param>
/// <param name="isFirstRowColumn">第一行是否是DataTable的列名</param>
/// <returns>傳回的DataTable</returns>
public DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string sheetName, bool isFirstRowColumn)
{
ISheet sheet = null;
DataTable data = new DataTable();
int startRow = 0;
try
{
fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
if (fileName.IndexOf(".xlsx") > 0) // 2007版本
workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs);
else if (fileName.IndexOf(".xls") > 0) // 2003版本
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
if (sheetName != null)
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName);
if (sheet == null) //如果沒有找到指定的sheetName對應的sheet,則嘗試擷取第一個sheet
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
}
}
else
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
}
if (sheet != null)
{
IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum; //一行最後一個cell的編号 即總的列數
if (isFirstRowColumn)
{
for (int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i)
{
ICell cell = firstRow.GetCell(i);
if (cell != null)
{
string cellValue = cell.StringCellValue;
if (cellValue != null)
{
DataColumn column = new DataColumn(cellValue);
data.Columns.Add(column);
}
}
}
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1;
}
else
{
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum;
}
//最後一列的标号
int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
for (int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i)
{
IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
if (row == null) continue; //沒有資料的行預設是null
DataRow dataRow = data.NewRow();
for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; ++j)
{
ICell cell = row.GetCell(j);
if (cell != null) //同理,沒有資料的單元格都預設是null
{
//讀取Excel格式,根據格式讀取資料類型
switch (cell.CellType)
{
case CellType.Blank: //空資料類型處理
dataRow[j] = "";
break;
case CellType.String: //字元串類型
dataRow[j] = cell.StringCellValue;
break;
case CellType.Numeric: //數字類型
if (DateUtil.IsCellDateFormatted(cell)) //修改,原用DateUtil.IsValidExcelDate會把數值型轉換為日期型
{
dataRow[j] = cell.DateCellValue;
}
else
{
dataRow[j] = cell.NumericCellValue;
}
break;
case CellType.Formula:
HSSFFormulaEvaluator e = new HSSFFormulaEvaluator(workbook);
dataRow[j] = e.Evaluate(cell).StringValue;
break;
default:
dataRow[j] = "";
break;
}
}
}
data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
}
return data;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return null;
}
}
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!this.disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
if (fs != null)
fs.Close();
}
fs = null;
disposed = true;
}
}
}